Jean-Nicolas Marjolin (6 December 1780 – 4 March 1850) was a French surgeon and

pathologist Pathology is the study of disease. The word ''pathology'' also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices. However, when used in the context of modern medical treatme ...

born in

Ray-sur-Saône Ray-sur-Saône (, literally ''Ray on Saône'') is a commune in the Haute-Saône department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. See also *Communes of the Haute-Saône department The following is a list of the 536 comm ...

Haute-Saône Haute-Saône (; Frainc-Comtou: ''Hâte-Saône''; English: Upper Saône) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of northeastern France. Named after the river Saône, it had a population of 235,313 in 2019.

. His name is associated with a malady known as

Marjolin's ulcer Marjolin's ulcer refers to an aggressive Ulcer (dermatology), ulcerating squamous cell carcinoma presenting in an area of previously Physical trauma, traumatized, chronically inflamed, or scarred skin.Freedberg, et al. (2003). ''Fitzpatrick's Derma ...

. After a brief stint in the French military, he attached himself to a physician, a friend of the family who allowed Marjolin to attend Commercy Hospital as a student. In 1800 he relocated to Paris with a letter of recommendation from Alexis Boyer (1757–1833). Here he became a favoured disciple of

Guillaume Dupuytren Guillaume Dupuytren, Baron Dupuytren (, , ; 5 October 1777 – 8 February 1835) was a French anatomist and military surgeon. Although he gained much esteem for treating Napoleon Bonaparte's hemorrhoids he is best known today for his description ...

(1777–1835). In 1803 he gained his internship, followed by promotions as an

anatomy Anatomy () is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old scien ...

assistant (1805) and

prosector A prosector is a person with the special task of preparing a dissection for demonstration, usually in medical schools or hospitals. Many important anatomists began their careers as prosectors working for lecturers and demonstrators in anatomy and ...

(1806). In 1808 he earned his medical doctorate, and two years later opened an

amphitheater An amphitheatre ( U.S. English: amphitheater) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from the ancient Greek ('), from ('), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and ('), meaning "place for vie ...

on Rue des Rats (today- Rue Colbert). Here he taught classes that numbered more than 200 pupils. In 1816 he was appointed second surgeon at the

Hôtel-Dieu de Paris In French-speaking countries, a hôtel-Dieu () was originally a hospital for the poor and needy, run by the Catholic Church. Nowadays these buildings or institutions have either kept their function as a hospital, the one in Paris being the oldest an ...

with Dupuytren as departmental head. By this time Marjolin's relationship with Dupuytren had soured, eventually leading to bitter hatred between the two men. In 1818 he was chosen professor of external

pathology Pathology is the study of disease. The word ''pathology'' also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices. However, when used in the context of modern medical treatme ...

ahead of esteemed candidates that included

Philibert Joseph Roux Philibert Joseph Roux (April 26, 1780 – March 24, 1854) was a French surgeon born in Auxerre. Trained as a military surgeon, he later moved to Paris, where he was a student and friend of Xavier Bichat (1771–1802). In 1806, he became ...

(1780–1854),

Dominique Larrey Dominique Jean, Baron Larrey (8 July 1766 – 25 July 1842) was a French surgeon and soldier best known for his service in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. An important innovator in battlefield medicine and triage, Larrey invented t ...

(1766–1842) and

Jules Germain Cloquet Jules Germain Cloquet (18 December 1790 – 23 February 1883) was a French physician and surgeon who was born and practiced medicine in Paris. His older brother, Hippolyte Cloquet (1787-1840) and his younger nephew Ernest Cloquet (1818-1855) ...

(1790–1883). For the next thirty two years he maintained the chair of external pathology. His final days were spent in retirement at

Clichy Clichy may refer to: * Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine, a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris Other places in or near Paris * Canton of Clichy, a Hauts-de-Seine administrative division, of which the commune of Clichy is the seat * Clichy-sous-B ...

, where he pursued his hobby attending to trees and flowers. In 1820 he became a member of the ''

Académie de Médecine An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded approximately 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the go ...

'', and in 1830 was chosen consultant surgeon to

Louis-Philippe Louis Philippe I (6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850), nicknamed the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, the penultimate monarch of France, and the last French monarch to bear the title "King". He abdicated from his throne ...

. His son, René, married Cornelia Scheffer, daughter of painter

Ary Scheffer Ary Scheffer (10 February 179515 June 1858) was a Dutch-French Romantic painter. He was known mostly for his works based on literature, with paintings based on the works of Dante, Goethe, Lord Byron and Walter Scott, Macmillan, Duncan (2023), ' ...

(1795–1858).

Publications

* ''Manuel d'Anatomie'' (1815); a manual for his students to assist them with

dissections Dissection (from Latin ' "to cut to pieces"; also called anatomization) is the dismembering of the body of a deceased animal or plant to study its anatomical structure. Autopsy is used in pathology and forensic medicine to determine the cause of ...

. * ''Cours de Pathlogie Chirurgicale'' (1837), one volume * contributed over thirty articles to the ''Nouveau Dictionnaire Médical'' (1821)

References

* ''This article is based on an equivalent article on Jean-Nicolas Marjolin from the

French Wikipedia The French Wikipedia () is the French-language edition of Wikipedia, the free online encyclopedia. This edition was started on 23 March 2001, two months after the official creation of Wikipedia. It has :fr:Special:Statistics, encyclopedia artic ...

'', namely: ** Rochard J. Histoire de la Chirurgie Française au XIX° siècle Paris, Baillère 1875 (pages 170–172). ** Corlieu A. Centenaire de la Faculté de Médecine de Paris (1794–1894) Paris, Masson 1896. ** Genty M. Jean-Nicolas Marjolin dans Les Biographies médicales n° 7 (juillet 1934) Paris J-B. Baillièreet Fils ** de Fourmestraux I. Histoire de la chirurgie française de 1790 à 1920 Paris 1934 (pages 46–47). ** Le Progrès Médical 1942 n° 9–10 page 135. {{DEFAULTSORT:Marjolin, Jean-Nicolas French surgeons 1780 births 1850 deaths People from Haute-Saône French pathologists Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery