Jasb
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Jasb Rural District () is in the Central District of
Delijan County Delijan County () is in Markazi province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Delijan. Demographics Population At the time of the 2006 National Census, the county's population was 43,388 in 12,578 households. The following census in 2011 cou ...
,
Markazi province Markazi province () is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Arak. The present borders of the province date to 1977, when the province was split into the current Markazi and Tehran provinces, with portions being annexed b ...
,
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...
. Its capital is the village of
Vesquneqan Vesquneqan () is a village in, and the capital of, Jasb Rural District of the Central District of Delijan County, Markazi province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in ...
.


History

The history of Jasb can be traced back to the
Sassanid The Sasanian Empire (), officially Eranshahr ( , "Empire of the Iranian peoples, Iranians"), was an List of monarchs of Iran, Iranian empire that was founded and ruled by the House of Sasan from 224 to 651. Enduring for over four centuries, th ...
era. The story told by the village elders is that during the reign of Shah Ardeshir I, the Shah's cavalry were led into the greener pastures of the valley so that the horses could graze on the abundant greenery and could also drink from the Azna stream. Gradually as the visits from the cavalry became more frequent it was decided that nine shelters would be built in the valley so that the herders of the horses could stay overnight at various places. Eventually these nine shelters became permanently inhabited by the herders and their families and slowly grew into villages of their own. During the 2,000 years of permanent occupation two of the shelters were abandoned due to the inability to grow food on the nearby land. One of these was located west of Kerogan and some traces are still visible; the other was located downstream of Bijegan, and due to the periodic flooding of the river, all traces have been washed away. As time passed, only seven villages remained, which they do until this day. The first structures were built close to the
Qanat A qanāt () or kārīz () is a water supply system that was developed in ancient Iran for the purpose of transporting usable water to the surface from an aquifer or a well through an underground aqueduct. Originating approximately 3,000 years ...
s so that there would be a constant water supply to the fields and for household use. As the villages grew in size the construction of buildings occurred on stone-built terraces, which sloped sharply towards the river. Since the river could flood quickly during heavy rains, much time and labour were devoted to the maintenance of damaged terraces. Usually the houses would be built uphill from the river and the fields grown on the terraces downhill towards the river.


Demographics


Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 1,373 in 552 households. There were 1,236 inhabitants in 529 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 1,302 in 527 households. The most populous of its nine villages was
Varan is a fictional monster, or ''kaiju'', that first appeared in Ishirō Honda's 1958 film '' Varan the Unbelievable'', produced and distributed by Toho. The creature is depicted as a giant, dinosaurian, prehistoric reptile capable of gliding flig ...
, with 415 people.


Geography

On the northern side of Jasb Valley, Zur and Varan are the major villages dating back 577 B.C. On the southern side of the valley, Vesqunequn, Veshtekan, and Isaac shrine. The valley itself is fed by the solitary Azna river which receives most of its water from the runoff of surrounding
Qanat A qanāt () or kārīz () is a water supply system that was developed in ancient Iran for the purpose of transporting usable water to the surface from an aquifer or a well through an underground aqueduct. Originating approximately 3,000 years ...
s; the valley is surrounded by mountains which form a U-shaped range. The highest peak is the Kuh-e-Velijeya rising to . Other noticeable peaks that rise over 3000 metres are, in order, Kuh-e-Gorg, Kuh-e-Ghalid , Kuh-e-Palangast , Kuh-e-Salahlat ; however, these mountains rise from a valley level of 2200 metres. Jasb Valley has potentials to own a ski resort, a natural pool, and downslope skiing.


Culture

The villages in Jasb are traditional Iranian rural farming villages. The farms are irrigated through a system of open aqueducts which are fed by waters of the nearby
Qanat A qanāt () or kārīz () is a water supply system that was developed in ancient Iran for the purpose of transporting usable water to the surface from an aquifer or a well through an underground aqueduct. Originating approximately 3,000 years ...
s. The waters of the qanats are used during summer and spring when farming is at its most active. During the bitter cold months of winter when temperatures can reach as low as -30 °C with several metres of snow falling, no farming is undertaken as the cold weather does not allow any plant life to grow. From 1870 to 1872, during the famine, a local figure named Hossein Sokeneh orchestrated an army of local volunteers to gather food, cook;and serve to the sickest, most neediest folks in great need.
Persian Carpet A Persian carpet ( ), Persian rug ( ),Savory, R., ''Carpets'',(Encyclopaedia Iranica); accessed 30 January 2007. or Iranian carpet is a heavy textile made for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purposes and produced in Iran (histo ...
making is next in importance to farming and throughout the years there have been hundreds of precious carpets made by the local women population. Unknown to the newer generations, during the hard, cold winters, the residence of Jasb used to help one another under the supervision of Hossein Sokeneh. Sokeneh's person was ungainly. He was six feet five inches in height; a little stooped in the shoulders; his feet and hands large; and distinguished nose. His eyes were brown. Generally, he was a kind, loyal man, and his countenance indicated it. His face was radiant and glowing, and almost gave expression to his thoughts before his tongue would utter them. He was a just listener, and had the faculty of making himself clearly understood.


Overview

The total
population Population is a set of humans or other organisms in a given region or area. Governments conduct a census to quantify the resident population size within a given jurisdiction. The term is also applied to non-human animals, microorganisms, and pl ...
for these seven villages was 3,408 in 2016; however, this figure is currently decreasing as more of the youth abandon the rural life and head for the larger cities like
Tehran Tehran (; , ''Tehrân'') is the capital and largest city of Iran. It is the capital of Tehran province, and the administrative center for Tehran County and its Central District (Tehran County), Central District. With a population of around 9. ...
and
Isfahan Isfahan or Esfahan ( ) is a city in the Central District (Isfahan County), Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran. It is the capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is located south of Tehran. The city ...
. The main population center is located at Kerogan, which is the largest of the seven villages, followed in size by Bijegan. The overall majority of the population of Jasb follow the
Shia Muslim Shia Islam is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political Succession to Muhammad, successor (caliph) and as the spiritual le ...
religion, but in the past there were many followers of the
Baháʼí Faith The Baháʼí Faith is a religion founded in the 19th century that teaches the Baháʼí Faith and the unity of religion, essential worth of all religions and Baháʼí Faith and the unity of humanity, the unity of all people. Established by ...
; and large number of Jews in this town how were prosecuted. At one point during the 1950s more than half of the population in Kerogan were Baháʼís. The other village which had a few Baháʼí families is Vesquneqan. During the month of
Ramadan Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. It is observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting (''Fasting in Islam, sawm''), communal prayer (salah), reflection, and community. It is also the month in which the Quran is believed ...
in 1955, Sheikh Mohammad Taqi Falsafi, a populist preacher, started one of the highest-profile anti-Baháʼí propaganda schemes in Iran. After receiving permission from the
Shah Shāh (; ) is a royal title meaning "king" in the Persian language.Yarshater, Ehsa, ''Iranian Studies'', vol. XXII, no. 1 (1989) Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Per ...
to state anti-Baháʼí rhetoric in his sermons, he encouraged other clergy to discuss the Baháʼí issue in their sermons. These sermons caused mob violence against Baháʼís; Baháʼí properties were destroyed, their livestock stolen or killed, theír centres looted, theír cemeteries desecrated, Baháʼís were killed, some hacked to pieces, Baháʼí women were abducted and forced to marry Muslims, and Baháʼís were expelled and dismissed from schools and employment. Due to the increasing amount of persecution suffered by the Baháʼís at the hands of the Muslim majority, they were left with no choice than to abandon their lifestyle and dwellings, in search of a better life in Tehran.


See also


References

{{Delijan County, state=collapsed Rural Districts of Markazi province Populated places in Delijan County