Johannes Alvarez Manusama (17 August 1910 – 29 December 1995) was a former schoolteacher and freemason, RMS Minister of Education and Minister of Defence (1950), was the third president of the Republic of South Moluccas (1966–1993). His father was South Moluccan, while his mother was Indo. After briefly administering the aspirant state in the territory of the Moluccas, Manusama lived the rest of his life advocating independence and heading a

government in exile A government in exile (abbreviated as GiE) is a political group that claims to be a country or semi-sovereign state's legitimate government, but is unable to exercise legal power and instead resides in a foreign country. Governments in exile u ...

in the Netherlands. During his time, he hosted a regular radio show, "Voice of the Moluccas" and entered the

Republic of South Maluku South Maluku, also South Moluccas, officially the Republic of South Maluku, was an unrecognised secessionist republic that claimed the islands of Ambon, Buru, and Seram, which make up the Indonesian province of Maluku. Dutch conquest exert ...

into the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation.

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* 20th-century Dutch engineers 1910 births 1995 deaths Dutch people of Indonesian descent Dutch people of Moluccan descent Indo people Moluccan independence activists Moluccan people People from South Kalimantan Presidents of the Republic of South Maluku {{Indonesia-politician-stub