{{Infobox noble, type , name = John Nelipić
''Ivan Nelipić'' , title = Duke of

Knin Knin () is a city in the Šibenik-Knin County of Croatia, located in the Dalmatian hinterland near the source of the river Krka (Croatia), Krka, an important traffic junction on the rail and road routes between Zagreb and Split, Croatia, Split. ...

, image = , caption = Nelipić coat of arms , alt = , CoA = , more = no , succession = , reign = , reign-type = , predecessor = , successor = , suc-type = , spouse = Vladislava Kurjaković , spouse-type = , issue = Ivan II Nelipić , issue-link = , issue-pipe = , full name = , styles = , titles = , noble family = Nelipić noble family , house-type = , father = Juraj Nelipić , mother = , birth_date = , birth_place = , christening_date = , christening_place = , death_date = 1344 , burial_date = , burial_place = , religion =

Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...

, occupation = , memorials = , url = , module = Ivan Nelipić (died 1344) was a local ruler and Duke of

(''knez'' Knina), who also held

Drniš Drniš is a town in the Šibenik-Knin County, Croatia. Located in the Dalmatian Hinterland, it is about halfway between Šibenik and Knin. History The name Drniš was mentioned for the first time in a contract dated March 8, 1494. However, the ...

and the region around the rivers

Cetina The Cetina () is a river in southern Croatia. It has a length of and its basin covers an area of . From its source, Cetina descends from an elevation of above sea level to the Adriatic Sea. It is the most water-rich river in Dalmatia.Naklada Nap ...

Čikola Čikola () is a river of in Dalmatia, southern Croatia. Description Čikola is in length, from Mirlović Polje to Krka at Nos Kalik, while its headwater Vrba that rises near Muć would add up to a combined length of about . Čikola rive ...

, Krka, and

Zrmanja Zrmanja (, ) is a river in southern Lika and northern Dalmatia, Croatia. It is long and its basin covers an area of . It was known to the ancient Romans as ''Tedanius''. The spring of Zrmanja is located in southern part of Lika under Postak - th ...

. He was a member of the Croatian Nelipić noble family. Following the fall of the Šubić noble family, Ivan Nelipić seized Knin and successfully repelled attacks from both King

Charles I Charles I may refer to: Kings and emperors * Charlemagne (742–814), numbered Charles I in the lists of Holy Roman Emperors and French kings * Charles I of Anjou (1226–1285), also king of Albania, Jerusalem, Naples and Sicily * Charles I of ...

and the Šubić noble family, becoming the most powerful individual in Croatia between 1322 and 1344.

Biography

Ivan Nelipić was a son of the nobleman George (Juraj) and had a brother Isan II, whose son Constantine was Nelipić's ally.

Rise of power

Ivan Nelipić's career began at the court of

Mladen II Šubić of Bribir Mladen II Šubić of Bribir (, ; c.1270 – c.1341), a Croatian leader and member of the House of Šubić, Šubić noble family, was a Ban of Croatia and Lord of all of Bosnia. After succeeding his father Paul, he further consolidated the Šub ...

, where he held the title of

Voivode Voivode ( ), also spelled voivod, voievod or voevod and also known as vaivode ( ), voivoda, vojvoda, vaivada or wojewoda, is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe in use since the Early Mid ...

.Opća i nacionalna enciklopedija u 20 svezaka, str. 226 Consequently, he was among the nobles who revolted against Mladen's rule and saw his downfall at the 1322 Battle of Bliska. He then expelled the royal forces from Knin and made the city his seat. He was supported by the three brothers of

Mladen II Šubić Mladen () is a South Slavic masculine given name, derived from the Slavic root ''mlad'' (, ), meaning "young". It is present in Bosnian, Slovenian, Montenegrin, Macedonian, Bulgarian, Serbian, and Croatian society since the Middle Ages. ...

; Juraj II Šubić, Grgur III Šubić and Pavao II Šubić.

Nelipac's plight

King Charles Robert ordered the new

Ban of Slavonia Ban of Slavonia (; ; ) sometimes also Ban of "Whole Slavonia" (; ; ), was the title of the governor of a territory part of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary and Croatia in union with Hungary, Kingdom of Croatia. From 1102, the title Ban (title), ...

Nicholas Felsőlendvai Nicholas (I) Felsőlendvai (, ; died April or May 1325) was an influential Hungarian baron and military leader, who served as Ban of Slavonia from 1323 until his death. Initially a ''familiaris'' of the powerful Kőszegi family, he swore loyalty ...

and Stepan II of Kotroman to launch a joint offensive against Nelipić in

Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze ...

. Nicholas' expedition eventually failed, although, it did rise up Juraj II Šubić (brother of Mladen II Šubić) against Nelipić, as well as the Princes from Krka Frangepans, the City of

Zadar Zadar ( , ), historically known as Zara (from Venetian and Italian, ; see also other names), is the oldest continuously inhabited city in Croatia. It is situated on the Adriatic Sea, at the northwestern part of Ravni Kotari region. Zadar ...

and eventually, the Ban of Bosnia Stepan II himself. The movement wanted to return the Šubić dynasty to power in Croatia with Juraj II Šubić at the Throne. Stepan again changed allegiances and now fought for the Šubićs again. It all eventually turned into an all-out war when the armies of Prince Nelipac and Juraj II Šubić clashed near the waterfalls of Krka in the Summer of 1324. Stepan gave considerable support to the Šubićs, but he did not dare involve into the fight himself. It was good that he didn't, because the Šubić's party was massacred near

and Juraj II Šubić himself was captured by Prince Nelipić soon. Stepan had attempted to liberate Juraj II from imprisonment, but all attempts failed. Prince Nelipić immediately pushed the fight against Stepan II. Nelipić managed to conquer the city of Visuć, but Stepan's long-ago given privileges to the nobility had finally been proven useful, as ''Vuk of Vukoslav'' had helped him to retake the city. Although Stepan's military ambitions only relatively successful he continued to wage war against the enemies of the Šubićs. His target was the City of

Trogir Trogir () is a historic town and harbour on the Adriatic coast in Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia, with a population of 10,107 (2021) and a total municipal population of 12,393 (2021). The historic part of the city is situated on a small island ...

which was one of the major supporters of Nelipić's campaigning. Stepan has adopted a harsh tactic. His forces have raided Caravans from Trogir, which eventually forced its denizens to humbly sign peace and addressed to him as the ''high and mighty lord Stepan free ruler and master of Bosnia, Usora and Soli and many other places and Prince of the Hum''. It is because of this that Stepan opened a conflict with the

Republic of Dubrovnik The Republic of Ragusa, or the Republic of Dubrovnik, was an aristocratic maritime republic centered on the city of Dubrovnik (''Ragusa'' in Italian and Latin; ''Raguxa'' in Venetian) in South Dalmatia (today in southernmost Croatia) that carr ...

regarding trade. Stepan was shown as a very tough negotiator and the negotiations have finally ended in 1326. After seeing that Ban Nicholas Felsőlendvai was unable to weaken the position of Prince Nelipić,

Hungarian King This is a list of Hungarian monarchs; it includes the Grand Prince of the Hungarians, grand princes (895–1000) and the King of Hungary, kings and ruling queens of Hungary (1000–1918). The Principality of Hungary, Hungarian Grand Principality ...

Charles I Robert deposed him. The new man for the job was one o his most trusted men, Mikcs Ákos. Ban Mikcs advanced to

in the Summer of 1325. Bosnian Ban Stepan II sent squadrons of troops to assist him in his offensive. In 1326, Mikcs took the cities of the

Babonić family The Babonić family ( or ''Vodicsai'') was an old and powerful Croatian noble family from the medieval Slavonia whose most notable members were Bans (viceroys) of Slavonia and Croatia. History The first known member of this family who appea ...

advance deeper into Croatia, meeting with Stepan's reinforcements. The expedition eventually reached little success, so Mikcs sent a portion of his army to

Bihać Bihać is a city and the administrative centre of Una-Sana Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated on the banks of river Una (Sava), Una in northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina, in th ...

which would serve as defence against possible Nelipić's counterattacks and retreated to

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

, to the

King King is a royal title given to a male monarch. A king is an Absolute monarchy, absolute monarch if he holds unrestricted Government, governmental power or exercises full sovereignty over a nation. Conversely, he is a Constitutional monarchy, ...

Family connections

Ivan Nelipić had a nephew, Konstantin, who helped him in his reign. Soon after Nelipić's death in 1344, Konstantin also died 1355. Nelipić was married to princess Vladislava Kurjaković from Krbava and had a son Ivan II Nelipac.Opća i nacionalna enciklopedija u 20 svezaka, str. 226.

External links

Croatian General Encyclopedia ArticleIvan Nelipić
on

Proleksis Encyclopedia The ''Proleksis Encyclopedia'' () is the first Croatian general and national online encyclopedia. ''Proleksis Encyclopedia'' features more than 62,000 articles and more than 17,000 photographs, illustrations and maps. It is freely available to r ...

References