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Jacob de Gheyn II (also Jacques de Gheyn II) ( – 29 March 1629) was a Dutch painter and engraver, whose work shows the transition from Northern Mannerism to Dutch realism over the course of his career.
File:'Vase of Flowers with a Curtain', oil on panel painting by Jacques de Gheyn II, 1615.jpg, 'Vase of Flowers with a Curtain', 1615.
File:Jacob de Gheyn - Wapenhandelinge 4.jpg, Engraving of musketeer from his ''Wapenhandelinge''"De Wapenhandelinghe van Roers, Musketten ende Spiesen", 1608
File:Jacob de Gheyn (II) Spanish battle stallion 1603.jpg, Spanish battle stallion 1603.
Image:Vier studies van een zieke muis, RP-T-1880-A-98.jpg, Drawing in waterpaint by Jacques de Gheyn, ''Four times a mouse''
Jacob de Gheyn II at ArtcylopediaWorks by Jacob de Gheyn II in the British MuseumVermeer and The Delft School
a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which has material on Jacob de Gheyn II * {{DEFAULTSORT:Gheyn, Jacob De, II Dutch Golden Age painters Dutch male painters Dutch Golden Age printmakers 1560s births 1629 deaths Artists from Antwerp Glass engravers Dutch glass artists 16th-century Dutch engravers 17th-century Dutch engravers 16th-century Flemish engravers 17th-century Flemish engravers
Jacob de Gheyn II (also Jacques de Gheyn II) ( – 29 March 1629) was a Dutch painter and engraver, whose work shows the transition from Northern Mannerism to Dutch realism over the course of his career.
Biography
De Gheyn was born inAntwerp
Antwerp (; ; ) is a City status in Belgium, city and a Municipalities of Belgium, municipality in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is the capital and largest city of Antwerp Province, and the third-largest city in Belgium by area at , after ...
and received his first training from his father, Jacob de Gheyn I, a glass painter, engraver, and draftsman. In 1585, he moved to Haarlem
Haarlem (; predecessor of ''Harlem'' in English language, English) is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the Provinces of the Nether ...
, where he studied under Hendrik Goltzius for the next five years. He moved again, to Leiden
Leiden ( ; ; in English language, English and Archaism, archaic Dutch language, Dutch also Leyden) is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Provinces of the Nethe ...
, in the middle of the 1590s. His work attracted the attention of wealthy sponsors, and his first commission was for an engraving of the Siege of Geertruidenberg from Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange
Maurice of Orange (; 14 November 1567 – 23 April 1625) was ''stadtholder'' of all the provinces of the Dutch Republic except for Lordship of Frisia, Friesland from 1585 at the earliest until his death on 23 April 1625. Before he became P ...
. This event, from 27 March to 24 June 1593, had been more of a demonstration of power by Prince Maurits, than an actual war, and had even attracted tourists. As a publicity stunt, the siege and its subsequent engraving were successful in propagating an image of Prince Maurits as an able general.
Around 1600, de Gheyn abandoned engraving, and focused on painting and etching
Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio (incised) in the metal. In modern manufacturing, other chemicals may be used on other type ...
. Moving to The Hague in 1605, he was employed often by Dutch royalty, designing a garden in the Buitenhof for Prince Maurice of Orange which featured the two first grottoes in the Netherlands. After Prince Maurice's death in 1625, de Gheyn worked for his brother, Prince Frederick Henry. De Gheyn painted some of the earliest female nudes, vanitas, and floral still life
A still life (: still lifes) is a work of art depicting mostly wikt:inanimate, inanimate subject matter, typically commonplace objects which are either natural (food, flowers, dead animals, plants, rocks, shells, etc.) or artificiality, human-m ...
s in Dutch art. He is credited with creating over 1,500 drawings, including landscape
A landscape is the visible features of an area of land, its landforms, and how they integrate with natural or human-made features, often considered in terms of their aesthetic appeal.''New Oxford American Dictionary''. A landscape includes th ...
s and natural history
Natural history is a domain of inquiry involving organisms, including animals, fungi, and plants, in their natural environment, leaning more towards observational than experimental methods of study. A person who studies natural history is cal ...
illustrations. He produced 117 engravings for the military manual ''The Exercise of Armes'' while living in Amsterdam
Amsterdam ( , ; ; ) is the capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, largest city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It has a population of 933,680 in June 2024 within the city proper, 1,457,018 in the City Re ...
.
De Gheyn married Eva Stalpaert van der Wiele of Mechelen
Mechelen (; ; historically known as ''Mechlin'' in EnglishMechelen has been known in English as ''Mechlin'', from where the adjective ''Mechlinian'' is derived. This name may still be used, especially in a traditional or historical context. T ...
in 1595. His son, Jacob de Gheyn III, was born in 1596, and grew to become an engraver in his own right, as well as the subject of a portrait by Rembrandt
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (; ; 15 July 1606 – 4 October 1669), mononymously known as Rembrandt was a Dutch Golden Age painter, printmaker, and Drawing, draughtsman. He is generally considered one of the greatest visual artists in ...
. De Gheyn died in The Hague
The Hague ( ) is the capital city of the South Holland province of the Netherlands. With a population of over half a million, it is the third-largest city in the Netherlands. Situated on the west coast facing the North Sea, The Hague is the c ...
.
References
External links
Jacob de Gheyn II at Artcylopedia
a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which has material on Jacob de Gheyn II * {{DEFAULTSORT:Gheyn, Jacob De, II Dutch Golden Age painters Dutch male painters Dutch Golden Age printmakers 1560s births 1629 deaths Artists from Antwerp Glass engravers Dutch glass artists 16th-century Dutch engravers 17th-century Dutch engravers 16th-century Flemish engravers 17th-century Flemish engravers