Jan Adam Kruseman (12 February 1804 – 17 March 1862) was a Dutch painter, known primarily for his portraits, although he also did landscapes and
genre
Genre () is any style or form of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially agreed-upon conventions developed over time. In popular usage, it normally describes a category of literature, music, or other fo ...
scenes.
Biography

Kruseman was born in
Haarlem
Haarlem (; predecessor of ''Harlem'' in English language, English) is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the Provinces of the Nether ...
to a prominent family that would produce several well-known artists. In 1819, at the age of fifteen, he went to Amsterdam and enrolled at the Tekenacademie, where he received his first lessons from his cousin,
Cornelis Kruseman
Cornelis Kruseman (; 25 September 1797 – 14 November 1857) was a Dutch painter, draughtsman, etcher, lithographer, silhouettist, paper-cut artist, and art collector.[François-Joseph Navez
François-Joseph Navez (16 November 1787 in Charleroi – 12 October 1869 in Brussels) was a Belgian Neoclassicism, Neoclassical painter; known for his portraits and Genre art, genre scenes.
Biography
As the son of an alderman, in a privileged f ...](_bla ...<br></span></div>. From 1822 to 1824 he studied in Brussels with <div class=)
and
Jacques-Louis David
Jacques-Louis David (; 30 August 1748 – 29 December 1825) was a French painter in the Neoclassicism, Neoclassical style, considered to be the preeminent painter of the era. In the 1780s, his cerebral brand of history painting marked a change in ...
.
[Biographical notes](_blank)
@ Codart.
At the age of twenty-six, in 1830, he became Director of the Academy of Fine Arts (precursor to the
Rijksakademie
The Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten (State Academy of Fine Arts) was founded in 1870 in Amsterdam. It is a classical academy, a place where philosophers, academics and artists meet to test and exchange ideas and knowledge. The school supports ...
).
[Profile from the ]Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie
The Netherlands Institute for Art History or RKD (Dutch: ), previously Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD), is located in The Hague and is home to the largest art history center in the world. The center specializes in document ...
, Three years later, after doing a portrait of
Adriaan van der Hoop
Adriaan van der Hoop (28 April 1778, in Amsterdam – 17 March 1854, in Amsterdam) was a Dutch banker and in the first half of the 19th century one of the richest men in the Netherlands. He also was an influential politician: a member of th ...
, a banker with connections to the
royal family
A royal family is the immediate family of monarchs and sometimes their extended family.
The term imperial family appropriately describes the family of an emperor or empress, and the term papal family describes the family of a pope, while th ...
, he received a commission to paint a posthumous portrait of Tsar
Alexander I Alexander I may refer to:
* Alexander I of Macedon, king of Macedon from 495 to 454 BC
* Alexander I of Epirus (370–331 BC), king of Epirus
* Alexander I Theopator Euergetes, surnamed Balas, ruler of the Seleucid Empire 150-145 BC
* Pope Alex ...
, intended as a gift for
Anna Pavlovna, who was married to
Crown Prince William. After William ascended to the throne, Kruseman was commissioned to paint official portraits of the royal family, including six of the King.
In 1839, along with the engraver André-Benoit Taurel (1794–1859) and Marinus Tétar van Elven (1803–1883), an architect, he became one of the founders of
Arti et Amicitiae
Arti et Amicitiae (lat .: For Art and Friendship) is a Dutch artist's society founded in 1839, and located on the Rokin in Amsterdam. The Society (also called Arti for short) has played a key role in the Netherlands art scene and in particular in ...
.
In 1844, he was named a
Ridder in the
Order of the Netherlands Lion
The Order of the Netherlands Lion, also known as the Order of the Lion of the Netherlands (, ) is a Dutch honours system, Dutch order of chivalry founded by William I of the Netherlands on 29 September 1815.
The Order of the Netherlands Lion wa ...
. He was married in 1826 and had seven children, including
Jan Theodoor Kruseman, who became a noted landscape painter. In 1836, his nephew, the future theologian and poet
Petrus Augustus de Génestet, came to live with his family after being orphaned.
He created over 500 portraits, mostly of the nobility and wealthy burghers. His portraits are notable for their lack of idealization and attention to the details of clothing. He had numerous successful students; among the best-known were
David Bles,
Moritz Calisch and
Jozef Israëls
Jozef Israëls (; 27 January 1824 – 12 August 1911) was a Dutch Painting, painter. He was a leading member of the group of landscape painters referred to as the Hague School and was, during his lifetime, "the most respected Dutch artist of th ...
.
Kruseman died in Haarlem in 1862. After his death, he was largely forgotten although, in the 1960s, a street in
Rosmalen
Rosmalen () is a town in the province of North Brabant, in the south of the Netherlands. The town is located 6 kilometers east of the city of 's-Hertogenbosch (Den Bosch) and has been part of that municipality since 1996. Its population is around ...
was named after him. From 2002 to 2003, a major retrospective was held at the
Het Loo Palace
Paleis Het Loo ( , meaning "The wikt:lea#English, Lea") is a palace in Apeldoorn, Netherlands, built by the House of Orange-Nassau.
History
The symmetry, symmetrical Dutch Baroque architecture, Dutch Baroque building was designed by Jacob Roman ...
and, in 2015, an exhibition featuring all the artists of the extended Kruseman family was held at the
Stedelijk Museum Alkmaar
Stedelijk Museum Alkmaar is a city museum located in the center of Alkmaar on the Canadaplein (Canada Square). The museum is devoted to presenting and preserving the cultural history of Alkmaar and the surrounding region. History
In 1873 the museu ...
.
Selected works
File:Portrait of Giovanni Belzoni by Jan Adam Kruseman, 1824.jpg, '' The Great Belzoni'', 1824
File:Jan Adam Kruseman - Portrait of a Lady - Google Art Project.jpg, Portrait of a Lady
File:The wise and the foolish virgin, by Jan Adam Kruseman.jpg, The wise and the foolish virgin
File:Ada van Holland in exil.jpg, Ada, Countess of Holland
Ada ( – 1234/37) was Count of Holland, Countess regnant of County of Holland, Holland between 1203 and 1207, ruling jointly with her husband, Louis II of Loon. She was deposed and exiled by her paternal uncle, William I, Count of Holland, ...
in Exile
File:Regenten en regentessen van het leprozenhuis te Amsterdam, 1834-35 Rijksmuseum SK-C-1123.jpeg, Regents of the Amsterdam
Leper Colony
A leper colony, also known by many other names, is an isolated community for the quarantining and treatment of lepers, people suffering from leprosy.
'' M. leprae'', the bacterium responsible for leprosy, is believed to have spread from East ...
File:Jan Adam Kruseman William II King of the Netherlands 1840.jpg, King William II
File:Anna Pavlovna as widow by J.B. van der Hulst (1852).jpg, Anna Pavlovna as a widow
File:Jan Adam Kruseman - Portret van Maria Cremer en haar zoon Mr. Isaac Lambertus van den Bergh van Heemstede - 1966.10 - Museum Het Valkhof.jpg, Double portrait of Isaac Lambertus van den Berch and Maria Cremer
File:Rustend meisje Rijksmuseum SK-A-1072.jpeg, Resting girl
File:Jan Adam Kruseman - Salomé met het hoofd van Johannes de Doper 001.JPG, Salome
Salome (; , related to , "peace"; ), also known as Salome III, was a Jews, Jewish princess, the daughter of Herod II and princess Herodias. She was granddaughter of Herod the Great and stepdaughter of Herod Antipas. She is known from the New T ...
with the head of St John the Baptist
John the Baptist ( – ) was a Jewish preacher active in the area of the Jordan River in the early first century AD. He is also known as Saint John the Forerunner in Eastern Orthodoxy and Oriental Orthodoxy, John the Immerser in some Baptist ...
References
Further reading
* J.G. Kam, "Jan Adam Kruseman Jzn. en zijn catalogus van portretten", in the ''Jaarboek Amstelodamum'' #52, 1960
* Anne-Dirk Renting and Esther Lipke-Deetman (Eds.), ''Jan Adam Kruseman 1804–1862, Tentoonstellingscatalogus'', (exhibition catalog) G.J. Thieme/Inco Hippo, 2002
External links
ArtNet: More works by Kruseman.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kruseman, Jan Adam
1804 births
1862 deaths
19th-century Dutch painters
Dutch male painters
Pupils of Jacques-Louis David
Dutch portrait painters
Knights of the Order of the Netherlands Lion
Painters from Haarlem