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Count Ivan Matveyevich Tolstoy (; ) was a Russian nobleman,
diplomat A diplomat (from ; romanization, romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state (polity), state, International organization, intergovernmental, or Non-governmental organization, nongovernmental institution to conduct diplomacy with one ...
,
senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or Legislative chamber, chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the Ancient Rome, ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior ...
, grand master of court ceremonies, and minister of
postal service The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal sy ...
.


Biography

Count I. M. Tolstoy worked in the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral r ...
until 1860. For a brief interval, he served as Chief Steward of the Imperial Household and was grand master of court ceremonies. In 1863, he became Feodor Pryanishnikov's immediate successor as Head of the Postal Department. In 1865, he was appointed to the first Minister of Posts and
Telegraph Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas ...
s. An attempt to merge the postal and telegraph services was not successful. Only in 1884, during the reign of Alexander III, were the two services amalgamated. This resulted in the depiction of
thunderbolt A thunderbolt or lightning bolt is a symbolic representation of lightning when accompanied by a loud thunderclap. In Indo-European mythology, the thunderbolt was identified with the 'Sky Father'; this association is also found in later Hel ...
s and
post horn The post horn is a valveless cylindrical brass instrument with a cupped mouthpiece. The instrument was used to signal the arrival or departure of a post rider or mail coach. It was used by postilions of the 18th and 19th centuries. Use and co ...
s on Russian postage stamps. Tolstoy died in 1867. He was replaced by General (1818–1893) as the Minister of Posts and Telegraphs.


See also

* Feodor Pryanishnikov *
Postage stamps and postal history of Russia A Russian Empire postman This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and the modern Russian Federation. Postal history Early history Records mention a system of messengers in the 1 ...
*
Samuel Polyakov Samuel (Shmuel) Polyakov (also Poliakoff, Poliakov, ) was a Russian businessman, informally known as the "most famous railroad king" of the Russian Empire, the senior member of the Polyakov business family, a philanthropist and a Jewish civil rig ...
*
Tolstoy (family) The House of Tolstoy, or Tolstoi (), is a family of Russian gentry that acceded to the high aristocracy of the Russian Empire. The name ''Tolstoy'' is itself derived from the Russian adjective ( ). They are the descendants of Andrey Kharitonov ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tolstoy, Ivan Matveyevich 1806 births 1867 deaths Ivan Matveyevich Counts of the Russian Empire Government ministers of Russia Diplomats of the Russian Empire Senators of the Russian Empire Postmasters from the Russian Empire