Jacques Marie Boudin de Tromelin, Chevalier de La NuguyAlternatively written Tromelin-Lanuguy or Lanuguy-Tromelin (Ploujean, 31 May 1751 — ''Norge'', 4 December 1798) was a French Navy officer. He served in the Indian Ocean under Suffren during the

American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which Am ...

Tromelin Island Tromelin Island (; , ), once called the Isle of Sand, is a low, flat island in the Indian Ocean about north of Réunion and about east of Madagascar. Both France and Mauritius claim sovereignty over the islands, and France includes it in t ...

is named after him.

Biography

Born to Marie-Françoise Le Diouguel de Penanru and Jacques Boudin de Tromelin, Tromelin-Lanuguy joined the Navy as a

Garde-Marine Gardes de la Marine is a junior officer rank, usually used in American navies, as well as a former rank used in France. France In France, under the Ancien Régime, the (Guards of the Navy), or were young gentlemen undergoing training to be nav ...

in Brest on 12 January 1766. He served in Bayonne and Saint-Malo. From 1 November 1767 to 27 January 1768, he served on the 32-gun frigate ''Sensible'', under Captain du Chaffault, for a cruise to the Caribbean. Sick, he was disembarked at

Saint-Domingue Saint-Domingue () was a French colonization of the Americas, French colony in the western portion of the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, in the area of modern-day Haiti, from 1659 to 1803. The name derives from the Spanish main city on the isl ...

and returned to Brest on a merchantman. He then served as first officer on the

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''Lézard'', under his older brother Tromelin-Launay, departing Lorient in October 1772 to arrive at Isle de France (Mauritius) in June 1773. He was promoted to Ensign on 1 October 1773.

''Dauphine''

Tromelin-Lanuguy then served as first officer on ''Dauphine'', taking part in

Kerguelen The Kerguelen Islands ( or ; in French commonly ' but officially ', ), also known as the Desolation Islands (' in French), are a group of islands in the sub-Antarctic region. They are among the most isolated places on Earth, with the closest t ...

's second expedition. After the return of the ships to Madagascar, he took command of ''Dauphine'' on 14 June 1774. On 29 November 1776, ''Dauphine'' rescued 7 women and an 8-month child, sole survivors of 160 slaves abandoned by the crew of a

slave ship Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting Slavery, slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea ( ...

wrecked on "Isle aux Sables" (now

) on 27 September 1761, some 15 years earlier. In August 1778, Tromelin-Lanuguy was appointed to the 22-gun fluyt ''Pintade'', bound for France. He left Isle de France on 28 December 1778 and arrived at Lorient on 2 July 1779. On the way, he repelled an attack from a British privateer, which earned him the Cross of the

Order of Saint Louis The Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis () is a dynastic order of chivalry founded 5 April 1693 by King Louis XIV, named after Saint Louis (King Louis IX of France). It was intended as a reward for exceptional officers, notable as the fi ...

and a promotion to Lieutenant.

War of American Independence

During the

War of American Independence The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which Am ...

, Tromelin-Lanuguy served in the Indian Ocean in a squadron under Rear-Admiral Thomas d'Estienne d'Orves. He was commanding the corvette ''Sylphide'' when the squadron departed Isle de France on 7 December 1781. On 9 February 1782, Estienne d'Orves died and Suffren assumed command of the squadron. He re-appointed his captains and gave Tromelin-Lanuguy command of the corvette ''Subtile''. In March 1782, in the wake of the

Battle of Sadras The Battle of Sadras was the first of five largely indecisive naval battles fought between a British fleet (under Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Hughes) and a French fleet (under Admiral Pierre Suffren) off the east coast of India during the Anglo-F ...

, Suffren transferred Tromelin-Lanuguy to ''Pourvoyeuse'', replacing Lieutenant de Ruyter. Tromelin-Lanuguy took part in the

Battle of Providien The Battle of Providien was the second in a series of naval battles fought between a British fleet, under Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Hughes, and a French fleet, under the Bailli de Suffren, off the coast of India during the Anglo-French War. The ...

on 12 April 1782. In April 1782, Tromelin-Lanuguy escorted prizes captured by ''Bellone'' to

Tharangambadi Tharangambadi (), formerly Tranquebar (, ), is a town in the Mayiladuthurai district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu on the Coromandel Coast. It lies north of Karaikal, near the mouth of a distributary named Uppanar of the Kaveri River. ...

, and from there sailed to Malaca to procure supplies and spare parts. On his journey back, he encountered five East Indiamen, resulting in the action of 10 September 1782 after which he withdrew. Upon his return, Tromelin-Lanuguy suffered the scorn of Suffren, who blamed him for failing to press his attack on the East Indiamen. Suffren repeatedly accused Tromelin-Lanuguy oh "disgracing the flag", but when he offered to resign, Suffren refused. Tromelin-Lanuguy briefly commanded the 64-gun ''Saint-Michel'' from 18 May 1783 to 25 July, before returning to ''Pourvoyeuse''.

Interwar

On 12 January 1784, Tromelin-Lanuguy married Marie Charlotte Julie Martin. That year, he took command of ''Osterley''. He was promoted to Major de vaisseau on 1 May 1786.

French Revolution

In 1790, Tromelin-Lanuguy requested a leave of absence from the Navy. He was then reported by a priest loyal to the Republic, and imprisoned. A friend convinced

Jeanbon Saint-André Jean Bon Saint-André (; 25 February 174910 December 1813) was a French politician of the Revolutionary era. Early career and role in the National Convention He was born in Montauban (Tarn-et-Garonne), the son of a fuller. Although his parents ...

to have him freed, and Tromelin-Lanuguy resigned from the Navy. He then requested permission to leave for Isle de France, but actually

emigrated Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country). Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another (to permanentl ...

to join the Armée des Princes. The French Republic listed him as an

émigré An ''émigré'' () is a person who has emigrated, often with a connotation of political or social exile or self-exile. The word is the past participle of the French verb ''émigrer'' meaning "to emigrate". French Huguenots Many French Hugueno ...

and his property was seized. Tromelin-Lanuguy returned to France in 1797 before going to

Copenhagen Copenhagen ( ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of 1.4 million in the Urban area of Copenhagen, urban area. The city is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the ...

and embarking on the Danish East Indiaman ''Norge''. He died aboard on 4 December 1798.

Notes

Citations

References

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Tromelin de La Nuguy, Jacques Marie Boudin French Navy officers 1751 births 1798 deaths