Jibei Kingdom ( zh, 濟北國) was a kingdom of
Han dynasty
The Han dynasty was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China (202 BC9 AD, 25–220 AD) established by Liu Bang and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–206 BC ...
, in present-day northern
Shandong
Shandong is a coastal Provinces of China, province in East China. Shandong has played a major role in Chinese history since the beginning of Chinese civilization along the lower reaches of the Yellow River. It has served as a pivotal cultural ...
and southern
Hebei
Hebei is a Provinces of China, province in North China. It is China's List of Chinese administrative divisions by population, sixth-most populous province, with a population of over 75 million people. Shijiazhuang is the capital city. It bor ...
.
The kingdom was first established on the lands of
Qi in 178 BC for
Liu Xingju, son of
Liu Fei, Prince of Qi
Liu Fei (), formally King Daohui of Qi (; died November 190 BC) was the eldest son of Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han, and Consort Cao—initially his mistress when they lived in the same village. After Liu Bang decisively defeated Xiang Yu in t ...
, King of Qi. In 177 BC, Xingju committed suicide after a failed attempt of rebellion, and Jibei was merged back to Qi. In 164 BC, Jibei again became a kingdom under Liu Zhi (劉志), another son of Fei. After the
Rebellion of the Seven States
The Rebellion of the Seven States or Revolt of the Seven Kingdoms ( zh, s=七国之乱, t=七國之亂, p=Qī Guózhī Luàn) took place in 154 BC against the rule of Emperor Jing of Han dynasty by its regional semi-autonomous kings, to resist ...
, Zhi was stripped of his fief, and part of Jibei was transferred to Liu Bo (劉勃), a former Prince of Hengshan (衡山) and son of Liu Chang (劉長),
Prince of Huainan
Huainan Kingdom was a kingdom of China's Han dynasty, located in what is now parts of Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei provinces.
History
The title "King (or Prince) of Huainan" was first created in 202BC by Liu Bang, King of Han, for Ying Bu, the for ...
(淮南), while the rest was separated to become
Pingyuan Commandery
Pingyuan Commandery ( zh, 平原郡) was a historical commandery of China, existing from Han dynasty to Tang dynasty. It was centered around present-day northwestern Shandong province.
The commandery was carved out of the Jibei Kingdom during Em ...
. Bo and his descendants held Jibei until 86 BC. Afterwards, the kingdom was abolished and merged into
Taishan Commandery Taishan Commandery ( zh, 泰山郡) was a historical commandery of China in present-day Shandong province, existing from Han dynasty to Sui dynasty.
Taishan Commandery was created in 122 BC, when the king of Jibei offered the land surrounding Moun ...
.
Jibei Kingdom was established for a second time in 90 AD, and granted to Liu Shou (劉壽), son of
Emperor Zhang. The kingdom lasted to the end of Eastern Han. Jibei was subsequently converted to a
commandery
In the Middle Ages, a commandery (rarely commandry) was the smallest administrative division of the European landed properties of a military order. It was also the name of the house where the knights of the commandery lived.Anthony Luttrell and G ...
, though it would again become the fief of various imperial princes during
Cao Wei
Wei () was one of the major Dynasties in Chinese history, dynastic states in China during the Three Kingdoms period. The state was established in 220 by Cao Pi based upon the foundations laid by his father Cao Cao during the end of the Han dy ...
and
Western Jin
Western may refer to:
Places
*Western, Nebraska, a village in the US
* Western, New York, a town in the US
* Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia
* Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia
*Western world, countries that ...
dynasties. In 140 AD, the kingdom consisted of 5 counties, Lu (盧), Sheqiu (蛇丘), Gang (剛), Cheng (成) and
Chiping (茌平). The population was 235,897, or 45,689 households.
['']Book of Later Han
The ''Book of the Later Han'', also known as the ''History of the Later Han'' and by its Chinese name ''Hou Hanshu'' (), is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE, a period known as the Late ...
'', Chapter 111.
Kings of Jibei
*
Liu Xingju, 178–177 BC;
* Liu Zhi (志), 164–154 BC;
* Liu Bo (勃), King Zhen (貞) of Jibei, 154–152 BC;
* Liu Hu (胡), King Cheng (成) of Jibei, 151–97 BC;
* Liu Kuan (寬), 97–86 BC;
* Liu Shou (壽), King Hui (惠) of Jibei, 90–121;
* Liu Deng (登), King Jie (節) of Jibei, 121–136;
* Liu Duo (多), King Ai (哀) of Jibei, 136–139;
* Liu Anguo (安國), King Li (釐) of Jibei, 139–146;
* Liu Ci (次), King Xiao (孝) of Jibei, 146–163;
* Liu Luan (鸞), 163–198;
* Liu Zheng (政), 198–206;
* Liu Miao (邈), 212–220.
References
{{Han dynasty provinces
Kingdoms of the Han dynasty