Johan Cronman (November 2, 1662 – July 26, 1737) was a

lieutenant general Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was norma ...

and the

commandant Commandant ( or ; ) is a title often given to the officer in charge of a military (or other uniformed service) training establishment or academy. This usage is common in English-speaking nations. In some countries it may be a military or police ...

of the Skåne fortress in the

Swedish Empire The Swedish Empire or the Great Power era () was the period in Swedish history spanning much of the 17th and early 18th centuries during which Sweden became a European great power that exercised territorial control over much of the Baltic regi ...

as well as the Governor of Malmöhus County from 1727 to 1737. He was Baron of

Alatskivi Alatskivi () is a small borough () in Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County Estonia. It was the administrative centre of Alatskivi Parish before the Estonian administrative reform. Alatskivi had around 382 citizens in as of 2019 with an area of 128 ...

, Kodafer and

Kokora Kokora () is a village in Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County in eastern Estonia Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west ...

; and Master of Vosuauer and Sattkula.

Biography

He was born on November 2, 1662, in Unanitz,

Ingria Ingria (; ; ; ) is a historical region including, and adjacent to, what is now the city of Saint Petersburg in northwestern Russia. The region lies along the southeastern shore of the Gulf of Finland, bordered by Lake Ladoga on the Karelian ...

. He was the son of Joakim Cronman (1638–1703) and

Lunetta Makeléer Sir John Maclean, 1st Baronet, (1604 – 7 July 1666) also known as John Makeléer or Hans Makeléer in Sweden, was Lord of Gåsevadholm, Hageby and Hammarö. He lived in Gothenburg, Sweden. He was made a Baronet by Charles II of England and ...

(1639–1693). Lunetta was the daughter of

John Hans Makeléer Sir John Maclean, 1st Baronet, (1604 – 7 July 1666) also known as John Makeléer or Hans Makeléer in Sweden, was Lord of Gåsevadholm, Hageby and Hammarö. He lived in Gothenburg, Sweden. He was made a Baronet by Charles II of England and ...

who was a merchant and banker who had emigrated from Scotland to Sweden. Johan joined the military and was commissioned as a lieutenant with the

Narva Narva is a municipality and city in Estonia. It is located in the Ida-Viru County, at the Extreme points of Estonia, eastern extreme point of Estonia, on the west bank of the Narva (river), Narva river which forms the Estonia–Russia border, E ...

garrison, and second

captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader or highest rank officer of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police depa ...

with the

Närke Närke () is a Swedish traditional province, or ''landskap'', situated in Svealand in south central Sweden. It is bordered by Västmanland to the north, Södermanland to the east, Östergötland to the southeast, Västergötland to the sou ...

and

Värmland Värmland () is a ''Provinces of Sweden, landskap'' (historical province) in west-central Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Dalsland, Dalarna, Västmanland, and Närke, and is bounded by Norway in the west. Name Several Latinized version ...

regiments in 1687. He was promoted to

with the Zurlauben regiment in 1699, and was made a lieutenant-colonel in 1701. He was promoted to colonel of the

Kronoberg Regiment The Kronoberg Regiment (), designations I 11 and I 11/Fo 16, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century. It was disbanded in 1997. The regiment's soldiers were originally recruited from Kronoberg County, ...

in 1706. On July 11, 1709, he was at

surrender at Perevolochna The surrender at Perevolochna was the capitulation of almost the entire Swedish army on 30 June 1709 ( O.S.) / 1 July 1709 (Swedish calendar) / 11 July 1709 ( N.S.). It signified the virtual annihilation of the once formidable Swedish army afte ...

and held prisoner in

Siberia Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states ...

until 1722. Johan returned to Sweden after his release and was promoted to

lieutenant-general Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was normall ...

of the infantry in 1722. He was made a

baron Baron is a rank of nobility or title of honour, often Hereditary title, hereditary, in various European countries, either current or historical. The female equivalent is baroness. Typically, the title denotes an aristocrat who ranks higher than ...

in 1727, and named the

Governor of Malmö A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of a state's official representative. Depending on the type of political region or polity, a ''governor'' may ...

and

Malmö Castle Malmö Castle () is a Middle Ages, medieval castle located on ''Slottsholmen'' ("Castle islet") in Malmö, Sweden. It was built between 1526 and 1539. Malmö Castle is part of The Malmö Museum. It is owned by the Swedish state and managed by ...

, both in 1727. Through his life, he fought in 13 battles, but was never wounded. He spoke 8 languages: Swedish, Latin, German, Estonian, Polish, Russian, French and Dutch. He died on July 26, 1737, at age 75. He had never married or had children.

Legacy

A plaque at St Petri, Malmö, reads in German:

It translates into English as:

His Royal Majesty of Sweden recognizes Lieutenant General of the Infantry, Governor and High Commandant at the Fortress of Skåne, Honourable Baron Mr. Johan Cronman, Baron to
Alatskivi Alatskivi () is a small borough () in Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County Estonia. It was the administrative centre of Alatskivi Parish before the Estonian administrative reform. Alatskivi had around 382 citizens in as of 2019 with an area of 128 ...
, Kodafer and
Kokora Kokora () is a village in Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County in eastern Estonia Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west ...
, Master of Wasuva (possibly) and Sottkylä (possibly). Born at
Alatskivi Alatskivi () is a small borough () in Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County Estonia. It was the administrative centre of Alatskivi Parish before the Estonian administrative reform. Alatskivi had around 382 citizens in as of 2019 with an area of 128 ...
November 2, 1662. Died in
Malmö Malmö is the List of urban areas in Sweden by population, third-largest city in Sweden, after Stockholm and Gothenburg, and the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, sixth-largest city in Nordic countries, the Nordic region. Located on ...
on July 26, 1737.

A plaque at Caroli Church in Malmö reads:

It translates into English as:

Here lies
Lieutenant General Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was norma ...
, Baron, Governor, and Commandant Johan Cronmann. Baron of old and new
Alatskivi Alatskivi () is a small borough () in Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County Estonia. It was the administrative centre of Alatskivi Parish before the Estonian administrative reform. Alatskivi had around 382 citizens in as of 2019 with an area of 128 ...
. Lord of
Kokora Kokora () is a village in Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County in eastern Estonia Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west ...
and Sottkylä. Year 1737

References

Images

File:Johan Cronman Malmo St Peter church.jpg, Plaque at St Petri, Malmö File:Johan_Cronman_Malmo_Sweden.jpg, Plaque at

Caroli Church, Malmö Caroli Church is a former church in Malmö, Sweden. It was built in 1880. The church is named after king Charles XI of Sweden. The first Caroli Church was built in 1680, in the same place as the current building. The church was also known as "Th ...

External links

Cronman family tree
based on

Gabriel Anrep John Gabriel Anrep (4 December 1821 – 12 March 1907) was a Swedish genealogist and author. Biography He was born on 4 December 1821 in Lekeberg Municipality on the family farm. He moved to Stockholm and was involved in genealogical publishi ...

and

Gustaf Elgenstierna Gustaf Magnus Elgenstierna (26 August 1871 – 21 March 1948) was a Swedish historian and genealogist. Biography He was born on 26 August 1871 to Carl Elgenstierna and Evelina Petersohn. He married Clara Sandberg in 1908. She was the daughter ...

Johan Cronman grave in Malmö
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cronman, Johan 1662 births 1737 deaths 17th-century Swedish military personnel Politicians from Malmö Governors of Malmöhus County Swedish people of German descent Johan People from Peipsiääre Parish Swedish military personnel of the Great Northern War Swedish prisoners of war 18th-century Swedish military personnel Prisoners of war held by Russia Swedish Army lieutenant generals Age of Liberty people People from Swedish Livonia

Biography

Legacy

See also

References

Images

External links