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Jalinus (also spelled Jilunus) was a 7th-century Armenian dynast, who was one of the leading figures in Sasanian Iran. He was the commander of the guard over
Khosrow II Khosrow II (spelled Chosroes II in classical sources; pal, 𐭧𐭥𐭮𐭫𐭥𐭣𐭩, Husrō), also known as Khosrow Parviz (New Persian: , "Khosrow the Victorious"), is considered to be the last great Sasanian king (shah) of Iran, ruling fr ...
, during the latter's imprisonment. Jalinus was a Sasanian commander during the
Arab conquest of Iran The Muslim conquest of Persia, also known as the Arab conquest of Iran, was carried out by the Rashidun Caliphate from 633 to 654 AD and led to the fall of the Sasanian Empire as well as the eventual decline of the Zoroastrian religion. The ...
.


Background and identity

The name of ''Jalinus'' is the Arabic form of his original, Greek name, Galen. According to Pourshariati, the name was most likely not his personal name, but a title of his. He was probably one of the Armenian dynasty that became entangled in Sasanian history. He may have been the same person as Mushegh III Mamikonian or Gregory of Siwnik, who both also served the Sasanians in the early 7th-century.


Biography

Jalinus is first mentioned as the commander over
Khosrow II Khosrow II (spelled Chosroes II in classical sources; pal, 𐭧𐭥𐭮𐭫𐭥𐭣𐭩, Husrō), also known as Khosrow Parviz (New Persian: , "Khosrow the Victorious"), is considered to be the last great Sasanian king (shah) of Iran, ruling fr ...
, during the latter's imprisonment in 628. Although Khosrow had been overthrown and imprisoned by his son Kavad II Sheroe, he was still treated like a monarch, with Jalinus even addressing him with the formula ''anōšag buwād'' ("may he be immortal"). After his defeat at the battle of Kaskar, Jalinus was sent by Yazdegerd III to crush the invading Arab forces along with 60,000 men and the commander-in-chief of all armies of the empire, Rostam Farrokhzād at the
Battle of al-Qādisiyyah The Battle of al-Qadisiyyah ( ar, مَعْرَكَة ٱلْقَادِسِيَّة, Maʿrakah al-Qādisīyah; fa, نبرد قادسیه, Nabard-e Qâdisiyeh) was an armed conflict which took place in 636 CE between the Rashidun Caliphate and the ...
. Jalinus commanded the Right center of the army. After Rostam's death at the battle and the other commanders' withdrawal, Jalinus took command of what was left of the Sasanian army. He gained control of the bridgehead, and succeeded in getting the bulk of the Sasanian army across the bridge safely. He was killed at the battle of al-Qadisiyyah.Parvaneh Pourshariati, 157.


References


Sources

* * {{cite book , last = Pourshariati , first = Parvaneh , title = Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran , location = London and New York , publisher = I.B. Tauris , year = 2008 , isbn = 978-1-84511-645-3 , url = https://books.google.com/books?id=I-xtAAAAMAAJ 7th-century Armenian people Generals of Yazdegerd III Armenian nobility 636 deaths Year of birth unknown Armenian people from the Sasanian Empire Generals of Kavad II