Japanese Minelayer Shirataka

was a medium-sized minelayer of the Imperial Japanese Navy, which was in service during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II. She was the world's first purpose-built anti-submarine netlayer. Also, unlike any other warship in the Japanese Navy, she had two chrysanthemum crests due to her unusual bow configuration.

Background

Under the fiscal 1923 budget, the Imperial Japanese Navy authorized a new type of minelayer (Project H2) to supplement its aging minelayers, the former cruisers and . The new vessel was designed to carry either 100 Type 5 naval mines, or to function as a netlayer based on design features developed through operational experience to counter German submarines gained in World War I. At first the project plans called for ''Shirataka'' to be a 5,000-ton dedicated netlayer, and to be paired with a 3,000-ton-class minelayer (project number H1, later called ). However, due to budgetary limitations and in response to the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, the designs of both vessels were scaled down, and ''Shirataka'' was called on to serve as a dual-purpose netlayer/minelayer.

''Shirataka'' was launched by the Tōkyō Ishikawajima Shipyard on 25 January 1929, and was commissioned into service on 9 April 1929.

Operational history

After commissioning, ''Shirataka'' was assigned to the Kure Naval District. In the second half of 1934, after the ''Tomozuru'' incident, she was reconstructed at Kure Naval Arsenal with additional ballast and a lowered bridge and funnel, resulting in an almost complete rebuild by May 1936. ''Shirataka'' was assigned to patrols of the China coast after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident and the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War in August 1937. From 1 December 1937 she was assigned to the No.1 Base Force, IJN 3rd Fleet (Shanghai).

In November 1940, ''Shirataka'' was reconstructed into an escort patrol vessel by addition of 36 depth charges and was reassigned to the IJN 3rd Fleet on 1 December 1941 under the overall command of Admiral Ibō Takahashi.

At the time of the Attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, ''Shirataka'' was stationed at Takao on Taiwan, and was assigned to "Operation M", (the invasion of the northern Philippines). In January 1942, ''Shirataka'' was assigned to the Netherlands East Indies theatre of operations, supporting the Japanese invasions of Tarakan and Balikpapan in Borneo and participating in the Battle of Sunda Strait on 27 February. From 10 March, she was reassigned to Admiral Nobutake Kondō's No.21 Special Base Force, Southern Expeditionary Fleet and was based at Surabaya. On 1 August, she joined Admiral Gunichi Mikawa's IJN 8th Fleet and in November, escorted convoys to Shortland Island and Bougainville. At the end of the year, she was based at Wewak. On 20 February 1943, ''Shirataka'' escaped from an attack by without damage while on an escort mission in the Bismarck Archipelago. ''Shirataka'' continued with convoy escort duty between Palau and New Guinea and the Solomon Islands through February 1944, joining the IJN 9th Fleet from 15 November 1943.

From 22 March 1944, ''Shirataka'' underwent refit and overhaul at Kure Naval Arsenal, where radar/sonar/anti-aircraft arms were installed. On 5 April 1944, she was assigned to the Escort Fleet under Admiral Koshiro Oikawa. From 21 April to 20 May 1944, she was flagship for the escort operation for the Take Ichi convoy from Shanghai to Manila to Halmahera Island and back, with heavy losses to the convoy ships, but no damage to ''Shirataka''. After escorting a convoy from Manila back to Moji in June, she subsequently escorted Convoy Hi-67 to Manila and Singapore from 20 June to 9 July 1944. She returned with Convoy Hi-68 on 20 July, and escorted Convoy Mo-05 to Okinawa on 5 August.

On 19 August, ''Shirataka'' escorted Convoy Mi-15 from Moji to Miri in Sarawak. On 31 August, while transiting Luzon Strait, the convoy was attacked by , and , which sank several of the transports. As she entered Bashi Channel at 07:30, ''Shirataka'' was hit by two of three torpedoes fired by ''Sealion''. She sank at at 11:15 with loss of all hands, including her CO, Captain Takahide Miki, who was subsequently posthumously promoted to rear admiral.

''Shirataka'' was removed from the navy list on 10 October 1944.

References

Notes

Books

*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

External links

*

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shirataka
Minelayers of the Imperial Japanese Navy
Auxiliary ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy
World War II mine warfare vessels of Japan
Escort ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy
Ships built by IHI Corporation
Ships sunk by American submarines
Warships lost with all hands
1929 ships
Maritime incidents in August 1944
World War II shipwrecks in the South China Sea
Net laying ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy