Jahrom () is a city in the Central District of

Jahrom County Jahrom County () is in Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Jahrom. History After the 2006 National Census, the village of Duzeh was elevated to the status of a city. In 2019, Khafr District was separated from the county in t ...

, Fars province,

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is also the administrative center for Jolgah Rural District. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Heydarabad. Jahrom is the largest city in southern Fars and the second-largest in the province. Jahrom is one of the historical cities of Iran. The founder of the city of Jahrom,

Artaxerxes I of Persia Artaxerxes I (, ; ) was the fifth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, from 465 to December 424 BC. He was the third son of Xerxes I. In Greek sources he is also surnamed "Long-handed" ( ''Makrókheir''; ), allegedly because his ri ...

, the son of

Xerxes I Xerxes I ( – August 465 BC), commonly known as Xerxes the Great, was a List of monarchs of Persia, Persian ruler who served as the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 486 BC until his assassination in 465 BC. He was ...

, the fifth Achaemenid king. Ferdosi has mentioned Jahrom many times in

Shahnameh The ''Shahnameh'' (, ), also transliterated ''Shahnama'', is a long epic poem written by the Persian literature, Persian poet Ferdowsi between and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran. Consisting of some 50,000 distichs or couple ...

, especially in the stories related to

Ardashir I Ardashir I (), also known as Ardashir the Unifier (180–242 AD), was the founder of the Sasanian Empire, the last empire of ancient Iran. He was also Ardashir V of the Kings of Persis, until he founded the new empire. After defeating the last Par ...

. There are many ancient monuments and tourist attractions in Jahrom, Such as Sangtarashan cave, Jameh Mosque of Jahrom, Jahrom bazaar, Khan school and fire temple of Jahrom (Qadamgah). Jahrom is southeast of

Shiraz Shiraz (; ) is the List of largest cities of Iran, fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars province, which has been historically known as Pars (Sasanian province), Pars () and Persis. As of the 2016 national census, the popu ...

, the

capital Capital and its variations may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** Capital region, a metropolitan region containing the capital ** List of national capitals * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Econom ...

of Fars province. Jahrom has a

hot semi-arid climate A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a dry climate sub-type. It is located on regions that receive precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate. There are different kinds of sem ...

, the average

rain Rain is a form of precipitation where water drop (liquid), droplets that have condensation, condensed from Water vapor#In Earth's atmosphere, atmospheric water vapor fall under gravity. Rain is a major component of the water cycle and is res ...

fall is about per year, and the average temperature is about . The average height of Jahrom is about above sea level. The majority of people in Jahrom are

Persians Persians ( ), or the Persian people (), are an Iranian ethnic group from West Asia that came from an earlier group called the Proto-Iranians, which likely split from the Indo-Iranians in 1800 BCE from either Afghanistan or Central Asia. They ...

and

Shia Muslims Shia Islam is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political Succession to Muhammad, successor (caliph) and as the spiritual le ...

. Jahrom, with several universities, hospitals and medical centers, is one of the academic and medical hubs of

southern Iran Southern Iran consists of the southern mountain ranges of Zagros and Central Iranian Range, Khuzestan Plain and the northern coasts of Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz. Definition It includes the provinces of Fars province, Fars, Kohgiluyeh ...

. Jahrom has two industrial towns, a special economic zone, a

dry port A dry port (sometimes referred to as an inland port) is an inland intermodal terminal directly connected by road or rail to a seaport, operating as a centre for the transshipment of sea cargo to inland destinations. In addition to their role i ...

, a petrochemical plant, an

international airport An international airport is an airport with customs and border control facilities enabling passengers to travel between countries. International airports are usually larger than domestic airports, and feature longer runways and have faciliti ...

, an

IRIB The Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB; ) or Seda va Sima () for short, formerly called National Iranian Radio and Television until the Iranian revolution of 1979, is an Iranian state-controlled media corporation that holds a monopo ...

center,

customs Customs is an authority or Government agency, agency in a country responsible for collecting tariffs and for controlling International trade, the flow of goods, including animals, transports, personal effects, and hazardous items, into and out ...

and a

combined cycle power plant A combined cycle power plant is an assembly of heat engines that work in tandem from the same source of heat, converting it into mechanical energy. On land, when used to make electricity the most common type is called a combined cycle gas turb ...

. Jahrom has special

governorate A governorate or governate is an administrative division headed by a governor. As English-speaking nations tend to call regions administered by governors either states or provinces, the term ''governorate'' is typically used to calque divisions ...

and the municipality of the city is the second municipality in Fars province in terms of history of establishment and degree of municipality after Shiraz. Jahrom's economy is based on agriculture and industry, and its most important agricultural products are

date Date or dates may refer to: * Date, the fruit of the date palm (''Phoenix dactylifera'') * Jujube, also known as red date or Chinese date, the fruit of ''Ziziphus jujuba'' Social activity *Dating, a form of courtship involving social activi ...

s and

citrus ''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, mandarins, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. ''Citrus'' is nativ ...

. Jahrom produces 1.2% of the world's

dates Date or dates may refer to: * Date, the fruit of the date palm (''Phoenix dactylifera'') * Jujube, also known as red date or Chinese date, the fruit of ''Ziziphus jujuba'' Social activity *Dating, a form of courtship involving social activit ...

and 6% of its

fruits every year. Jahrom International Airport serves the city.

Etymology

There are three theories about the name Jahrom. Based on

Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan The (''Book of the Deeds of Ardashir, Son of Papag'') is a short Middle Persian prose tale written in the Sasanian period (226–651). It tells the story of Ardashir I, the founder of the Sasanian dynasty, including his rise to the throne, battl ...

, in which Jahrom is mentioned as "Zarham"; It is probable that Jahrom means "green space". Based on Ahmad Kasravi, the late Iranian historian and

philologist Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also defined as the study of ...

, the name Jahrom can be analyzed to render a "warm-place". Jahrom consists of "Ja" and "Hrom", Ja means "place" and "Hrom" in

Avestan Avestan ( ) is the liturgical language of Zoroastrianism. It belongs to the Iranian languages, Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family and was First language, originally spoken during the Avestan period, Old ...

means "high and forbidden fortress", which is other name of the city of Barzeh (the current

Takht-e Soleymān Takht-e Soleymān (), is an archaeological site in West Azerbaijan, Iran dating back to the Sasanian Empire. It lies midway between Urmia and Hamadan, very near the present-day town of Takab, and west of Tehran. The fortified site, which is lo ...

) In

Iranian Azerbaijan Azerbaijan or Azarbaijan (, , ), also known as Iranian Azerbaijan, is a historical region in northwestern Iran that borders Iraq and Turkey to the west and Armenia, Azerbaijan, and the Azerbaijani exclave of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republ ...

, near the city of

Maragheh Maragheh () is a city in the Central District (Maragheh County), Central District of Maragheh County, East Azerbaijan province, East Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Maragheh is on the bank of ...

Nicknames

"Green umbrella" is a nickname of Jahrom due to the resemblance of the huge masses of

palm Palm most commonly refers to: * Palm of the hand, the central region of the front of the hand * Palm plants, of family Arecaceae ** List of Arecaceae genera **Palm oil * Several other plants known as "palm" Palm or Palms may also refer to: Music ...

trees of Jahrom to green umbrellas. "Dar ol-Momenin" is the other nickname which means "house of faithful people" because of high percentage of

Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world ...

believers in the city. Jahrom is also known as the "City of Sour Gold" due to production of

lime Lime most commonly refers to: * Lime (fruit), a green citrus fruit * Lime (material), inorganic materials containing calcium, usually calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide * Lime (color), a color between yellow and green Lime may also refer to: Bo ...

and the "Land of Palms and Oranges", which are the two well-known plant species of the city and surrounding areas.

History

Jahrom's history goes back some 2500 years when the

Achaemenid The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (; , , ), was an Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC. Based in modern-day Iran, it was the large ...

s established the

Persian Empire The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (; , , ), was an Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC. Based in modern-day Iran, it was the larg ...

. The establishment of the city is attributed to

. The

Sassanid The Sasanian Empire (), officially Eranshahr ( , "Empire of the Iranian peoples, Iranians"), was an List of monarchs of Iran, Iranian empire that was founded and ruled by the House of Sasan from 224 to 651. Enduring for over four centuries, th ...

monument of Qadamgāh is located to the south of the city, experts believe the monument was constructed during the late Sasanian dynastic era (224-651 AD), and it was a

Zoroastrian Zoroastrianism ( ), also called Mazdayasnā () or Beh-dīn (), is an Iranian religion centred on the Avesta and the teachings of Zarathushtra Spitama, who is more commonly referred to by the Greek translation, Zoroaster ( ). Among the wo ...

shrine, probably a fire temple. Jahrom is the birthplace of Barbod, who became the main

lyricist A lyricist is a writer who writes lyrics (the spoken words), as opposed to a composer, who writes the song's music which may include but not limited to the melody, harmony, arrangement and accompaniment. Royalties A lyricist's income derives ...

and musician in the

court A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between Party (law), parties and Administration of justice, administer justice in Civil law (common law), civil, Criminal law, criminal, an ...

of the great Sassanid king

Khosrau II Khosrow II (spelled Chosroes II in classical sources; and ''Khosrau''), commonly known as Khosrow Parviz (New Persian: , "Khosrow the Victorious"), is considered to be the last great Sasanian King of Kings (Shahanshah) of Iran, ruling from 590 ...

(Parviz). Jahrom was conquered by the Muslims in 641 or 644 after a fierce battle. "The Valley of the Martyrs" in west of the city was the site of this battle, which is why it is called so. As it is described in

Fars-Nama ''Fārsnāma'' (, "The Book of Fars") is a local Persian-language history and geography of Fars province, Persia, written between 1105 and 1116 during the Seljuk period. It is attributed to the otherwise unknown Ibn al-Balkhi (), a native of Far ...

, Jahrom's taxes were paid to the

Crown Prince A crown prince or hereditary prince is the heir apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy. The female form of the title, crown princess, is held by a woman who is heir apparent or is married to the heir apparent. ''Crown prince ...

during the

Buyid The Buyid dynasty or Buyid Empire was a Zaydi and later Twelver Shi'a dynasty of Daylamite origin. Founded by Imad al-Dawla, they mainly ruled over central and southern Iran and Iraq from 934 to 1062. Coupled with the rise of other Iranian dyna ...

period. In the late

Safavid The Guarded Domains of Iran, commonly called Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire, was one of the largest and longest-lasting Iranian empires. It was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the begi ...

and early

Zand Zand may refer to: * Zend, a class of exegetical commentaries on Zoroastrian scripture * Zand District, an administrative subdivision of Iran * Zand Boulevard, in Shiraz, Iran * Z And, a variable star As a tribal/clan and dynastic name * Zand trib ...

periods, was the start date of planting trees in Jahrom, specially

trees. During the

Qajar The Guarded Domains of Iran, alternatively the Sublime State of Iran and commonly called Qajar Iran, Qajar Persia or the Qajar Empire, was the Iranian state under the rule of the Qajar dynasty, which was of Turkic origin,Cyrus Ghani. ''Iran an ...

period, the ruler of this city began to build buildings and places for urban affairs, including the construction of the bazaar, as well as numerous

caravanserai A caravanserai (or caravansary; ) was an inn that provided lodging for travelers, merchants, and Caravan (travellers), caravans. They were present throughout much of the Islamic world. Depending on the region and period, they were called by a ...

s and the development of the city. In 1887, Mohammad Hassan Mirza Mohandes, introduced Jahrom as the largest and most prosperous city in Persia after

and

Bushehr Bushehr (; ) is a port city in the Central District (Bushehr County), Central District of Bushehr County, Bushehr province, Bushehr province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. Etymology The roots of the n ...

. Etemad os-Saltanah describes Jahrom in the late

period a larger city than cities like

Qom Qom (; ) is a city in the Central District of Qom County, Qom province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is the seventh largest metropolis and also the seventh largest city in Iran. The city is ...

and

Kashan Kashan (; ) is a city in the Central District (Kashan County), Central District of Kashan County, in the northern part of Isfahan province, Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. History Earlies ...

. People of Jahrom had an important rule in tobacco protests of 1890 and

Persian Constitutional Revolution The Persian Constitutional Revolution (, or ''Enghelāb-e Mashrūteh''), also known as the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, took place between 1905 and 1911 during the Qajar Iran, Qajar era. The revolution led to the establishment of a Majl ...

of early 20th century. Abd al-Husayn Najafi Lari was the Islamic leader of the city in this period. Jahrom also had an important role in the

Islamic revolution of Iran The Iranian Revolution (, ), also known as the 1979 Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution of 1979 (, ) was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Impe ...

and was one of the 11 cities with

martial law Martial law is the replacement of civilian government by military rule and the suspension of civilian legal processes for military powers. Martial law can continue for a specified amount of time, or indefinitely, and standard civil liberties ...

in pre-revolution protests. Seyyed Hossein ayatollahi was the Islamic leader of Jahrom in that period. A soldier killed the military governor of Jahrom on the birthday of

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (26 October 1919 – 27 July 1980) was the last List of monarchs of Iran, Shah of Iran, ruling from 1941 to 1979. He succeeded his father Reza Shah and ruled the Imperial State of Iran until he was overthrown by the ...

on 6 October 1978. 1,200 people of Jahrom were martyred during

Iran–Iraq War The Iran–Iraq War, also known as the First Gulf War, was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. Active hostilities began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for nearly eight years, unti ...

Demographics

Population

, Jahrom has a population of 141,634, in 25,946 families. Jahrom is the largest city in the southern half of

Fars province Fars Province or Pars Province, also known as Persis or Farsistan (فارسستان), is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shiraz. Pars province has an area of 122,400 km2 and is located in Iran's southwest, i ...

, the second one in whole province and 67th most populated city in

. As of the same year, the city had a population density of and +11.38% population growth; while

had a population of 228,532 inhabitants; which decreased to 186,269 after the promotion of

Khafr District Khafr District () is a former administrative division of Jahrom County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital was the city of Bab Anar. History In 2019, the district was separated from the county in the establishment of Khafr County Kha ...

Khafr County Khafr County () is in Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Bab Anar, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 7,061 people in 2,230 households. History In 2019, Khafr District was separated from Jahrom Coun ...

in 2019.

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 103,023 in 25,946 households. The following

census A census (from Latin ''censere'', 'to assess') is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording, and calculating population information about the members of a given Statistical population, population, usually displayed in the form of stati ...

in 2011 counted 114,108 people in 32,766 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 141,634 people in 43,349 households.

Ethnicity

The main ethnic group in Jahrom consists of

, while

Basseri The Basseri () are a Persian nomadic and pastoral tribe of the Fars province in Iran. Their migratory area is around Shiraz. They are one of the five tribes of the larger Khamseh confederation. The "tent" is the basic unit of social organizatio ...

es and

Arabs Arabs (, , ; , , ) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world. Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of yea ...

constitute small minorities. They had nomadic life and later

sedentism In anthropology, sedentism (sometimes called sedentariness; compare sedentarism) is the practice of living in one place for a long time. As of , the large majority of people belong to sedentary cultures. In evolutionary anthropology and arch ...

. Due to the geographical characteristics of Jahrom, specially good Rangeland for nomads, Jahrom has long been a residing area for these nomadic peoples.

Language

People in Jahrom speak

Persian language Persian ( ), also known by its endonym and exonym, endonym Farsi (, Fārsī ), is a Western Iranian languages, Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian languages, Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian subdivision ...

. They have a special accent which is closely related to

Middle Persian Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg ( Inscriptional Pahlavi script: , Manichaean script: , Avestan script: ) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasania ...

. The most significant sign of Jahromi accent is dropping the last letter in words ending in vowels. Following is an example of a Jahromi poem:

Religion

The majority of city are

, but there is also a small Immigrant

Sunni Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam and the largest religious denomination in the world. It holds that Muhammad did not appoint any successor and that his closest companion Abu Bakr () rightfully succeeded him as the caliph of the Mu ...

minority in the city. Religion conversion from

Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism ( ), also called Mazdayasnā () or Beh-dīn (), is an Iranian religions, Iranian religion centred on the Avesta and the teachings of Zoroaster, Zarathushtra Spitama, who is more commonly referred to by the Greek translation, ...

occurred after Muslims conquer in 641 or 644 AD. Before that era, Zoroastrianism was the dominant religion of Jahrom as the other parts of the Sassanid Iran. Jahrom also had a small

Jewish Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...

community all of whom migrated to Shiraz and Israel in the past decades. After the establishment of

Baháʼí Faith The Baháʼí Faith is a religion founded in the 19th century that teaches the Baháʼí Faith and the unity of religion, essential worth of all religions and Baháʼí Faith and the unity of humanity, the unity of all people. Established by ...

in 1863, a significant Baháʼí community formed in Jahrom, some of whom were killed during anti-Baháʼí rebellions and now all of them have migrated.

Geography

Location

Jahrom, the capital of

, is located in the south of

. The county has an area of ,

borders it to the north,

Fasa FASA Corporation was an American publisher of role-playing games, wargaming, wargames and board games between 1980 and 2001, after which they closed publishing operations for several years, becoming an IP holding company under the name FASA In ...

and Zarrindasht Counties borders it to the east,

Larestan County Larestan County () is in Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Lar. History Early history In the medieval ages, Laristan was ruled by the local Miladian dynasty, until it was removed by a Safavid invasion in 1602 led by Allahverd ...

borders it to the south, and Firuzabad and Qir and Karzin Counties borders it to the west. About four-fifths of the area of Jahrom County is mountainous and the rest is consist of plains. The heights are parts of

Zagros Mountains The Zagros Mountains are a mountain range in Iran, northern Iraq, and southeastern Turkey. The mountain range has a total length of . The Zagros range begins in northwestern Iran and roughly follows Iran's western border while covering much of s ...

. The average height of the city is about , the highest point of the county is the "Sepidar peak" between Khafr county and Simkan district which is about , and the lowest point is about in Simkan district. Qare Aghaj, Shoor and Simakan are among the rivers of Jahrom County. Salman Farsi Dam is located west of Jahrom.

Climate

Jahrom has a

(

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...

: ''BSh''); The average rainfall is about per year. The average temperature in this city is about . The maximum temperature in summer reaches and the minimum temperature in winter reaches .

Economic

Jahrom's economic is based on agriculture. there are 350,000

palm trees The Arecaceae () is a family of perennial, flowering plants in the monocot order Arecales. Their growth form can be climbers, shrubs, tree-like and stemless plants, all commonly known as palms. Those having a tree-like form are colloquially ...

and 5.3 million

trees in Jahrom which makes Jahrom an agricultural pole in

. Jahrom produces 1.2% of the world's dates and 6% of its citrus fruits every year. Shahani is the most well-known date cultivar of Jahrom. Jahrom is also the biggest

Citrus limetta ''Citrus limetta'', alternatively considered to be a cultivar of ''Citrus limon'', ''C. limon'' 'Limetta', is a species of ''citrus'', commonly known as mousami, musami, mosambi, sweet lime, sweet lemon, and sweet limetta, it is a member of the ...

producer of the world. Jahrom has several factories including flour, dairy, brick, rug, plaster, plastic, jam, lemon juice, macaroni and cake factory. Jahrom is also the citrus sorting hub of Iran.

charcoal Charcoal is a lightweight black carbon residue produced by strongly heating wood (or other animal and plant materials) in minimal oxygen to remove all water and volatile constituents. In the traditional version of this pyrolysis process, ca ...

is also produced in large amounts in Jahrom.

Products

Dates Date or dates may refer to: * Date, the fruit of the date palm (''Phoenix dactylifera'') * Jujube, also known as red date or Chinese date, the fruit of ''Ziziphus jujuba'' Social activity *Dating, a form of courtship involving social activit ...

, especially cultivars like Shahani, Rotab, Qasb and Kharak; and also citruses like

lemon The lemon (''Citrus'' × ''limon'') is a species of small evergreen tree in the ''Citrus'' genus of the flowering plant family Rutaceae. A true lemon is a hybrid of the citron and the bitter orange. Its origins are uncertain, but some ...

orange Orange most often refers to: *Orange (fruit), the fruit of the tree species '' Citrus'' × ''sinensis'' ** Orange blossom, its fragrant flower ** Orange juice *Orange (colour), the color of an orange fruit, occurs between red and yellow in the vi ...

tangerine The tangerine is a type of citrus fruit that is orange in colour, that is considered either a variety of the mandarin orange (''Citrus reticulata''), or a closely related species, under the name ''Citrus tangerina'', or yet as a hybrid (''Citr ...

citrus limetta ''Citrus limetta'', alternatively considered to be a cultivar of ''Citrus limon'', ''C. limon'' 'Limetta', is a species of ''citrus'', commonly known as mousami, musami, mosambi, sweet lime, sweet lemon, and sweet limetta, it is a member of the ...

bitter orange The bitter orange, sour orange, Seville orange, bigarade orange, or marmalade orange is the hybrid citrus tree species ''Citrus'' × ''aurantium'', and its fruit. It is native to Southeast Asia and has been spread by humans to many parts of th ...

, and

citron The citron (''Citrus medica''), historically cedrate, is a large fragrant citrus fruit with a thick Peel (fruit), rind. It is said to resemble a 'huge, rough lemon'. It is one of the Citrus taxonomy#Citrons, original citrus fruits from which al ...

are the most well-known products of Jahrom.

orange blossom The orange blossom is the fragrant flower of the orange (fruit), ''Citrus sinensis'' (orange tree). It is used in perfume making and has been written about as an aphrodisiac. Orange blossom Essential oil, essence is an important component in ...

, lemon juice, and date-based sweets like Ranginak and different

halva Halva (also halvah, halwa, halua, and other spellings; ) is a type of confectionery that is widely spread throughout the Middle East and North Africa, Eastern Europe and the Balkans, Central Asia, and South Asia. The name is used for a broad va ...

s are also produced in Jahrom.

Giveh Giveh or Giwah () is a kind of handmade shoe that is common in several parts of Iran especially in rural and mountainous areas of Kermanshah Province. The production centers of Giveh are the provinces of Yazd Province, Yazd and Kermanshah and Arak ...

carpet A carpet is a textile floor covering typically consisting of an upper layer of Pile (textile), pile attached to a backing. The pile was traditionally made from wool, but since the 20th century synthetic fiber, synthetic fibres such as polyprop ...

felt Felt is a textile that is produced by matting, condensing, and pressing fibers together. Felt can be made of natural fibers such as wool or animal fur, or from synthetic fibers such as petroleum-based acrylic fiber, acrylic or acrylonitrile or ...

kilim A kilim ( ; ; ) is a flat tapestry-weaving, woven carpet or rug traditionally produced in countries of the former Persian Empire, including Iran and Turkey, but also in the Balkans and the Turkic countries. Kilims can be purely decorative ...

, cuprous dishes, and

wicker Wicker is a method of weaving used to make products such as furniture and baskets, as well as a descriptor to classify such products. It is the oldest furniture making method known to history, dating as far back as . Wicker was first documented ...

s are handicrafts of the city. Jahromi Gheimeh is a special

Gheimeh Gheimeh, gheymeh, or qeimeh () is an Iranian stew (''khoresh'') consisting of diced mutton, tomatoes, split peas, onion, and dried lime, garnished with golden, thinly sliced crispy potatoes. The stew is sometimes garnished with fried eggplant and ...

cooked in Jahrom.

Infrastructure

*Jahrom combined cycle power plant *Jahrom Petrochemistry *Jahrom especial economic zone *Jahrom economic town *Kosar economic town

Education

Colleges and Universities

Jahrom has several academic centers and there is about 20,000 students in its universities. The first higher education center in Jahrom was the Teacher Training University, which was established in 1956. The basic sciences school of Jahrom was established in 1973 and the medical school in 1977. Later in 2011 and 2007 they were promoted to Jahrom University and Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. Islamic Azad University of Jahrom was established in 1988 and Payame-Noor university in 1989. the higher education centers of Jahrom include: * Jahrom University * Jahrom University of Medical Sciences * Islamic Azad University, Jahrom Branch * Payame-Noor university of Jahrom *Andisheh College *

University of Applied Science and Technology The University of Applied Science and Technology (UAST) () is a public university in Iran administrated by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. It was established in 1992 and has 1500 education centers in various provinces of Iran. ...

, Agriculture College of Jahrom

Health

Jahrom with several hospitals and medical centers is a medical hub in Fars province and

Southern Iran Southern Iran consists of the southern mountain ranges of Zagros and Central Iranian Range, Khuzestan Plain and the northern coasts of Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz. Definition It includes the provinces of Fars province, Fars, Kohgiluyeh ...

. The sterilization center and the

Cleanroom A cleanroom or clean room is an engineered space that maintains a very low concentration of airborne particulates. It is well-isolated, well-controlled from contamination, and actively cleansed. Such rooms are commonly needed for scientifi ...

of the Southern Iran are located in Jahrom. There is also a Health Technology Development Center in the city.

Hospitals

*Peymanieh hospital *Motahhari hospital *Seyyedosh-shohada hospital *Aboutalebi heart hospital *Rahmanian psychiatric hospital

Medical centers

* Khatam ol-Anbia Cancer center * Javad ol-Aemeh Chemotherapy center * Honari Infertility Center * Hakim Salman Infertility Center * Honari speciality clinic * Emam Reza speciality clinic * Dental speciality clinic

Transport and communications

Communication roads

The most important roads in Jahrom are: *Jahrom-Shiraz highway *Jahrom-Lar under construction highway *Jahrom-Fasa road *Jahrom-Qir road *Jahrom-Khavaran-Sarvestan road *Jahrom-Hakan road *Jahrom-Simakan-Meymand road

Airport

Jahrom International Airport, established in 1969, has 4 weekly flights to Tehran

Mehrabad International Airport Mehrabad Interglobal Airport is an airport serving Tehran, the capital of Iran. Prior to the construction of the larger Imam Khomeini International Airport in 2007, Mehrabad was Tehran's primary airport for both international and domestic tr ...

Mashhad International Airport Mashhad International Airport () is an international airport located in Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran. The airbase serves jointly as a civilian airport and a military airbase. Overview Mashhad international airport is the Iran's second-busies ...

and

Chabahar Konarak Airport Chabahar/Konarak International Airport () is an international airport located in 49 kilometers west of the city of Chabahar, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran, in Konarak, Iran, Konarak. The airport has flight connections to different parts ...

. The flights to Tehran are carried out on Saturdays and Mondays.

Railway

There is an under construction railway project Connecting Shiraz to Bandar abbas which will have a station in Jahrom.Milad Larestan magazine
/ref>

Bus terminal

Shahid Rahmanian is the bus terminal of Jahrom with daily buses to Shiraz, Tehran, Isfahan, Bandar Abbas, Lar, etc.

Notable people

Barbad Barbad (; ) was a Persian musician-poet, music theorist and composer of Sasanian music. He served as chief minstrel-poet under the Shahanshah Khosrow II (). A '' barbat'' player, he was the most distinguished Persian musician of his time and ...

, one of the first musicians in the world *

Mohammad-Javad Azari Jahromi Mohammad-Javad Azari Jahromi (; born 16 September 1982) is an Iranian politician and former intelligence officer who served as the Minister of Information and Communications Technology in the administration of President Hassan Rouhani from 2017 t ...

, Iranian Minister of Information and Communications Technology * Mohammad Jahromi, former Iranian minister of labour and social affairs *

Ali Mohammad Besharati Ali Mohammad Besharati (born 1945) is a senior Iranian politician who served as deputy foreign minister and also, interior minister. Early life and education Besharati was born in Jahrom in 1945. He studied medicine. However, he holds a bachelo ...

, former Iranian

Minister of Interior An interior minister (sometimes called a minister of internal affairs or minister of home affairs) is a cabinet official position that is responsible for internal affairs, such as public security, civil registration and identification, emergency ...

* Mehdi Shabzendedar Jahromi, Iranian

Shia Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political successor (caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community (imam). However, his right is understood ...

jurist and member of the

Guardian Council The Guardian Council (also called Council of Guardians or Constitutional Council, ) is an appointed and constitutionally mandated 12-member council that wields considerable power and influence in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The constitution ...

* Seyyed Hossein ayatollahi, Shiite clergyman and Ruhollah Khomeini's Representative in jahrom. * Abd al-Husayn Lari, clergymen and jurists of South Iran *

Lotfollah Dezhkam Lotfollah Dezhkam ( Persian: ) is the Representative of the Supreme Leader in Fars province, Imam of Friday Prayer of Shiraz and the Representative of Fars in Assembly of Experts The Assembly of Experts (), also translated as the Assembly o ...

, Ayatollah, Friday leading prayer of

and Representative of Guardian of the Islamic Jurist in

* Sayyid Abdul-Nabi Mousavi Fard, Ayatollah, Friday leading prayer of

Ahwaz Ahvaz (; ) is a city in the Central District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is home to Persians, Arabs and other groups such as Qashqai and Kurds. Languages spok ...

and Representative of Guardian of the Islamic Jurist in

Khuzestan province Khuzestan province () is one of the 31 Provinces of Iran. Located in the southwest of the country, the province borders Iraq and the Persian Gulf, covering an area of . Its capital is the city of Ahvaz. Since 2014, it has been part of Iran's R ...

* Mohammad Reza Rezaei Kouchi, Representative of

Iranian parliament The Islamic Consultative Assembly (), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the unicameral national legislative body of Iran. The parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an i ...

and head of the civil commission of the parliament *

Ali-Mohammad Khademi Ali Mohammad Khademi (, 24 May 1913 – 7 November 1978) was the general manager of Iran Air from 1962 until 1978. Early life Khademi was born in Jahrom. He studied at the Military Academy and Air Force Flying School in Tehran, British Civil A ...

, former general manager of

Iran Air Iran Air, officially known as The Airline of the Islamic Republic of Iran (), or before known as The National Airline of Iran (), is the flag carrier of Iran, which is headquartered at Mehrabad Airport in Tehran. As of 2024, it operates sched ...

* Ali Torab Jahromi, Iranian poet * Ali Mohammad Haghshenas, Iranian linguist

Gallery

file:Sangshekan.JPG, Inside of Sangtarashan cave file:باغ نخلستان جهرم.JPG, Palm trees in Jahrom file:Qalat Jahrom.jpg, Qalat, Jahrom file:پارک جنگلی جهرم.JPG, City park file:Mina ranjbaran.jpg, House of Toufan file:Jahrom-residantal-towers.jpg, Buildings in Jahrom file:Chatiz, Jahrom.jpg, Chatiz forest file:Jahrom_005.JPG, Shrine of Abd al-Husayn Lari

Notes

References

External links

municipality of Jahrom
{{Jahrom County, state=collapsed Populated places in Jahrom County Cities in Fars province