Job Throckmorton (Throkmorton) (1545–1601) was a

Puritan The Puritans were English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to rid the Church of England of what they considered to be Roman Catholic practices, maintaining that the Church of England had not been fully reformed and should b ...

English religious pamphleteer and Member of Parliament during the reign of Queen

Elizabeth I Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was List of English monarchs, Queen of England and List of Irish monarchs, Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. She was the last and longest reigning monarch of the House of Tudo ...

. Possibly with

John Penry John Penry (1563 – 29 May 1593) was executed for high treason during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. He is Wales' most famous Protestant Separatist martyr. Early life Penry was born in Brecknockshire, Wales; Cefn Brith, a farm near Llangamma ...

and John Udall, he authored the

Martin Marprelate Martin Marprelate (sometimes printed as Martin Mar-prelate and Marre–Martin) was the name used by the anonymous author or authors of the seven Marprelate tracts that circulated illegally in England in the years 1588 and 1589. Their principal ...

anonymous anti-clerical satires; scholarly consensus now makes him the main author.Dorothy Auchter, ''Dictionary of Literary and Dramatic Censorship in Tudor and Stuart England'' (2001), p. 231.

Life

Throckmorton was of the

Warwickshire Warwickshire (; abbreviated Warks) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the West Midlands (region), West Midlands of England. It is bordered by Staffordshire and Leicestershire to the north, Northamptonshire to the east, Ox ...

gentry, resident at

Haseley Haseley is a small village and former civil parish in Warwickshire, England. It is four miles north-west of the county town of Warwick and south-east of Solihull, now in the parish of Beausale, Haseley, Honiley and Wroxall, created on 1 Apri ...

, the son of a land-owning Member of Parliament, Clement Throckmorton, and nephew of the influential diplomat

Sir Nicholas Throckmorton Sir Nicholas Throckmorton (or Throgmorton; c. 1515/151612 February 1571) was an English diplomat and politician, who was an ambassador to France and later Scotland, and played a key role in the relationship between Elizabeth I of England ...

. He was educated at

Queen's College, Oxford The Queen's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, England. The college was founded in 1341 by Robert de Eglesfield in honour of Philippa of Hainault, queen of England. It is distinguished by its predominantly neoclassi ...

, graduating in 1566. He served as Member of Parliament for

East Retford East is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from west and is the direction from which the Sunrise, Sun rises on the Earth. Etymology As in other languages, the word is formed from the fact ...

from 1572 to 1583, and Member of Parliament for

Warwick Warwick ( ) is a market town, civil parish and the county town of Warwickshire in the Warwick District in England, adjacent to the River Avon, Warwickshire, River Avon. It is south of Coventry, and south-east of Birmingham. It is adjoined wit ...

from 1586–87 (Queen Elizabeth I's

4th Fourth or the fourth may refer to: * the ordinal form of the number 4 * ''Fourth'' (album), by Soft Machine, 1971 * Fourth (angle), an ancient astronomical subdivision * Fourth (music), a musical interval * ''The Fourth'', a 1972 Soviet drama ...

and 6th parliaments, respectively). In 1587 Throckmorton and Edward Dunn Lee presented to Parliament a petition of

, on preaching in Wales. It caused Penry to be arrested by

John Whitgift John Whitgift (c. 1530 – 29 February 1604) was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1583 to his death. Noted for his hospitality, he was somewhat ostentatious in his habits, sometimes visiting Canterbury and other towns attended by a retinue of 8 ...

. The seven Marprelate pamphlets appeared late in 1588. Leland Carlson has argued strongly for Throckmorton as the sole author. This was not universally agreed-upon; for example, author Ritchie Kendall suggested that at least some of the Marprelate pamphlets could have been the work of a committee of authors. However, in more recent years, scholarly consensus has more or less emerged that Throckmorton was the primary author. For example, Joseph Black asserted in his annotated edition of the pamphlets that Throckmorton was the primary author, assisted by Penry. Throkmorton's pamphlets ''Master Some laid open in his colours'' and were printed in

La Rochelle La Rochelle (, , ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''La Rochéle'') is a city on the west coast of France and a seaport on the Bay of Biscay, a part of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the capital of the Charente-Maritime Departments of France, department. Wi ...

in 1589. The former was a reply to

Robert Some Robert Some (Soame) (1542–1609) was an English churchman and academic. Master of Peterhouse, Cambridge from 1589, Some played a prominent part in the ecclesiastical controversies of his time, taking a middle course, hostile alike to extreme Purit ...

, author of ''A Godly Treatise ... Touching the Ministerie, Sacraments, and the Church'', who in 1589 became Master of

Peterhouse, Cambridge Peterhouse is the oldest Colleges of the University of Cambridge, constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England, founded in 1284 by Hugh de Balsham, Bishop of Ely. Peterhouse has around 300 undergraduate and 175 graduate stud ...

. In 1590 Throckmorton was held on a treason charge, which he escaped narrowly. He was attacked by

Matthew Sutcliffe Matthew Sutcliffe (1550? – 1629) was an English clergyman, academic and lawyer. He became Dean of Exeter, and wrote extensively on religious matters as a controversialist. He served as chaplain to His Majesty King James I of England. H ...

, Dean of Exeter in (1592), as a Marprelate author. His denial appeared in 1594 as ''The Defence of Job Throkmorton, against the slaunders of Maister Sutcliffe'', and the controversy continued. Towards the end of his life he was close to

John Dod John Dod (c. 1549 – 1645), known as "Decalogue Dod", was a non-conforming English clergyman, taking his nickname for his emphasis on the Ten Commandments. He is known for his widely circulated writings. Although he lost one means of livelihood ...

, and moved to

Canons Ashby Canons Ashby is a small village and civil parish in West Northamptonshire, England. The population of the village is included in the civil parish of Preston Capes. Its most notable building is Canons Ashby House, a National Trust property. ...

Works

*Marprelate Pamphlets (suspected author), Warwickshire #''Oh Read Over Dr. John Bridges – The Epistle'' (October 1588) #''Oh Read Over Dr. John Bridges – The Epitome'' (November 1588) #''Certain Mineral and Metaphysical Schoolpoints'' (20 February 1589) #''Hay any Work for Cooper'' (March 1589) #''Theses Martinianæ'' (22 July 1589) #''The Just Censure and Reproof of Martin Junior'' (29 July 1589) #''The Protestation of Martin Marprelate'' (September 1589) *''Master Some laid open in his colours'' (La Rochelle, 1589) *''A Dialogue in which is plainely laid open the tyrannical dealing of the Lord Bishopps'' (La Rochelle, 1589) *(Suspected author) ''A Petition directed to her Most Excellent Majestie, wherein Is Delivered 1. A Meane Howe to Compound the Civill Dissention in the Church of England. 2. A Proofe that They Who Write for Reformation Doe Not Offend against the Statute of 23 Elizabeth, c. and Therefore till Matters Bee Compounded, DeserveMore favour'' (Middelburg, 1592)Patterson, p. 70 *''The Defence of Job Throkmorton, against the slaunders of Maister Sutcliffe'' (1594)

External links

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Throckmorton, Job 1545 births 1601 deaths

Job Work, labor (labour in Commonwealth English), occupation or job is the intentional activity people perform to support the needs and desires of themselves, other people, or organizations. In the context of economics, work can be seen as the huma ...

17th-century English writers 17th-century English male writers English religious writers 16th-century English writers 16th-century English male writers Alumni of the Queen's College, Oxford People from Warwickshire English MPs 1572–1583 English MPs 1586–1587