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Joel Edward Horlen (August 14, 1937 – April 10, 2022) was an American professional
baseball Baseball is a bat-and-ball games, bat-and-ball sport played between two team sport, teams of nine players each, taking turns batting (baseball), batting and Fielding (baseball), fielding. The game occurs over the course of several Pitch ...
pitcher In baseball, the pitcher is the player who throws ("Pitch (baseball), pitches") the Baseball (ball), baseball from the pitcher's mound toward the catcher to begin each play, with the goal of out (baseball), retiring a batter (baseball), batter, ...
. He played in
Major League Baseball Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball league composed of 30 teams, divided equally between the National League (baseball), National League (NL) and the American League (AL), with 29 in the United States and 1 in Canada. MLB i ...
(MLB) from 1961 to 1972 for the
Chicago White Sox The Chicago White Sox are an American professional baseball team based in Chicago. The White Sox compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) American League Central, Central Division. The club plays its ...
and
Oakland Athletics The Oakland Athletics (frequently referred to as the Oakland A's) were an American Major League Baseball (MLB) team based in Oakland, California from 1968 to 2024. The Athletics were a member club of the American League (AL) American League We ...
. In references, he is called Joe Horlen or Joel Horlen with roughly equal frequency. From 1964 to 1968, Horlen led all American League pitchers with a 2.32 earned run average ( ERA). In his career, Horlen won 116 games against 117 losses, with a 3.11 ERA and 1,065 strikeouts in 2,002 innings pitched. He is the only baseball player to play for teams that won a Pony League World Series (1952), a College World Series (Oklahoma State, 1959), and a Major League World Series (Oakland, 1972).


Early life

Horlen was born on August 14, 1937, in
San Antonio, Texas San Antonio ( ; Spanish for "Anthony of Padua, Saint Anthony") is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the most populous city in Greater San Antonio. San Antonio is the List of Texas metropolitan areas, third-largest metropolitan area in Texa ...
. He attended Luther Burbank High School, in San Antonio. Horlen attended high school contemporaneously with future major league pitcher Gary Bell, graduating one year later. Both he and Bell were inducted into the San Antonio Independent School District Athletic Hall of Fame in 2017. Horlen attended Oklahoma State University and played
college baseball College baseball is baseball that is played by Student athlete, student-athletes at institutions of higher education. In the United States, college baseball is sanctioned mainly by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA); in Japan, ...
for the Oklahoma State Cowboys. He was named to the American Baseball Coaches Association All-America second team, and first-team All- Big Eight, as he helped lead Oklahoma State to victory in the 1959 College World Series. He was named to the All-Tournament Team, with a 2–0 record (pitching two complete games), 1.99 ERA, and tournament leading 18 strikeouts. In his two years on the team, he was 15-4, with a 2.26 ERA, and 128 strikeouts in 143 1/3 innings. In 1993, he was inducted into the Cowboys Baseball Hall of Fame.


Minor league career

Horlen was signed by the Chicago White Sox in 1959. That year he pitched for the Lincoln Chiefs. The next season he pitched in Single-A for the Charleston White Sox, and had a 7–5 win–loss record with a 2.93 earned run average (ERA). He began 1961 pitching for the Triple-A San Diego Padres, for whom he was 12–9 with a 2.51 ERA.


Major league career


Chicago White Sox (1961–1971)

Horlen made his Major League debut against the
Minnesota Twins The Minnesota Twins are an American professional baseball team based in Minneapolis. The Twins compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) American League Central, Central Division. The team is named afte ...
in the second game of a September 4, 1961 doubleheader. He won the game in
relief Relief is a sculpture, sculptural method in which the sculpted pieces remain attached to a solid background of the same material. The term ''wikt:relief, relief'' is from the Latin verb , to raise (). To create a sculpture in relief is to give ...
while wearing a numberless uniform, as the only available road uniform did not have a number. Horlen pitched as a spot starter in his first two full seasons with the White Sox. In 1963, he returned to the minors to pitch four games for the Triple-A
Indianapolis Indians The Indianapolis Indians are a Minor League Baseball team of the International League (IL) and the Triple-A (baseball), Triple-A affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates. They are located in Indianapolis, Indiana, and play their home games at Victory ...
, going 3–0 with a 1.74 ERA. In 1964, he earned a spot in the starting rotation, posting a 13–9 record and setting career bests in ERA (1.88; second in the American League only to Dean Chance's 1.65) and strikeouts (138). He also led the majors by allowing only 6.07 hits per nine innings, bettering Sandy Koufax's National League-leading 6.22. In the next 42 years, only eight right-handed pitchers bettered that ratio in a season. He also led the AL in Walks + Hits per IP (WHIP) (.935), just .007 behind Koufax. That year his White Sox battled the
New York Yankees The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the Boroughs of New York City, New York City borough of the Bronx. The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Am ...
and Baltimore Orioles for the pennant, but finished second, one game behind the Yankees and one game ahead of the Orioles. Three of the top 10 ERA pitchers in the American League were White Sox (Horlen, Gary Peters, and Juan Pizarro), but the team batting average was .247, with only 106 home runs. In 1965, Horlen was second in the league in shutouts (four), and was third in walks/9 IP (1.60), with a 2.88 ERA. In 1966, he led the league in wild pitches (14), was sixth in hit batsmen (six), and was second in ERA (2.43) behind teammate Gary Peters. Horlen finished the 1967 season with a 19–7 record and led American League pitchers with a 2.06 ERA and six shutouts, was second in W-L percentage (.731), fourth in wins, complete games (13), and walks/9 IP (2.02), and 7th in innings pitched (258). He also led the AL in
walks plus hits per inning pitched In baseball statistics, walks plus hits per inning pitched (WHIP) is a Sabermetrics, sabermetric measurement of the number of Baserunning#Becoming a runner, baserunners a pitcher has allowed per Innings pitched, inning pitched. WHIP is calculate ...
(WHIP) (.953). He was named to the American League All-Star team for the only time in his career, but did not pitch in the game. On September 10, Horlen threw a no-hitter as the White Sox were involved in a four-way pennant race with the Twins,
Boston Red Sox The Boston Red Sox are an American professional baseball team based in Boston. The Red Sox compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) American League East, East Division. Founded in as one of the Ameri ...
, and
Detroit Tigers The Detroit Tigers are an American professional baseball team based in Detroit. The Tigers compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) American League Central, Central Division. One of the AL's eight chart ...
. The only Detroit player to reach base was Bill Freehan, who was hit by a Horlen pitch. Horlen recorded victories in his next three starts, including one five days later against the Twins. However, on September 27, which would be known by fans as "Black Wednesday", the lowly
Kansas City Athletics The Kansas City Athletics were a Major League Baseball team that played in Kansas City, Missouri, from 1955 to 1967, having previously played in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as the Philadelphia Athletics. After moving in 1967, the team became the ...
swept a doubleheader from the White Sox and effectively eliminated Eddie Stanky's "Hitless Wonders" (the White Sox led the Majors with a 2.45 earned run average but also posted a .225 batting average, with no regular batting above .250) from pennant contention. Horlen lost the second game, as 21-year-old Catfish Hunter shut out the White Sox 4–0. The two games were the last played by the Athletics in Kansas City before the team moved to Oakland for the start of the 1968 season. The White Sox finished fourth, three games behind the Red Sox who, after finishing next to last in 1966, won the pennant on the final day, finishing one game ahead of the Twins and Tigers. Horlen finished runner-up to Jim Lonborg, the star of the Red Sox staff, in the American League Cy Young Award balloting, and fourth in MVP voting, won by Boston's Carl Yastrzemski. In 1968 Horlen led the AL in hit batsmen (14). In 1970 he was fifth in bases on balls per nine innings pitched (2.14). In 1971, he had knee surgery early in the season. In spring training of 1972, the White Sox released Horlen.


Oakland Athletics (1972)

Horlen later signed with Oakland, and pitched mostly in relief as the Athletics won the 1972 World Series. During the regular season he pitched in 32 games, with a 3–4 record. He pitched 1.1 innings in relief in one World Series game, the only World Series appearance in his career, and was not involved in the decision. This would be the final major league game of his career. He had been the losing pitcher in Game 4 of the 1972 American League Championship Series against the
Detroit Tigers The Detroit Tigers are an American professional baseball team based in Detroit. The Tigers compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) American League Central, Central Division. One of the AL's eight chart ...
. He entered the game as a relief pitcher in the bottom of the 10th inning, with the A's leading 3–1. The Tigers had runners on first and second base. Horlen threw a wild pitch and then gave up a base on balls to Gates Brown loading the bases. The next batter hit a ground ball that could have been a double play, but the A's had inexperienced Gene Tenace at second base who mishandled the throw from third baseman Sal Bando allowing a run to score, and leading to Horlen's removal from the game. Horlen's replacement was ineffective and Brown eventually scored the winning run for the Tigers, placing the loss on Horlen.


After the major leagues

In 1973 he pitched for the Double-A San Antonio Brewers, going 6–1 with a 2.87 ERA. In 1989, Horlen played for the St. Lucie Legends of the Senior Professional Baseball Association. In 2004, he was inducted into the San Antonio Sports Hall of Fame. In 1981, Horlen converted to Judaism when he married Lois Eisenstein. In 2017, it was announced that he had
Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events. As the disease advances, symptoms can include problems wit ...
. He died on April 10, 2022, at the age of 84.Joel Edward Horlen
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See also

* List of Major League Baseball annual ERA leaders * List of Major League Baseball no-hitters


References


External links


Boxscore of Horlen's 1967 no-hitterOral History Interview with Joel Horlen
Oklahoma Oral History Research Program at the OSU Library {{DEFAULTSORT:Horlen, Joe 1937 births 2022 deaths American League All-Stars American League ERA champions Baseball players from San Antonio Charleston White Sox players Chicago White Sox players Converts to Judaism Indianapolis Indians players Jewish American baseball players Lincoln Chiefs players Major League Baseball pitchers Oakland Athletics players Oklahoma State Cowboys baseball players San Antonio Brewers players San Diego Padres (minor league) players St. Lucie Legends players 21st-century American Jews 20th-century American sportsmen