Jinxiu (; ) is a county of eastern

Guangxi Guangxi,; officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the China, People's Republic of China, located in South China and bordering Vietnam (Hà Giang Province, Hà Giang, Cao Bằn ...

, China, located in an area of relatively high concentrations of the

Yao people The Yao people () or Dao () is a classification for various ethnic minorities in China and Vietnam. Their majority branch is also known as Mien. They originated in the areas around Changsha, which today is the capital of Hunan province. They s ...

. It is administered as the Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County of Laibin City. Established in 1952, with the name of Dayaoshan Autonomous Zone, in 1966, it was renamed as Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County. It has an area of , much of it mountainous, and a population in 2004 of approximately 150,000.

Administrative divisions

The county administers 3 towns and 7 townships: Towns: * Jinxiu (), Tongmu (), Toupai () Townships: *

Sanjiao Township Sanjiao may refer to: * San Jiao, term in traditional Chinese medicine * Sanjiao, Meizhou, town Meizhou, Guangdong, China * Sanjiao, Zhongshan, town in Zhongshan, Guangdong, China *Three teachings In Chinese philosophy, the ''three teachings' ...

(), Zhongliang Township (), Luoxiang Township (), Changdong Township (), Dazhang Township (), Liuxiang Township (), Sanjiang Township ()

Ethnic groups

Practically isolated from the outside world until the 1930s, Jinxiu was inhabited by five different branches of Yao: Chashan 茶山, Ao 坳, Hualan 花蓝, Pan 盘, and Shanzi 山子. The first three branches (Chashan 茶山, Ao 坳, Hualan 花蓝) were considered the owners of the lands, as the dates of their first arrivals are estimated at around 1,000 years ago. They lived in settled villages and enjoyed some economic stability. The Pan 盘 and Shanzi 山子 are more recent arrivals, and they lived as tenants of the other established Yao people, living a nomadic life that did not allow them to accumulate many material possessions.

Languages

The languages spoken by each five Yao groups are as follows (L.-Thongkum 1993). Unless indicated otherwise, all locations are in Jinxiu County. *Chashan 茶山 (La Jia 拉架广西瑶族社会历史调查 (2009).): Lakkja (a Tai-Kadai language); spoken in Jinxiu township *Ao 坳 (Qiong Lie 穹咧): Bjao Muen; a divergent language spoken in Hengcun 横村, Liucang, and Luoxiang 罗香. The speakers claim to have migrated from

Guizhou ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_map = Guizhou in China (+all claims hatched).svg , mapsize = 275px , map_alt = Map showing the location of Guizhou Province , map_caption = Map s ...

before they settled in Jinxiu County. *Hualan 花蓝 (Biao Men 俵门): Ciəmdi Mun (West Mun); spoken in parts of Jinxiu County, with similar dialects in Naxin and Pingli in

Baise Baise ( zh, c=百色, p=Bǎisè, Bósè; local pronunciation: ), or Bose, is the westernmost prefecture-level city of Guangxi, China bordering Vietnam as well as the provinces of Guizhou and Yunnan. The city has a population of 4.3 million, of wh ...

*Pan 盘 (Mian 棉): Iu Mien; spoken in Shibajia, Jingui'ao 金龟坳, and Fenzhan 奋战; also in Gunhuai,

; an East Mien dialect of Xin'an 新安 and Nadui 纳兑 in Lipu County; and a North Mien dialect of Longwei 龙尾村,

Yangshuo County Yangshuo County () is a county under the jurisdiction of Guilin City, in the northeast of Guangxi, China. Its seat is located in Yangshuo Town. Surrounded by karst peaks and bordered on one side by the Li River, it is served by bus and by boat f ...

*Shanzi 山子 (Men 门): Kimdi Mun (East Mun); spoken in Guzhan 古占 and Wangluan Additionally,

Jiongnai Kiong Nai (or Jiongnai, ) is a divergent Hmongic (Miao) language spoken in Jinxiu County, Guangxi, China. The speakers' autonym Autonym may refer to: * Autonym, the name used by a person to refer to themselves or their language; see Exonym a ...

is spoken in Liuxiang 六巷乡, and Longhua 龙化村 of Changdong 长垌乡. Mao Zongwu (2004) notes that Jiongnai speakers are also given the exonym "Hualan Yao" 花蓝瑶. L.-Thongkum (1993:170) proposes the following classification scheme for the languages of the four Mienic-speaking groups, which go back to what she calls the ''Proto-Mjuenic'' language. *Proto-Mjuenic ** Mun ***West Mun andian Yao 蓝靛瑶***East Mun hanzi Yao 山子瑶**(Mien-Muen) ***Muen o Yao 坳瑶***

Mien The Yao people () or Dao () is a classification for various ethnic minorities in China and Vietnam. Their majority branch is also known as Mien. They originated in the areas around Changsha, which today is the capital of Hunan province. They s ...

an Yao 盘瑶****North Mien ****East Mien, West MienAlso spoken in

Chiang Rai Province Chiang Rai (, ; , ) is one of Thailand's seventy-six Provinces of Thailand, provinces that lies in Northern Thailand#Regional classification of northern Thailand, upper northern Thailand and is Thailand's northernmost province. It is bordered ...

Thailand Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 66 million, it spa ...

Climate

Notes

References

External links

{{authority control County-level divisions of Guangxi Yao autonomous counties Laibin