The

Jhapa Jhapa District (; ) is a district of Koshi Province in eastern Nepal named after a Rajbanshi Surjapuri language word "Jhapa", meaning "to cover" (verb). The 2021 Nepal Census, puts the total population of the district at 994,090. The total a ...

rebellion was an attempted peasant uprising that took place in

district of

Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...

in 1969. A conflict between landowners and tenants began after the land reforms program announced by then

King Mahendra Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev (; 11 June 1920 – 31 January 1972) was King of Nepal from 13 March 1955 until his death in 1972. He led the 1960 Nepal coup d'état, 1960 coup d'état, in which he dismissed the government, jailed other political ...

in 1964. The essence of this reform program was to set an upper bound for land ownership and establish tenant rights over land use, but the landowners refused to honor the documents, enraging the farmer who were the tenants. The

Communist Party of Nepal The Communist Party of Nepal (), abbreviated CPN, was a communist party in Nepal from 1949 to 1962. It was founded on 15 September 1949 to struggle against the autocratic Rana regime, feudalism, and imperialism. The founding general secretary ...

(CPN) channelized the farmer disappointment into a political uprising that came to be known as the Jhapa Revolt. This revolt was inspired by

Naxalbari uprising The Naxalbari uprising was an armed peasant revolt in 1967 in the Naxalbari block of Siliguri subdivision in Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India. It was mainly led by tribals and the radical communist leaders of Bengal and further develop ...

of India.

Naxalbari Naxalbari ( Bengali: ''Nôkśālbāṛi'', ; also spelled Naksalbari) is a village in the Naxalbari CD block in the Siliguri subdivision of the Darjeeling district in the state of West Bengal, India. Naxalbari is known for being the site of ...

was strategically situated at the tri-junction of

Bangladesh Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world and among the List of countries and dependencies by ...

(the then

East Pakistan East Pakistan was the eastern province of Pakistan between 1955 and 1971, restructured and renamed from the province of East Bengal and covering the territory of the modern country of Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India and Burma, wit ...

) and

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

. Jhapa rebellion paved way for popular political figures like K.P. Oli, C.P. Mainali,

Mohan Chandra Adhikari Mohan Chandra Adhikari () is a former communist politician in Nepal. He is from a Brahmin family in Morang District. Adhikari studied B.A., but didn't appear in the final exams. Adhikari had been a follower of Pushpa Lal Shrestha, but turned more ...

, etc. in Nepalese politics. The government of Nepal attempted to suppress the rebellion and the large number of rebellions were arrested. Among them some of were illegally killed by the police forces, sending them in a dense jungle Sukhani, under the false pretext of a jail transfer, in order to suppress the rebellion and to stop it from turning into a full blown revolution.

References

{{reflist Peasant revolts in Asia 20th-century rebellions Politics of Nepal 1969 in Nepal