The architectural firm of Hudson and Wardrop was formed by Philip Burgoyne Hudson (6 February 1887 – 1952) and James Hastie Wardrop MM (1891 – 25 July 1975), in 1919. Both were veterans of

WWI World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in Europe and th ...

who went on to study under

Charles D'Ebro Charles Abraham D'Ebro (1850–1920) was an Australian architect who designed many important buildings in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia during the late Victorian and early Edwardian periods. Many of these buildings are now preserved under herit ...

.St Kilda Historical Society Inc. (2005) "A Place of Sensuous Resort, Buildings of St Kilda and Their People,6,St Kilda Soldiers' & Sailors' Memorial hall Building 88-90A Acland Street, St Kilda." Retrieved 2010-04-05 They are best known for designing the

Shrine of Remembrance The Shrine of Remembrance (commonly referred to as The Shrine) is a war memorial in Melbourne, Victoria (state), Victoria, Australia, located in Kings Domain on St Kilda Road. It was built to honour the men and women of Victoria who served in ...

Melbourne Melbourne ( , ; Boonwurrung language, Boonwurrung/ or ) is the List of Australian capital cities, capital and List of cities in Australia by population, most populous city of the States and territories of Australia, Australian state of Victori ...

Hudson & Wardrop

After forming an alliance in 1919, Hudson and Wardrop entered the competition for the National War Memorial in 1923 and won first prize. The Shrine is known to be Melbourne's most important Public Monument. The design for the shrine was based on the

Parthenon The Parthenon (; ; ) is a former Ancient Greek temple, temple on the Acropolis of Athens, Athenian Acropolis, Greece, that was dedicated to the Greek gods, goddess Athena. Its decorative sculptures are considered some of the high points of c ...

Athens Athens ( ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Greece, largest city of Greece. A significant coastal urban area in the Mediterranean, Athens is also the capital of the Attica (region), Attica region and is the southe ...

and the tomb of

Mausolus Mausolus ( or , ''Mauśoλ'') was a ruler of Caria (377–353 Common Era, BCE) and a satrap of the Achaemenid Empire. He enjoyed the status of king or dynast by virtue of the powerful position created by his father Hecatomnus ( ), who was the fi ...

, the

Mausoleum of Halicarnassus The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus or Tomb of Mausolus (; ) was a tomb built between 353 and 351 BC in Halicarnassus (present Bodrum, Turkey) for Mausolus, an Anatolian from Caria and a satrap in the Achaemenid Persian Empire, and his sister-wi ...

and symbolizes both the democratic tradition for which the soldiers died and the eternity of their afterlife. In 1929 Hudson and Wardrop partnered with architect and engineer Kingsley Ussher particularly to check calculations for the 'eye of light' at the shrine.

The proposal

They compiled a booklet ''The First Brochure on the First Premiated Design. The National War Memorial of Victoria, 1928''. From the brochure:

Several months were devoted by the architects, Messrs. Hudson & Wardrop, to the consideration of the character of the Memorial. It was thought that in accordance with the established custom of observing on Armistice Day, (at the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month) a period of silence, the Memorial must be a silent one. Further, a Memorial to our country's sacrifice in the Great War calls neither for "A Shaft of Might" nor "An Arch of Triumph"; but for a "Shrine of Remembrance" which, by its nobility of mass and line will perpetually inspire men to dedicate themselves to the cause for which the Memorial stands.

The theme is Remembrance, and the design is indicative of Remembrance. It is Australian in feeling, in that it stands for the highest of Australian ideals - ideals we fought for—Patriotism, Sacrifice, Justice, and Freedom. Further, the climax of a pilgrimage to the Memorial is at "The Rock of Remembrance" lit by the eye of light and emblematically guarded by the best of virtues striven for by our glorious dead.

The Site has not an abrupt rise and calls for a structure rather growing out of the contour of the hill than rising abruptly from it. Further, the Memorial is so situated on the site that it will be clearly visible from the heart of the city and easy of access from all approaches—thus bringing the purpose of the Memorial into the daily lives of our citizens. It stands out and dominates the surrounding country, and will be a landmark for all shipping navigating Port Phillip.

The company

In 1946 Robert F. Howden joined the firm as junior partner. A year later Stevenson joined to form Hudson Stevenson Partners. The sudden death of Hudson and the illness of Stevenson led Howden to run the practice. Hugh McLean joined, renaming the firm Hudson Stevenson Howden & McLean. Howden became senior partner followed by the death of Stevenson and the firm became both architects and

engineer Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are professionals who Invention, invent, design, build, maintain and test machines, complex systems, structures, gadgets and materials. They aim to fulfill functional objectives and requirements while ...

s. It was renamed Howden and McLean and now continues as Howden & Wardrop Pty Ltd, Architects & Engineers at 24 Albert Road South Melbourne.

Personal

Hudson was born in

Auckland Auckland ( ; ) is a large metropolitan city in the North Island of New Zealand. It has an urban population of about It is located in the greater Auckland Region, the area governed by Auckland Council, which includes outlying rural areas and ...

New Zealand New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ...

, the son of Charles Hudson, Railway Commissioner of Victoria. As a child he attended

Wellington College Wellington College may refer to: New Zealand * Wellington College, Wellington, New Zealand * Wellington College of Education, now the Faculty of Education of Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand * Wellington Girls' College, Wellington, N ...

in New Zealand and moved to The Friends College High School to continue his education in his early teens. In 1903 Hudson moved to Melbourne and attended

Melbourne University The University of Melbourne (colloquially known as Melbourne University) is a public research university located in Melbourne, Australia. Founded in 1853, it is Australia's second oldest university and the oldest in the state of Victoria. Its ...

to pursue a career in Architecture. Hudson was articled to Anketell Henderson in 1904 and began a practice with D’Ebro over the period of 1904-09. Soon after he established a practice of his own in 1909. Hudson also began teaching architectural drafting with

Harold Desbrowe-Annear Harold Desbrowe-Annear (16 August 1865 – 22 June 1933) was an influential Australian architect who was at the forefront of the development of the Arts and Crafts movement in the country. During the 1890s he was an instructor in architecture at ...

and Haddon at the Working Mens College, now known as

RMIT University The Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (abbreviated as RMIT University) is a public research university located in the city of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia., section 4(b) Established in 1887 by Francis Ormond, it is the seventh-o ...

. A year later, he met Ethel Elise Vincent and was married on 14 December 1910. Ethel gave birth to one son and two daughters and lived in their home in Garden Vale which was designed by Hudson himself in 1914."Modern in Melbourne 1, Melbourne Architecture 1930-50 Practice Archive Hudson & Wardrop Biographical Details" Retrieved 2010-04-05 Born in 1891, James Hastie Wardrop was enlisted in A.I.F. in October 1915, and served in

Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...

before traveling to

England England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It ...

to study briefly in 1919.

Notable projects

Philip Hudson

*1914: Own house at Garden Vale ::Villa at Garden Vale. ::Victoria House apartments 220 Clarendon Street, East Melbourne *1915: Geelong grammar school chapel in association wit Gerard Wight ::Villa in Lansell Road, Toorak. *1919; Architect Philip B. Hudson of Melbourne is inviting ::tenders for brick store and offices,for the Korumburra and District Co-operation Butter Factory Co.Ltd., Station Street Korumburra. *1924: National War memorial -

, Melbourne in association with James Wardrop. *1933: Extension to factory Spencer Street, Melbourne. ::Conversion of existing building, corner of Moore & Kavanagh streets. ::2-storey home in Toorak. *1934: Doctors quarters, Austin Hospital. ::South wing to Geelong College. ::House in Moorakyne Avenue, Malvern. *1936: Melbourne University Union Building. ::Electrolux factory, Alexandra Avenue, South Yarra emolished*1937: Boarding house at Geelong College. *1938: Conversion of warehouse on corner of Degraves street & Flinders Lane. *1939: Commercial Union building 411-3 Collins Street. ::Mackie House, Geelong College

James Wardrop

*1924:

, Melbourne. in association with Philip Hudson ::Own two-storey house in 24 Alston Grove, East St. Kilda. A very similar design was also at Number 39 Balaclava Road, East St Kilda. *1934: Flats in Broadway ('Belmac' in Elwood) *1937:

Alkira House Alkira House is a historic building in Melbourne, Australia. It is widely regarded as one of Melbourne’s most stunning examples of Art Deco architecture. Built in 1936 by architect, James Wardrop (architect), James Wardrop, Alkira House is lo ...

, Queen Street, City. *1938: Trumold Tyre Workshop (now 'Mossquito' Restaurant), Queens Parade, Clifton Hill. ::United Kingdom Hotel (now McDonald's), Queens Parade, Clifton hill. *1939: Flats 'Shirley Court' 135 Mooltan Street Travancore, Flemington. ::2-storey house, Broadford.

Awards and achievements

In 1907 Hudson won a RIVA Silver Medal for an Art Gallery competition, and in 1915 went on to win first prize in the competition to design the

Geelong Grammar School Geelong Grammar School is a private Anglican co-educational boarding and day school. The school's main campus is located in Corio on the northern outskirts of Geelong, Victoria, Australia, overlooking Corio Bay and Limeburners Bay. Establ ...

’s chapel in association with Gerard Wight. He received a second RIVA silver medal in 1920 and was nominated as the president of RIVA from 1924 to 1926. In 1924 he won the most notable prize for the international competition for National War memorial - Shrine of Remembrance, Melbourne in association with James Wardrop. In 1911 Wardrop won the RIVA silver medal for his design for the branch bank & Bronze for measured drawings. Two years later he was an elected associate of RIVA.

Notes

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hudson And Wardrop Architecture firms of Australia Architecture firms based in Victoria (state)