Jan Samuel Chrzanowski (died 1688 in Jazłowiec (

Yazlovets Yazlovets (; ) is a village in Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. It is a Roman Catholic pilgrimage centre of local significance. The village belongs to the hromada, Buchach urban hromada. It lies on the Vilchivchik river, a tributary of t ...

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic (), was a federation, federative real union between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ...

, now

Chortkiv Raion Chortkiv Raion () is a raion in Ternopil Oblast in western Ukraine. Its capital (political), administrative center is the city of Chortkiv. It has a population of History In the Second Polish Republic, the area belonged to the County of Kopczync ...

Ternopil Oblast Ternopil Oblast (), also referred to as Ternopilshchyna () or Ternopillia (), is an Oblasts of Ukraine, oblast (province) of Ukraine. Its Capital (political), administrative center is Ternopil, through which flows the Seret (river), Seret, a tribu ...

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

) was a Polish officer known for his command during the Battle of Trembowla. Kazimierz Piwarski: Chrzanowski Jan Samuel. W: Polski Słownik Biograficzny. T. 3.

Life

Chrzanowski was a member of the Polish

bourgeois The bourgeoisie ( , ) are a class of business owners, merchants and wealthy people, in general, which emerged in the Late Middle Ages, originally as a "middle class" between the peasantry and Aristocracy (class), aristocracy. They are tradition ...

. He began his military career in the regiment of

Stanisław Koniecpolski Stanisław Koniecpolski (1591 – 11 March 1646) was a Polish military commander, regarded as one of the most talented and capable in the History of Poland in the Early Modern era (1569–1795), history of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. ...

. He fought at Khotyn (Chocim) in 1673 and gained the rank of captain the same year. From 1674, he served under Aleksander Niezabitowski . A year later, his regiment came under the ownership of Jan Cetner, the starost of Szczurowice (Ukrainian: Щуровичі). During the Polish-Turkish war in 1675, a 30,000 strong Turkish army, aided by Tartars and led by the Sultan Serder's son in law Ibrahim Szyszman, invaded present day Ukraine. After conquering

Zbaraż Zbarazh (, ; ; ) is a small city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. It is located in the historic region of Galicia. Zbarazh hosts the administration of Zbarazh urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: Zbara ...

(Zbarazh) on July 27, 1675 and Podhorce (Pidhirtsi) on September 11, 1675, about 10,000 soldiers of the Turkish army arrived in

Trembowla Terebovlia (, ; ; ) is a small city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Terebovlia hosts the administration of Terebovlia urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 13,661 (2001). History Terebovlia is one of ...

(Terebovlia). The town was destroyed, but the

castle A castle is a type of fortification, fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by Military order (monastic society), military orders. Scholars usually consider a ''castle'' to be the private ...

, defended by about 80 soldiers, a handful of nobleman and around 200 peasants, all led by Jan Samuel Chrzanowski, withstood the Turkish armies' advances for over two weeks. On October 11, 1675 the Turkish army withdrew its forces upon hearing that Polish forces led by the King Jan III Sobieski were approaching. In a camp near

Buchach Buchach (, ; ; or ; ; ; ) is a List of cities in Ukraine, city located on the Strypa River (a tributary of the Dniester) in Chortkiv Raion of Ternopil Oblast (Oblast, province) of Western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Buchach urban h ...

King Jan Sobieski gave Chrzanowski the rank of lieutenant colonel. Chrzanowski's acts of bravery became famous in all of Poland, and in 1676 he was asked to stand before the

General sejm A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. Ma ...

wherein he became ennobled and granted the

Poraj coat of arms Poraj is a Polish Coat of Arms. Used by several knighthood families of medieval Poland and noble families of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth - those descended in the male-line from the Poraj family and those allowed into the heraldic clan ...

, while also receiving a reward of 5,000 złoty. From 1676 he was a commandant of

Lwów Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the List of cities in Ukraine, fifth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of ...

(Lviv) and from 1682 a

podstoli Deputy pantler ( Lithuanian: pastalininkis, Polish: podstoli) was a court office in Poland and Lithuania. They were the deputy of a pantler, and was responsible for the King's and Grand Duke's pantry. From the 14th century, this was an honorary c ...

of Mielnic. He was married to

Anna Dorota Chrzanowska Anna Dorota Chrzanowska née von Fresen (floruit, fl. 1675), was a Polish heroine of the Polish–Ottoman War (1672–76), known for her acts during the Battle of Trembowla in 1675. Act She was married to Captain Jan Samuel Chrzanowski. In 1675, ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chrzanowski, Jan Samuel 17th-century births 1688 deaths Military personnel from Ternopil Oblast Polish nobility Clan of Poraj Polish military leaders

Life

See also

References