
Jan Samuel Chrzanowski (died 1688 in Jazłowiec (
Yazlovets
Yazlovets (; ) is a village in Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. It is a Roman Catholic pilgrimage centre of local significance. The village belongs to the hromada, Buchach urban hromada. It lies on the Vilchivchik river, a tributary of t ...
),
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic (), was a federation, federative real union between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ...
, now
Chortkiv Raion
Chortkiv Raion () is a raion in Ternopil Oblast in western Ukraine. Its capital (political), administrative center is the city of Chortkiv. It has a population of
History
In the Second Polish Republic, the area belonged to the County of Kopczync ...
,
Ternopil Oblast
Ternopil Oblast (), also referred to as Ternopilshchyna () or Ternopillia (), is an Oblasts of Ukraine, oblast (province) of Ukraine. Its Capital (political), administrative center is Ternopil, through which flows the Seret (river), Seret, a tribu ...
,
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...
) was a Polish officer known for his command during the
Battle of Trembowla.
[ Kazimierz Piwarski: Chrzanowski Jan Samuel. W: Polski Słownik Biograficzny. T. 3.]
Life
Chrzanowski was a member of the Polish
bourgeois
The bourgeoisie ( , ) are a class of business owners, merchants and wealthy people, in general, which emerged in the Late Middle Ages, originally as a "middle class" between the peasantry and Aristocracy (class), aristocracy. They are tradition ...
. He began his military career in the regiment of
Stanisław Koniecpolski
Stanisław Koniecpolski (1591 – 11 March 1646) was a Polish military commander, regarded as one of the most talented and capable in the History of Poland in the Early Modern era (1569–1795), history of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. ...
. He fought at
Khotyn (Chocim) in 1673 and gained the rank of captain the same year. From 1674, he served under Aleksander Niezabitowski . A year later, his regiment came under the ownership of Jan Cetner, the starost of
Szczurowice (Ukrainian: Щуровичі).
During the
Polish-Turkish war in 1675, a 30,000 strong Turkish army, aided by Tartars and led by the Sultan Serder's son in law Ibrahim Szyszman, invaded present day Ukraine. After conquering
Zbaraż
Zbarazh (, ; ; ) is a small city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. It is located in the historic region of Galicia. Zbarazh hosts the administration of Zbarazh urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population:
Zbara ...
(Zbarazh) on July 27, 1675 and
Podhorce (Pidhirtsi) on September 11, 1675, about 10,000 soldiers of the Turkish army arrived in
Trembowla
Terebovlia (, ; ; ) is a small city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Terebovlia hosts the administration of Terebovlia urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 13,661 (2001).
History
Terebovlia is one of ...
(Terebovlia). The town was destroyed, but the
castle
A castle is a type of fortification, fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by Military order (monastic society), military orders. Scholars usually consider a ''castle'' to be the private ...
, defended by about 80 soldiers, a handful of nobleman and around 200 peasants, all led by Jan Samuel Chrzanowski, withstood the Turkish armies' advances for over two weeks. On October 11, 1675 the Turkish army withdrew its forces upon hearing that Polish forces led by the
King Jan III Sobieski were approaching. In a camp near
Buchach
Buchach (, ; ; or ; ; ; ) is a List of cities in Ukraine, city located on the Strypa River (a tributary of the Dniester) in Chortkiv Raion of Ternopil Oblast (Oblast, province) of Western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Buchach urban h ...
King Jan Sobieski gave Chrzanowski the rank of lieutenant colonel.
Chrzanowski's acts of bravery became famous in all of Poland, and in 1676 he was asked to stand before the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic (), was a federation, federative real union between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ...
's
General sejm
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air and space forces, marines or naval infantry.
In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. Ma ...
wherein he became ennobled and granted the
Poraj coat of arms
Poraj is a Polish Coat of Arms. Used by several knighthood families of medieval Poland and noble families of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth - those descended in the male-line from the Poraj family and those allowed into the heraldic clan ...
, while also receiving a reward of 5,000 złoty.
From 1676 he was a commandant of
Lwów
Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the List of cities in Ukraine, fifth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of ...
(Lviv) and from 1682 a
podstoli
Deputy pantler ( Lithuanian: pastalininkis, Polish: podstoli) was a court office in Poland and Lithuania. They were the deputy of a pantler, and was responsible for the King's and Grand Duke's pantry.
From the 14th century, this was an honorary c ...
of Mielnic.
He was married to
Anna Dorota Chrzanowska
Anna Dorota Chrzanowska née von Fresen (floruit, fl. 1675), was a Polish heroine of the Polish–Ottoman War (1672–76), known for her acts during the Battle of Trembowla in 1675.
Act
She was married to Captain Jan Samuel Chrzanowski. In 1675, ...
.
See also
*
Wojciech Chrzanowski
*
Anna Dorota Chrzanowska
Anna Dorota Chrzanowska née von Fresen (floruit, fl. 1675), was a Polish heroine of the Polish–Ottoman War (1672–76), known for her acts during the Battle of Trembowla in 1675.
Act
She was married to Captain Jan Samuel Chrzanowski. In 1675, ...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chrzanowski, Jan Samuel
17th-century births
1688 deaths
Military personnel from Ternopil Oblast
Polish nobility
Clan of Poraj
Polish military leaders