Jacques Audiberti
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Jacques Séraphin Marie Audiberti (March 25, 1899 – July 10, 1965) was a French playwright, poet and novelist and exponent of the Theatre of the Absurd. Audiberti was born in
Antibes, France Antibes (, , ; ) is a seaside city in the Alpes-Maritimes Departments of France, department in Southeastern France. It is located on the French Riviera between Cannes and Nice; its cape, the Cap d'Antibes, along with Cap Ferrat in Saint-Jean-Ca ...
, the son of Louis Audiberti, a master mason, and his wife, Victorine."Jacques Audiberti"
imdb.com; accessed March 14, 2019.
"Audiberti, Jacques"
encyclopedia.com; accessed March 14, 2019.
He began his writing career as a journalist, moving to Paris in 1925 to write for ''Le Journal'' and ''Le Petit Parisien''. Later, he wrote more than 20 plays on the theme of conflicting good and evil."Jacques Audiberti"
britannica.co.uk; accessed March 14, 2019.
He married Élisabeth-Cécile-Amélie Savane in 1926. They had two daughters, Jacqueline (born 1926) and Marie-Louise (born 1928). He died in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
in 1965, aged 66, and is interred in the Cimetière de Pantin, Pantin, Ile-de-France Region, France.


Biographie

Jacques Audiberti was born on March 25, 1899, the only son of Louis Audiberti, a master mason in
Antibes Antibes (, , ; ) is a seaside city in the Alpes-Maritimes Departments of France, department in Southeastern France. It is located on the French Riviera between Cannes and Nice; its cape, the Cap d'Antibes, along with Cap Ferrat in Saint-Jean-Ca ...
, and his wife, Victorine. From 1905 to 1914, he attended primary and secondary school in Antibes, which he had to interrupt for health reasons. He begins to publish poems and columns in the Réveil d'Antibes.
Edmond Rostand Edmond Eugène Alexis Rostand (, , ; 1 April 1868 – 2 December 1918) was a French poet and dramatist. He is associated with neo-romanticism and is known best for his 1897 play ''Cyrano de Bergerac''. Rostand's romantic plays contrasted with th ...
, to whom he had sent some poems, sent him encouragement and an autographed photo, which Audiberti kept for a long time. He discovers cinema with wonder. From 1918 to 1924, he was a clerk at the Commercial Court where his father had been appointed judge. Audiberti moves to
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
. Recommended by a fellow student, Émile Condroyer, he joined Le Journal, which he left the following year for Le Petit Parisien, where he covered news in the Paris suburbs. Through Benjamin Péret, also a journalist at Le Petit Parisien, he came into contact with the
Surrealism Surrealism is an art movement, art and cultural movement that developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in which artists aimed to allow the unconscious mind to express itself, often resulting in the depiction of illogical or dreamlike s ...
movement, without ever belonging to it. He was a frequent visitor to the
National library A national library is a library established by a government as a country's preeminent repository of information. Unlike public library, public libraries, these rarely allow citizens to borrow books. Often, they include numerous rare, valuable, ...
. Two years later, he married a young schoolteacher from the West Indies, Élisabeth Cécile Amélie Savane (1899-1988), whose first names became the title of a poem published in 1936 and who became known as Amélie Audiberti a translator of English. She was the first translator of
George Orwell Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950) was an English novelist, poet, essayist, journalist, and critic who wrote under the pen name of George Orwell. His work is characterised by lucid prose, social criticism, opposition to a ...
1984 in 1950. They had two daughters: Jacqueline and Marie-Louise Audiberti. In 1930, thanks to his father's financial support, Audiberti published his first collection of poems, L'Empire et la Trappe. Supported by Jean Paulhan, Audiberti contributed to various magazines and, in 1935, was appointed reporter for Le Petit Parisien. Among his acquaintances and friends were Jean Cassou, Valery Larbaud and
Léon-Paul Fargue Léon-Paul Fargue (, 4 March 187624 November 1947) was a French poet and essayist. He was born in Paris, France, on rue Coquilliére. As a poet he was noted for his poetry of atmosphere and detail. His work spanned numerous literary movements. ...
. In 1933, he began a correspondence with Jean Paulhan that would not be completed until 1965, a few weeks before his death. Race des hommes, a collection of poetry published by La NRF in 1937, won the Prix de poésie de l'Académie Mallarmé in 1938. On this occasion, Audiberti met
Paul Valéry Ambroise Paul Toussaint Jules Valéry (; 30 October 1871 – 20 July 1945) was a French poet, essayist, and philosopher. In addition to his poetry and fiction (drama and dialogues), his interests included aphorisms on art, history, letters, m ...
and
Jean Cocteau Jean Maurice Eugène Clément Cocteau ( , ; ; 5 July 1889 11 October 1963) was a French poet, playwright, novelist, designer, film director, visual artist and critic. He was one of the foremost avant-garde artists of the 20th-c ...
. In 1939, Le Petit Parisien sent him to the Spanish border during the rout of the Republican army: "I'm living the
Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing p ...
. I vomit." Audiberti follows the exodus for the newspaper, then interrupts his collaboration when the paper comes under German control. Audiberti writes film reviews. He continues to write poetry and novels, while traveling: Aurillac,
Toulouse Toulouse (, ; ; ) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Haute-Garonne department and of the Occitania (administrative region), Occitania region. The city is on the banks of the Garonne, River Garonne, from ...
,
Val-d'Isère Val-d'Isère (, literally ''Valley of Isère (river), Isère'') is a Communes of France, commune of the Tarentaise Valley, in the Savoie Departments of France, department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Regions of France, region) in southeastern France. It ...
. From 1941 to 1943, he worked for the newspaper Comœdia, for which he wrote numerous film reviews giving an insight into cinema under the Occupation. He befriended future filmmaker
Jacques Baratier Jacques Baratier (8 March 1918 – 27 November 2009) was a French film director and screenwriter. He directed 21 films. His film ''Goha'' won the Jury Prize at the 1958 Cannes Film Festival. His 1962 film ''La poupée (film), La poupée'' wa ...
. He spends the end of the war in
Antibes Antibes (, , ; ) is a seaside city in the Alpes-Maritimes Departments of France, department in Southeastern France. It is located on the French Riviera between Cannes and Nice; its cape, the Cap d'Antibes, along with Cap Ferrat in Saint-Jean-Ca ...
. There he translated the amorous episodes of La Jérusalem Délivrée under the title Les flèches d'Armide (1946, new edition 1993). The
Académie Française An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded approximately 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the go ...
awarded him the Prix Jean-Reynaud in 1944. From 1946 to 1952, he held a series of exhibitions of his gouaches, premiered his own plays, published novels and contributed to
Lucie Faure Lucie Faure, ''née'' Meyer (6 July 1908 – 25 September 1977) was a French woman of letters, novelist and literary review director. Early life The daughter of a merchant of fabrics of Alsatian origin, she was the niece, on the maternal side ...
fascicule in La Nef, entitled “L'Amour est à réinventer”, alongside
Marcelle Auclair Marcelle Auclair (11 November 1899 – 6 June 1983) was a French novelist, biographer, journalist and poet. She published biographies of several important historical figures, translated major historical/literary documents into French from Spanish, ...
,
Hervé Bazin Hervé Bazin (; 17 April 191117 February 1996) was a French writer, whose best-known novels covered semi-autobiographical topics of teenage rebellion and dysfunctional families. Biography Bazin, born Jean-Pierre Hervé-Bazin in Angers, Maine ...
, Émile Danoën and
Roger Vailland Roger Vailland (; 16 October 1907 – 12 May 1965) was a French novelist, essayist, and screenwriter. Biography Vailland was born in Acy-en-Multien, Oise. His novels include the prize winning ''Drôle de jeu'' (1945), ''Les mauvais coups'' (194 ...
, among others. He receives awards. He met Georges Vitaly, Suzanne Flon, Michel Piccoli, André Barsacq and others. With Italian writer
Beniamino Joppolo Beniamino Joppolo (31 July 1906 – 2 October 1963) was an Italian writer, painter and playwright. Life and career Born in Patti, Sicily, the son of a liceo classico literature professor, Joppolo studied political and social sciences at the ...
and painter Camille Bryen, he developed “abhumanism” in 1952. The following year,
François Truffaut François Roland Truffaut ( , ; ; 6 February 1932 – 21 October 1984) was a French filmmaker, actor, and critic. He is widely regarded as one of the founders of the French New Wave. He came under the tutelage of film critic Andre Bazin as a ...
convinced Audiberti to write articles for Cahiers du cinéma. From 1954 to 1964, he published novels and enjoyed success in the theater. In 1962, the premiere of La Fourmi dans le corps at the
Comédie-Française The Comédie-Française () or Théâtre-Français () is one of the few state theatres in France. Founded in 1680, it is the oldest active theatre company in the world. Established as a French state-controlled entity in 1995, it is the only state ...
provoked a memorable battle between shocked subscribers and a more “informed” audience that made no secret of its enthusiastic support, while his friend
Jacques Baratier Jacques Baratier (8 March 1918 – 27 November 2009) was a French film director and screenwriter. He directed 21 films. His film ''Goha'' won the Jury Prize at the 1958 Cannes Film Festival. His 1962 film ''La poupée (film), La poupée'' wa ...
adapted his novel La Poupée for the cinema. Audiberti contributed to the production, writing about it in an article published in Le Nouveau Candide, no. 78, in October. In 1958, he was made an Officer of the
Legion of Honour The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and Civil society, civil. Currently consisting of five cl ...
. In 1964, Audiberti was awarded the
Grand prix national des Lettres The grand prix national des Lettres () was created in 1950 by the French Ministry of Culture to recognize writers who have contributed to the influence of French literature. It has not been awarded since 1999. List of laureates * 1951: Émile C ...
for his body of work, as well as the Prix des Critiques. From 1960 onwards,
Marcel Maréchal Marcel Maréchal (25 December 1937 – 11 June 2020) was a French actor, writer, and director. Biography Since 1958, Maréchal had a successful acting career. That year, he founded the Théâtre du Cothurne in Lyon. Other theatres he worked at ...
, with his agreement and support, directed a number of his plays: L'Opéra du monde, Cavalier seul, La Poupée... Suffering from cancer, he underwent his first operation. He corresponds with
François Mauriac François Charles Mauriac (; ; 11 October 1885 – 1 September 1970) was a French novelist, dramatist, critic, poet, and journalist, a member of the'' Académie française'' (from 1933), and laureate of the 1952 Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Pr ...
. Jacques Audiberti died in 1965, a few weeks before the publication of his novel Dimanche m'attend. His friend
Claude Nougaro Claude Nougaro (, ; 9 September 1929 – 4 March 2004) was a French jazz singer and poet. Life and career Claude Nougaro was born on 9 September 1929 in Toulouse to a respected French opera singer, Pierre Nougaro, and a piano teacher, Liette ...
paid tribute to him that same year with his Chanson pour le maçon (Audiberti's father). He is buried in his in-laws' vault in the Parisian cemetery of Pantin (32nd division). The town of
Antibes Antibes (, , ; ) is a seaside city in the Alpes-Maritimes Departments of France, department in Southeastern France. It is located on the French Riviera between Cannes and Nice; its cape, the Cap d'Antibes, along with Cap Ferrat in Saint-Jean-Ca ...
pays tribute to him with a high school named after him. It created the Prix Audiberti in 1979. In 2020, the Association des Amis de Jacques Audiberti created the “Prix Jeune Audiberti”, awarded following a writing competition reserved for young people under the age of 26.


Works


Plays

* ''Le mal court'' (1947) * ''L'effet Glapion'' (1959) * ''Les Patients'' (1961) * ''La Fourmi dans le corps'' (1962) * ''Quoat-Quoat'' * ''L'Ampélour'' * ''Les femmes du bœuf''


Poetry

* ''Des Tonnes de semence'' (1941) * ''Toujours'' (1944) * ''Rempart'' (1953)


Novels

* ''Le Maître de Milan'' (
1950 Events January * January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed. * January 5 – 1950 Sverdlovsk plane crash, Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 ...
) * ''Marie Dubois'' (
1952 Events January–February * January 26 – Cairo Fire, Black Saturday in Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses. * February 6 ** Princess Elizabeth, ...
) * ''Les jardins et les fleuves'' (
1954 Events January * January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting. * January 7 – Georgetown–IBM experiment: The first public demonstration of a machine translation system is held in New York, at the head ...
) * ''Infanticide préconisé (
1958 Events January * January 1 – The European Economic Community (EEC) comes into being. * January 3 – The West Indies Federation is formed. * January 4 ** Edmund Hillary's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition completes the thir ...
)


Other

* ''
La Poupée LA most frequently refers to Los Angeles, the second most populous city in the United States of America. La, LA, or L.A. may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * La (musical note), or A, the sixth note *"L.A.", a song by Elliott Smi ...
'', a film scenario adapted from an earlier novel * ''Dimanche m'attend'', a diary published in (
1965 Events January–February * January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years. * January 20 ** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
)


References

1899 births 1965 deaths People from Antibes 20th-century French male writers 20th-century French dramatists and playwrights {{France-novelist-20thC-stub