Johann Christoph Wendland (July 17, 1755 – July 27, 1828) was a German

botanist Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially Plant anatomy, their anatomy, Plant taxonomy, taxonomy, and Plant ecology, ecology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who s ...

and

gardener A gardener is someone who practices gardening, either professionally or as a hobby. Description A gardener is any person involved in gardening, arguably the oldest occupation, from the hobbyist in a residential garden, the home-owner suppleme ...

born in Petit-Landau,

Alsace Alsace (, ; ) is a cultural region and a territorial collectivity in the Grand Est administrative region of northeastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine, next to Germany and Switzerland. In January 2021, it had a population of 1,9 ...

Family

His son, Heinrich Ludolph Wendland (1791–1869), and his grandson,

Hermann Wendland Hermann Wendland (October 11, 1825 in Herrenhausen – January 12, 1903 in Hanover) was a German botanist and gardener. He was a noted authority on the family Arecaceae The Arecaceae () is a family (biology), family of perennial plant, peren ...

(1825–1903), were also gardeners and botanists.

Youth

As a young man he received an education in

horticulture Horticulture (from ) is the art and science of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, trees, shrubs and ornamental plants. Horticulture is commonly associated with the more professional and technical aspects of plant cultivation on a smaller and mo ...

at the nursery of

Karlsruhe Palace Karlsruhe Palace () was built in 1715 for Margrave Charles III William, Margrave of Baden-Durlach, Charles III William of Baden-Durlach after a dispute with the citizens of his previous capital, Durlach. The city of Karlsruhe has since grown arou ...

. In 1780 he became a gardener at

Herrenhausen Gardens The Herrenhausen Gardens (, ) of Herrenhausen Palace are located in Herrenhausen, an urban district of Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony, Germany. Dating to the era of the King of Hanover, Kings of Hanover, they comprise Great Garden (), Ber ...

Hanover Hanover ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the States of Germany, German state of Lower Saxony. Its population of 535,932 (2021) makes it the List of cities in Germany by population, 13th-largest city in Germany as well as the fourth-l ...

, where he gained botanical experience from

Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart (4 November 1742, Holderbank, Aargau – 26 June 1795) was a German botanist, a pupil of Carl Linnaeus at Uppsala University, and later director of the Botanical Garden of Hannover, where he produced several major botanical ...

(1742–1795), the director of the

gardens A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the cultivation, display, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The single feature identifying even the wildest wild garden is ''control''. The garden can incorporate bot ...

Life work

In 1817 Wendland was appointed inspector at Herrenhausen Gardens. He specialized in the culture of

vineyard A vineyard ( , ) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines. Many vineyards exist for winemaking; others for the production of raisins, table grapes, and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is kno ...

s and

peach The peach (''Prunus persica'') is a deciduous tree first domesticated and Agriculture, cultivated in China. It bears edible juicy fruits with various characteristics, most called peaches and the glossy-skinned, non-fuzzy varieties called necta ...

trees. He created the illustrations for his published works. As a

taxonomist In biology, taxonomy () is the science, scientific study of naming, defining (Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped into taxon, taxa (si ...

, he circumscribed numerous plant genera and species.IPNI
List of plants described and co-described by Wendland.

Selected publications

* ''Hortus Herrenhusanus'', 1788-1801 * ''Verzeichnis der Glas- und Treibhauspflanzen des Königlichen Berggartens zu Herrenhausen'' (List of glass and

greenhouse A greenhouse is a structure that is designed to regulate the temperature and humidity of the environment inside. There are different types of greenhouses, but they all have large areas covered with transparent materials that let sunlight pass an ...

plants of the Herrenhausen Gardens), 1797 * ''Botanische Beobachtungen nebst einigen neuen Gattungen und Arten'' (Botanical observations, including some new genera and species), 1798 * ''Ericarum icones et descriptiones''; (26 issues)- 1798-1823 * ''Collectio plantarum tam exoticarum quam indigenarum''; (three volumes until 1819).

References

1755 births 1828 deaths People from the Province of Alsace 19th-century German botanists German gardeners 18th-century German botanists {{Germany-botanist-stub