The was an
army of the
Imperial Japanese Army. It was raised and demobilized on three occasions.
History
The Japanese 1st Army was initially raised during the
First Sino-Japanese War from 1 September 1894 – 28 May 1895 under the command of General
Yamagata Aritomo. It participated in all of the major battles of that conflict, and was demobilized at the successful end of that war.
It was revived for the
Russo-Japanese War from 2 February 1904 – 9 December 1905 under the command of General
Kuroki Tamemoto. Its forces were the first to land in
Korea and
Manchuria and it fought in most of the major campaigns of the war, including the
Battle of Yalu River,
Battle of Motien Pass
The Battle of Motien Pass was a minor land battle of the Russo-Japanese War, fought between the Imperial Japanese Army under General Kuroki Tamemoto and the Imperial Russian Army under General Count Fedor Keller over control of a strategic moun ...
,
Battle of Liaoyang
The (russian: Сражение при Ляояне) was the first major List of battles of the Russo-Japanese War, land battle of the Russo-Japanese War, on the outskirts of the city of Liaoyang in present-day Liaoning Province, China. The city ...
,
Battle of Shaho
The Battle of Shaho ( ja, 沙河会戦 (''Saka no kaisen''), russian: Сражение на реке Шахе) was the second large-scale land battle of the Russo-Japanese War fought along a front centered at the Shaho River along the Mukden– P ...
,
Battle of Sandepu
The Battle of Sandepu (also known as the Battle of Heikoutai) ( ja, 黒溝台会戦 (''Kokkōdai no kaisen''), russian: Сражение при Сандепу) was a major land battle of the Russo-Japanese War. It was fought within a group of vi ...
, and
Battle of Mukden
The , one of the largest land battles to be fought before World War I and the last and the most decisive major land battle of the Russo-Japanese War, was fought from 20 February to 10 March 1905 between Japan and Russia near Mukden ...
. It was again demobilized at the end of that conflict.
The Japanese 1st Army was raised again on 26 August 1937 in
Tianjin, China under the
Japanese China Garrison Army. In addition to protecting the Japanese settlement at Tianjin, it served as a reinforcement to the newly formed
Japanese Northern China Area Army following the
Marco Polo Bridge Incident
The Marco Polo Bridge Incident, also known as the Lugou Bridge Incident () or the July 7 Incident (), was a July 1937 battle between China's National Revolutionary Army and the Imperial Japanese Army.
Since the Japanese invasion of Manchuria ...
during the
Second Sino-Japanese War. The 1st Army subsequently participated in various campaigns in
North China
North China, or Huabei () is a List of regions of China, geographical region of China, consisting of the provinces of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia. Part of the larger region of Northern China (''Beifang''), it lies north ...
under the operational command of the
Japanese Northern China Area Army, including the
North China Incident,
Beiping–Hankou Railway Operation, and the
Battle of Taiyuan before being demobilized at
Taiyuan
Taiyuan (; ; ; Mandarin pronunciation: ; also known as (), ()) is the capital and largest city of Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China. Taiyuan is the political, economic, cultural and international exchange center of Shanxi Province. ...
,
Shanxi
Shanxi (; ; formerly romanised as Shansi) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China and is part of the North China region. The capital and largest city of the province is Taiyuan, while its next most populated prefecture-lev ...
province after the
end of World War II on 30 September 1945.
List of Commanders
Commanding officer
Chief of Staff
References
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External links
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Notes
{{Reflist, 2
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1894 establishments in Japan
1945 disestablishments in China