Jean-Marie Renaud (1753 – 16 February 1805) was a French Navy officer. He is mainly known as the commander at the
Battle of Île Ronde
The Battle of Île Ronde was fought between a French Navy and Royal Navy squadron off Isle de France on 22 October 1794 during the War of the First Coalition. It was fought over control of the waters around Isle de France, which was under bloc ...
.
Career
With the rank of
Captain
Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader or highest rank officer of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police depa ...
, Renaud commanded the India station, comprising the frigates
''Prudente'' and
''Cybèle'', under Captain
Tréhouart, as well as the brig
''Coureur'', under Lieutenant Garaud.
In October 1794,
île de France
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Ile
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was blockaded by the British 50-gun
''Centurion'', under Captain Samuel Osborne, and the 44-gun frigate
''Diomede'', under Captain Matthew Smith. Renaud expressed the opinion that, since the British division was too strong to be defeated outright, he should attempt to inflict such damage to its ships that is would be forced to retreat for repairs and abandon the blockade. Taking responsibility for the operation in his own hands, Governor Malartic ordered Renaud to execute his plan. Backed by local privateers and its crews reinforced by volunteers, the French division attacked, yielding the
action of 22 October 1794
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, in which Renaud's plan succeeded. The
National Convention
The National Convention () was the constituent assembly of the Kingdom of France for one day and the French First Republic for its first three years during the French Revolution, following the two-year National Constituent Assembly and the ...
voted that the French volunteers from île de France and Réunion, and Renaud's division, had ''
bien mérité de la Patrie''.
In 1795, the corvette
''Pélagie'', under Lieutenant Latour-Cassanhiol, joined Renaud's division.
In 1799, Renaud was in charge of the naval station of Guyane, comprising the corvettes
''Aréthuse'' and
''Mutine'', under Lieutenant Reybaud.
In 1800, Renaud was in command of the frigate
''Sirène''. He battled two British frigates, and sailed to Cayenne to ferry Commissioner
Victor Hugues
Jean-Baptiste Victor Hugues (July 20, 1762 – August 12, 1826) was a French politician and colonial administrator who served as the governor of Guadeloupe from 1794 to 1798. He is best known for his actions during the French Revolutionary Wars ...
.
[Guérin, vol.6, p.211]
In 1804, Renaud had been promoted to captain and commanded the heavy frigate
''Ville de Milan''. On 16 February, he encountered the British frigate
HMS ''Cleopatra'', and was killed in the ensuing action.
Citations
References
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Renaud, Jean-Marie
French military personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
18th-century births
1805 deaths
French Navy officers