are

Japanese ultranationalist State ultranationalism (超國家主義 or 超国家主義, ''Chōkokkashugi''; lit. "ultra-statism") or simply ultranationalism (ウルトラナショナリズム, ''Urutoranashonarizumu''), refers mainly to the radical statist movement of t ...

far-right Far-right politics, often termed right-wing extremism, encompasses a range of ideologies that are marked by ultraconservatism, authoritarianism, ultranationalism, and nativism. This political spectrum situates itself on the far end of the ...

activists, provocateurs, and

internet trolls In slang, a troll is a person who posts deliberately offensive or provocative messages online (such as in social media, a newsgroup, a forum, a chat room, an online video game) or who performs similar behaviors in real life. The methods and m ...

(as ''

netto-uyoku , often shortened to , is the term used to refer to Japanese netizens who espouse ultranationalist far-right views on social media. ''Netto-uyoku'' is evaluated as sharing similarities to Western right-wing populism or the alt-right. Origins J ...

'') often organized in groups. In 1996 and 2013, the

National Police Agency National Police may refer to the national police forces of several countries: *Afghanistan: Afghan National Police *Haiti: Haitian National Police *Canada: Royal Canadian Mounted Police *Colombia: National Police of Colombia *Cuba: National Revolut ...

estimated that there were over 1,000 right-wing groups in Japan, with about 100,000 members in total.

Philosophies and activities

are well known for their highly visible propaganda vehicles, known as '' gaisensha'' (街宣車). These converted vans, trucks and buses are fitted with loudspeakers and prominently marked with the name of the group and propaganda slogans. The vehicles are usually black, khaki or olive drab, and are decorated with the Imperial Seal, the

flag of Japan The national flag of Japan is a rectangular white banner with a red circle at its center. The flag is officially called the but is more commonly known in Japan as the . It embodies the country's sobriquet: the Land of the Rising Sun. The ...

and the

Rising Sun Flag The is a Japanese flag that consists of a red disc and sixteen red rays emanating from the disc. Like the Flag of Japan, Japanese national flag, the Rising Sun Flag symbolizes the Sun. The flag was originally used by daimyō, feudal warlords ...

. They are primarily used to stage protests outside organizations such as the Chinese, Korean or Russian embassies,

Chongryon The General Association of Korean Residents in Japan,
" ''

facilities and media organizations, where propaganda (both taped and live) is broadcast through their loudspeakers. They can sometimes be seen driving around cities or parked in busy shopping areas, broadcasting propaganda, military music or , the national anthem. The

Greater Japan Patriotic Party The , frequently abbreviated to Aikokutō (愛国党, ''Aikokutō''), is a Japanese political party and far-right political group. It was created in 1951 by right-wing ultranationalist Bin Akao, who became the first head of the party. __NOTOC__ O ...

, supportive of the US–Japan–South Korea alliance against China and North Korea and against communism as a whole, displays the US national flag flying side by side with the Japanese flag in the vehicles and US military marches played alongside their Japanese counterparts. Rightwing groups doing public propaganda such as using the vans are known as '' gaisen uyoku'' (街宣右翼). While political beliefs differ among the groups, they are often said to hold in common three philosophies: the advocation of (retaining the fundamental character of the nation), hostility towards communism and

Marxism Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis. It uses a dialectical and materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to analyse class relations, social conflict, ...

, and hostility against the

Japan Teachers Union , abbreviated , is Japan's oldest labor union of teachers and school staff. Established in 1947, it was the largest teachers union until a split in the late 1980s. The union is known for its critical stance against the ruling conservative Liber ...

. Traditionally, they view Russia (and previously the Soviet Union), China, and North Korea with hostility over issues such as communism, the Senkaku (Diaoyu) Islands and the

Kuril Islands The Kuril Islands or Kurile Islands are a volcanic archipelago administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast in the Russian Far East. The islands stretch approximately northeast from Hokkaido in Japan to Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia, separating the ...

, and the kidnappings of Japanese citizens by North Korea. Most, but not all, seek to justify Japan's role in the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

to varying degrees, deny the war crimes committed by the military during the pre-1945

Shōwa period Shōwa most commonly refers to: * Hirohito (1901–1989), the 124th Emperor of Japan, known posthumously as Emperor Shōwa ** Shōwa era (昭和), the era of Hirohito from 1926 to 1989 * Showa Corporation, a Japanese suspension and shock manufactu ...

and are critical of what they see as a "masochistic" bias in post-war historical education. Thus, they do not recognize the legality of the

International Military Tribunal for the Far East The International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE), also known as the Tokyo Trial and the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal, was a military trial convened on 29 April 1946 to Criminal procedure, try leaders of the Empire of Japan for their cri ...

or other allied tribunals and consider the war-criminals enshrined in the

Yasukuni Shrine is a Shinto shrine located in Chiyoda, Tokyo. It was founded by Emperor Meiji in June 1869 and commemorates those who died in service of Empire of Japan, Japan, from the Boshin War of 1868–1869, to the two Sino-Japanese Wars, First Sino-Japane ...

as . They support the censorship of history textbooks, or

historical negationism Historical negationism, also called historical denialism, is falsification or distortion of the historical record. This is not the same as '' historical revisionism'', a broader term that extends to newly evidenced, fairly reasoned academic rein ...

Categories of ''uyoku dantai''

''Uyoku dantai'' are broadly classed into currents based on ideological perspective and foundation period. They are divided into traditional (pre-war), street activist (originating in the post-war era), New Right or ''Minzoku-ha'', and Kōdō-suru Hoshu (Action Conservative Movement) groups. * Traditional or pre-war groups trace their origins to the pre-war radical Right, and have a traditionalist and nationalist outlook. The representatives of this current today are the Great Eastern School (Daitōjuku 大東塾) and Great Japan Production Party (''Dainippon Seisantō'' 大日本生産党) * Activist groups which are mainly known for street activities through noise trucks, sometimes known as ''Gaisen Uyoku'' (街宣右翼). Some (but not all) are believed to have

Yakuza , also known as , are members of transnational organized crime syndicates originating in Japan. The Japanese police and media (by request of the police) call them , while the yakuza call themselves . The English equivalent for the term ''yak ...

links. Ideologically they are ultranationalist, monarchist, militarist, anti-Communist and in favour of a pro-Western alliance. Many also support Taiwan and South Korea. The Great Japan Patriotic Party (''Dainippon Aikokutō'' 大日本愛国党) is one of the most prominent representatives of this current. * New right (''Shin-uyoku'' 新右翼) or ''

Minzoku-ha ''Minzoku-ha'' (民族派, lit. "ethnic nationalist groups") or New Right (新右翼, ''shin-uyoku'') is a Japanese ethno-nationalist faction that emerged after postwar Japan. Content ''Minzoku-ha'' are known to be "Anti-American conservative ...

'' (民族派) originated in the student movements of the 1960s and 1970s, many of whom were followers of

Yukio Mishima Kimitake Hiraoka ( , ''Hiraoka Kimitake''; 14 January 192525 November 1970), known by his pen name Yukio Mishima ( , ''Mishima Yukio''), was a Japanese author, poet, playwright, actor, model, Shintoist, Ultranationalism (Japan), ultranationalis ...

. They rejected the assumptions of existing ''uyoku'' groups and adopted an anti-American and broadly anti-Western line, as well as a Turanist line, which supposedly unites the Japanese people with the Koreans, the Uralic-speaking, the Turkic-speaking, the Mongolic-speaking, and the Tungusic-speaking peoples. The most representative groups of this current are ''Issuikai'' (一水会) and United Volunteers Front. * Action Conservative ( Kōdō-suru Hoshu; 行動する保守) groups are more recent in origin and are known for their vocal street activities. These groups tend towards anti-Korean, anti-Chinese and anti-Russian rhetoric. Examples of this trend are Zaitokukai (在特会), Ishin Seito Shimpu (維新政党・新風), Japan National Party (日本国民党),

Japan First Party The is a far-right political party in Japan founded by Makoto Sakurai. History On August 15, 2016, Sakurai announced in front of a crowd at the annual gathering to protest the Hantenren in front of Yasukuni Shrine that he would not stop at the To ...

(日本第一党) and ''Shuken kaifuku o mezasu kai'' (主権回復を目指す会).

Groups

Historical groups

* – set up in 1928 by Ainosuke Iwata. (Not to be confused with an 1875–1880 organization of the same name). Activities included organization of anti-communist student movements in various universities and indoctrination of youths in rural villages. On 14 November 1930, Tomeo Sagoya, a member of the society shot Prime Minister

Hamaguchi Osachi Hamaguchi Osachi (Kyūjitai: ; Shinjitai: , 1 April 1870 – 26 August 1931) was a Japanese politician who was Prime Minister of Japan from 1929 to 1931. Nicknamed the due to his dignified demeanor and mane-like hair, Hamaguchi served as leadin ...

Tokyo Station Tōkyō Station (, ) is a major railway station in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. The original station is located in Chiyoda's Marunouchi business district near the Tokyo Imperial Palace, Imperial Palace grounds. The newer Eastern extension is not far ...

in an assassination attempt. * – originated from a secret society of former samurai, with an aim to restore feudal rule, later turned to

pan-Asianist Satellite photograph of Asia in orthographic projection. Pan-Asianism (also known as Asianism or Greater Asianism) is an ideology aimed at creating a political and economic unity among Asian peoples. Various theories and movements of Pan-Asiani ...

concepts, but actually was an ultranationalist secret society. They engaged in

terrorist Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of violence against non-combatants to achieve political or ideological aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violence during peacetime or in the context of war aga ...

activities such as the attempted assassination of

Ōkuma Shigenobu Marquess was a Japanese politician who served as the prime minister of Japan in 1898, and from 1914 to 1916. Born in the Saga Domain, Ōkuma was appointed minister of finance soon after the Meiji Restoration of 1868, aided by his friendship w ...

in 1889. It formed an extensive espionage and organized crime network throughout East Asia and agitated for

Anti-Western sentiment Anti-Western sentiment, also known as anti-Atlanticism or Westernophobia, refers to broad opposition, bias, or hostility towards the people, culture, or policies of the Western world. This sentiment is found worldwide. It often stems from ant ...

with Japan's military aggression. It was forced to disband after

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

. * – an influential paramilitary group set up in 1901, initially to support the effort to drive Russia out of East Asia. They ran anti-Russian espionage networks in

Korea Korea is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and smaller islands. Since the end of World War II in 1945, it has been politically Division of Korea, divided at or near the 38th parallel north, 3 ...

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

Manchuria Manchuria is a historical region in northeast Asia encompassing the entirety of present-day northeast China and parts of the modern-day Russian Far East south of the Uda (Khabarovsk Krai), Uda River and the Tukuringra-Dzhagdy Ranges. The exact ...

, and

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

. Expanded its activities worldwide in the subsequent decades and became a small but significant ultranationalist force in mainstream politics. Forced to disband in 1946. * – an ultranationalist secret society founded in April 1926. It was formed by the Nazi sympathizer

Motoyuki Takabatake was a Japanese journalist and political activist who completed the first full Japanese translation of Karl Marx's ''Das Kapital''. In his youth he became a member of the small Japanese anarchist movement. During the Russian Revolution however, ...

along with right-wing ultranationalists

Shinkichi Uesugi was a political philosopher and legal scholar who was active in Meiji, Taishō, and early Shōwa period Japan. One of the founding figures of right-wing Shintō ultranationalism, he helped sow the seeds for radical right-wing activism in 1930s ...

and future Aikokutō leader

Bin Akao was a Japanese Far far-right (uyoku) politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives of Japan during World War II. Akao was cofounder and first president of the Kenkokukai and became one of the leading Ultranationalism (Japan) ...

. It proclaimed its object to be "the creation of a genuine people's

state State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...

based on unanimity between the people and the

emperor The word ''emperor'' (from , via ) can mean the male ruler of an empire. ''Empress'', the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), mother/grandmother (empress dowager/grand empress dowager), or a woman who rules ...

". * – an ultranationalist secret society established by young officers within the

Imperial Japanese Army The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA; , ''Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun'', "Army of the Greater Japanese Empire") was the principal ground force of the Empire of Japan from 1871 to 1945. It played a central role in Japan’s rapid modernization during th ...

in September 1930, with the goal of reorganizing the state along totalitarian militaristic lines, via a military

coup d'état A coup d'état (; ; ), or simply a coup , is typically an illegal and overt attempt by a military organization or other government elites to unseat an incumbent leadership. A self-coup is said to take place when a leader, having come to powe ...

if necessary.

Traditional groups

* – a cultural academy set up in 1939. Runs courses related to

Shinto , also called Shintoism, is a religion originating in Japan. Classified as an East Asian religions, East Asian religion by Religious studies, scholars of religion, it is often regarded by its practitioners as Japan's indigenous religion and as ...

and traditional arts such as (poetry) and

karate (; ; Okinawan language, Okinawan pronunciation: ), also , is a martial arts, martial art developed in the Ryukyu Kingdom. It developed from the Okinawan martial arts, indigenous Ryukyuan martial arts (called , "hand"; ''tī'' in Okinawan) un ...

. Conducted several campaigns, such as the restoration of the

National Foundation Day National Foundation Day may refer to: * National Foundation Day (Japan) * National Foundation Day (Korea) {{disambiguation ...

's original status of ("Empire Day") and of the legal designation of

Japanese era name The or , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being "", meaning "origin, basis"), followed b ...

s as Japan's official calendar. * – set up in 1951 by, and centred around,

, a former anti-war member of the pre-war

National Diet , transcription_name = ''Kokkai'' , legislature = 215th Session of the National Diet , coa_pic = Flag of Japan.svg , house_type = Bicameral , houses = , foundation=29 November 1890(), leader1_type ...

who was well known at the time for his daily speeches at Sukiyabashi crossing in

Ginza Ginza ( ; ) is a district of Chūō, Tokyo, Chūō, Tokyo, located south of Yaesu and Kyōbashi, Tokyo, Kyōbashi, west of Tsukiji, east of Yūrakuchō and Uchisaiwaichō, and north of Shinbashi. It is a popular upscale shopping area of Tokyo ...

Tokyo Tokyo, officially the Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital of Japan, capital and List of cities in Japan, most populous city in Japan. With a population of over 14 million in the city proper in 2023, it is List of largest cities, one of the most ...

. The party advocated state ownership of industries with the Emperor as the chief executive officer of the Japanese government. They emphasized the need for solidarity with the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

and

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the west and t ...

in the fight against

communism Communism () is a political sociology, sociopolitical, political philosophy, philosophical, and economic ideology, economic ideology within the history of socialism, socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a ...

. Their propaganda vans were decorated with the Stars and Stripes alongside the Japanese flag, and Akao once stated that

Liancourt Rocks The Liancourt Rocks, known in Korea as Dokdo () and in Japan as Takeshima (), are a group of islets in the Sea of Japan between the Korean Peninsula and the Japanese archipelago administered by South Korea. The Liancourt Rocks comprise two ...

() should be blown up as it represents an obstacle to friendship with South Korea. A former party member,

Otoya Yamaguchi was a Japanese right-wing Ultranationalism (Japan), ultranationalist youth who assassinated Inejirō Asanuma, chairman of the Japan Socialist Party, on 12 October 1960. Yamaguchi rushed the stage and stabbed Asanuma with a wakizashi-like shor ...

, was responsible for the 1960 assassination of Inejiro Asanuma, the head of the

Japanese Socialist Party The was a major socialist and progressive political party in Japan which existed from 1945 to 1996. The party was the primary representative of the Japanese left and main opponent of the right-wing Liberal Democratic Party for most of its ex ...

, at a televised rally. * – formed in 1972 as part of what was then known as the "new right-wing" movement which rejected the pro-American rhetoric of the traditional right wing. It sees the Japanese government as an American puppet state and demands "complete independence". Advocates the setting up of a new

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is the Earth, global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the stated purpose of maintaining international peace and internationa ...

on the basis that the current UN structure is a relic of the Second World War. Fiercely critical of the Bush Administration over issues such as the

Iraq War The Iraq War (), also referred to as the Second Gulf War, was a prolonged conflict in Iraq lasting from 2003 to 2011. It began with 2003 invasion of Iraq, the invasion by a Multi-National Force – Iraq, United States-led coalition, which ...

and the

Kyoto Protocol The was an international treaty which extended the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that global warming is oc ...

Groups affiliated with
yakuza , also known as , are members of transnational organized crime syndicates originating in Japan. The Japanese police and media (by request of the police) call them , while the yakuza call themselves . The English equivalent for the term ''yak ...
syndicates

* – one of the largest organizations with 2,000 members. Set up by the

Sumiyoshi-ikka The Sumiyoshi-ikka (住吉一家 "Sumiyoshi Family") is an affiliate of the Sumiyoshi-kai yakuza syndicate, based in Tokyo, Japan. It was founded by a local Bakuto in the early Meiji era The was an Japanese era name, era of History of Jap ...

syndicate in 1961. Since 1978, members have constructed two lighthouses and a

Shinto shrine A Stuart D. B. Picken, 1994. p. xxiii is a structure whose main purpose is to house ("enshrine") one or more kami, , the deities of the Shinto religion. The Also called the . is where a shrine's patron is or are enshrined.Iwanami Japanese dic ...

on the

Senkaku Islands The Senkaku Islands, known as the Diaoyu Islands in China and the Tiaoyutai Islands in Taiwan, are a group of uninhabited islands in the East China Sea, administered by Japan. They were historically known in the Western world as the Pinnacle ...

(Diaoyutai), a collection of uninhabited islets claimed by Japan, China and Taiwan. In June 2000, two members of the society attacked the offices of a magazine which ran a headline which was allegedly disrespectful to then- Crown Princess Masako. * – affiliated to the

Inagawa-kai The is the third largest of Japan's yakuza groups, with approximately 1,600 members. It is based in the Kantō region, and was one of the first yakuza organizations to begin operating overseas. History The Inagawa-kai was founded in Atami, ...

syndicate. In 1987, it conducted a bizarre campaign to smear

Noboru Takeshita was a Japanese politician who served as prime minister of Japan from 1987 to 1989. Born in Shimane Prefecture, Takeshita attended Waseda University and was drafted into the army during the Pacific War. He was first elected to the National Diet ...

during his quest for the position of Prime Minister, by constantly broadcasting excessive praise of Takeshita using twenty loudspeaker trucks. The broadcasts were stopped after the intervention of

Shin Kanemaru Shin Kanemaru (金丸信 ''Kanemaru Shin'', 17 September 1914 – 28 March 1996) was a Japanese people, Japanese politician who was a significant figure in the political arena of Japan from the 1970s to the early 1990s. He was also Minister of D ...

. This incident led to a series of political scandals which eventually highlighted the involvement of organized crime in the ruling

Liberal Democratic Party Several political parties from around the world have been called the Liberal Democratic Party, Democratic Liberal Party or Liberal Democrats. These parties have usually followed liberalism as ideology, although they can vary widely from very progr ...

. In April 2004, a bus belonging to the group rammed the gate of the Chinese consulate in

Osaka is a Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan, designated city in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan. It is the capital of and most populous city in Osaka Prefecture, and the List of cities in Japan, third-most populous city in J ...

, damaging the gate. Police arrested Nobuyuki Nakagama, the driver, and Ko Chong-Su, a Korean member of the group, for orchestrating the attack. * – a Tokyo-based organization, officially affiliated to the

syndicate. * – a Tokyo-based organization, officially affiliated to the

Kyokuto-kai The is a yakuza organization based in Tokyo, Japan.

syndicate. The founder and chief advisor is Shinichi Matsuyama (Cho Kyu-Hwa), a Korean who is also the 5th generation leader of Kyokuto-kai.

Other groups

* – a group based in

Nagasaki Prefecture is a Prefectures of Japan, prefecture of Japan, mainly located on the island of Kyūshū, although it also includes a number of islands off Kyūshū's northwest coast - including Tsushima and Iki. Nagasaki Prefecture has a population of 1,246,4 ...

set up in 1981. Responsible for a number of violent incidents, including the 1991 near-fatal shooting of the mayor of

Nagasaki , officially , is the capital and the largest Cities of Japan, city of Nagasaki Prefecture on the island of Kyushu in Japan. Founded by the Portuguese, the port of Portuguese_Nagasaki, Nagasaki became the sole Nanban trade, port used for tr ...

, who stated that emperor

Hirohito , Posthumous name, posthumously honored as , was the 124th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, from 25 December 1926 until Death and state funeral of Hirohito, his death in 1989. He remains Japan's longest-reigni ...

was responsible for the war. * – an extreme nationalist party. The group set fire to

Ichirō Kōno was a Japanese politician during the Post-war, postwar period who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Japan, Deputy Prime Minister and a member of the National Diet. As Deputy Prime Minister, he was in charge of the 1964 Summer Olympics, 1964 To ...

's house in 1963. The members were armed with

guns A gun is a device that propels a projectile using pressure or explosive force. The projectiles are typically solid, but can also be pressurized liquid (e.g. in water guns or cannons), or gas (e.g. light-gas gun). Solid projectiles may be ...

and

katana A is a Japanese sword characterized by a curved, single-edged blade with a circular or squared guard and long grip to accommodate two hands. Developed later than the ''tachi'', it was used by samurai in feudal Japan and worn with the edge fa ...

, took eight hostages, and barricaded themselves in

Japan Business Federation The is an economic organization founded in May 2002 by amalgamation of Keidanren (, Japan Federation of Economic Organizations, established 1946; name sometimes used alone as abbreviation for whole organization) and Nikkeiren (, Japan Federatio ...

's office in 1977. Its leader

Shūsuke Nomura Shūsuke Nomura (, 14 February 1935 – 20 October 1993) was a Japanese ethno-nationalist (民族派) activist. He is best remembered for his assault and suicide in the offices of the newspaper ''Asahi Shimbun''. Life and career In 1963 ...

had admired Korean nationalist

An Jung-geun An Jung-geun (; 2 September 1879 – 26 March 1910) was a Korean independence activist. He is remembered as a martyr in both South and North Korea for his 1909 assassination of the Japanese politician Itō Hirobumi, who had previously served a ...

as a patriot. On the 37th election of assembly members of the House of Representatives (1983), when a secretary of

Shintarō Ishihara was a Japanese politician and writer, who served as the Governor of Tokyo from 1999 to 2012. Being the former leader of the radical right Sunrise Party, later merged with Toru Hashimoto's Japan Restoration Party out of which he split his f ...

defamed his opposition candidate Shōkei Arai (Bak Gyeong-jae) as a "Korean", the party protested hard against Ishihara. * – a small

neo-Nazi Neo-Nazism comprises the post–World War II militant, social, and political movements that seek to revive and reinstate Nazism, Nazi ideology. Neo-Nazis employ their ideology to promote hatred and Supremacism#Racial, racial supremacy (ofte ...

party headed by Kazunari Yamada, who maintains a website and blog which includes praise for

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his suicide in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the lea ...

and the

September 11 attacks The September 11 attacks, also known as 9/11, were four coordinated Islamist terrorist suicide attacks by al-Qaeda against the United States in 2001. Nineteen terrorists hijacked four commercial airliners, crashing the first two into ...

. Pictures of Yamada, a

Holocaust denier Denial of the Holocaust is an antisemitic conspiracy theory that asserts that the genocide of Jews by the Nazis is a fabrication or exaggeration. It includes making one or more of the following false claims: *Nazi Germany's "Final Solution" wa ...

, posing with Cabinet minister

Sanae Takaichi is a Japanese politician who served as the Minister of State for Economic Security from 2022 to 2024. A member of the Liberal Democratic Party, she has served in the House of Representatives since 2005, and had also served in several ministeri ...

and LDP policy research chief

Tomomi Inada is a Japanese lawyer and politician serving as a member of the House of Representatives, representing the 1st Fukui Prefecture since September 2005. She previously served as Minister of Defense from August 2016 to July 2017, resigning in respons ...

were discovered on the website and became a source of controversy; both have denied support for the party. * – a Japanese ultranationalist and ultraconservative group who seeks the revision of the

Japanese constitution The Constitution of Japan is the supreme law of Japan. Written primarily by American civilian officials during the occupation of Japan after World War II, it was adopted on 3 November 1946 and came into effect on 3 May 1947, succeeding the Mei ...

and the revision of Japanese history textbooks to whitewash Japan's actions during World War II. * – a Japanese nationalist and anti-immigration group who calls for the removal of state welfare and alleged privileges to

Zainichi Koreans () are ethnic Koreans who immigrated to Japan before 1945 and are citizens or permanent residents of Japan, or who are descendants of those immigrants. They are a group distinct from South Korean nationals who have immigrated to Japan since t ...

. They are anti-Korean,

anti-Russian Anti-Russian sentiment or Russophobia is the dislike or fear of Russia, Russian people, or Russian culture. The opposite of Russophobia is Russophilia. Historically, Russophobia has included state-sponsored and grassroots mistreatment and di ...

and anti-Chinese. It has been described by the

as a potential threat to public order due to its "extreme nationalist and

xenophobic Xenophobia (from (), 'strange, foreign, or alien', and (), 'fear') is the fear or dislike of anything that is perceived as being foreign or strange. It is an expression that is based on the perception that a conflict exists between an in-gr ...

" ideology. * – an

alt-right The alt-right (abbreviated from alternative right) is a Far-right politics, far-right, White nationalism, white nationalist movement. A largely Internet activism, online phenomenon, the alt-right originated in the United States during the late ...

party founded by the original leader of Zaitokukai

Makoto Sakurai is the pen name of a political activist, blogger, and writer from Kitakyushu in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. A former civil servant in a ward office, he is the founder and former leader of the far-right nationalist group Zaitokukai, known for its ...

Gallery

''Gaishenshas ''

File:Uyoku Yasukuni 215882903 ccd45c4a55 o.jpg, An passing two

Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department The , known locally as simply the Metropolitan Police Department (MPD), is the prefectural police of Tokyo, Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. Founded in 1874, the TMPD is the largest police force in Japan by number of officers, with a staff of more than 4 ...

police bus A police bus, also known as a police van is a minibus, full-sized bus or coach used by police forces for a variety of reasons. Depending on the use, police buses might have markings or a livery indicating its ownership by the police, and als ...

es File:Uyoku Yasukuni 215882905 d95d399f26 o.jpg, A driving around the street at the

on August 15, the

V-J Day Victory over Japan Day (also known as V-J Day, Victory in the Pacific Day, or V-P Day) is the day on which Imperial Japan surrendered in World War II, in effect bringing the war to an end. The term has been applied to both of the days on wh ...

File:Uyoku Yasukuni 215882907 490e6e058f o.jpg, Another example of an , again in front of the Yasukuni Shrine File:YasukuniJinsha-Uyoku 1991.jpg, bus parked on the grounds of Yasukuni Shrine

Demonstrations

File:Asia Seinen To activists.jpg, ''Asia Seinen To ''activists in 2001. File:Minzoku no Ishi Domei activists.jpg, ''Minzoku no Ishi Domei'' activists in 2001. File:Demonstration by zaitokukai in Tokyo 2.jpg, A

Zaitokukai Zaitokukai, full name , is an ultra-nationalist and Far-right politics, far-right extremist political organization in Japan, which calls for an end to state welfare and alleged privileges afforded to Koreans in Japan, Zainichi Koreans. It has b ...

demonstration in Tokyo in 2013.

Notes

References

External links

Media Intimidation in Japan
��article by David McNeill

��article by Eric Prideaux
Uyoku: The Japanese Right Wing
��article by Mai Wakisaka

��article by Daiki Shibuichi {{DEFAULTSORT:Uyoku Dantai Anti-Chinese sentiment in Japan Anti-communist organizations in Japan Anti-Korean sentiment in Japan Anti-Korean violence Anti-LGBTQ sentiment in Asia Anti-Russian sentiment in Asia Conservatism in Japan Empire of Japan Far-right politics in Japan Historical negationism in Japan Identity politics in Japan Japanese militarism Japanese nationalism Japanese war crimes Japanese words and phrases Kokkashugi Political organizations based in Japan Postwar Japan Racially motivated violence in Japan Right-wing populism in Japan Turanism Ultranationalism World War II-related historical negationism

Philosophies and activities

Categories of ''uyoku dantai''

Groups

Historical groups

Traditional groups

Groups affiliated with yakuza , also known as , are members of transnational organized crime syndicates originating in Japan. The Japanese police and media (by request of the police) call them , while the yakuza call themselves . The English equivalent for the term ''yak ... syndicates

Other groups

Gallery

''Gaishenshas ''

Demonstrations

See also

Notes

References

External links

Groups affiliated with
yakuza , also known as , are members of transnational organized crime syndicates originating in Japan. The Japanese police and media (by request of the police) call them , while the yakuza call themselves . The English equivalent for the term ''yak ...
syndicates