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Ivan Petrovich Ivanov-Vano (; – 25 March 1987), born Ivanov, was a
Soviet
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
and
Russian
Russian(s) may refer to:
*Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries
*A citizen of Russia
*Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages
*''The Russians'', a b ...
animation director, animator, screenwriter, educator, professor at
Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography
The Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography, officially the S. A. Gerasimov All-Russian University of Cinematography (, meaning
''All-Russian State Institute of Cinematography named after S. A. Gerasimov''), a.k.a. VGIK, is a film school in Moscow, ...
(VGIK).
[''Peter Rollberg (2016)'']
Historical Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Cinema
— Rowman & Littlefield. One of the pioneers of the
Soviet animation school, he is sometimes called the "Patriarch of Soviet animation".
People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный арти ...
(1985).
Biography
Ivan Petrovich Ivanov was born in the
Manezhnaya Square district, at the time populated by students and poor people. His parents had a
peasant
A peasant is a pre-industrial agricultural laborer or a farmer with limited land-ownership, especially one living in the Middle Ages under feudalism and paying rent, tax, fees, or services to a landlord. In Europe, three classes of peasan ...
background. His father was a shoemaker who arrived to Moscow from the
Kaluga Governorate; soon he left the family. Ivanov's mother was illiterate and couldn't give her son a proper education, thus he was raised in the family of his elder sister Evdokia Petrovna Spasskaya who was married to an artist and educator at the
Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. As a result, Ivanov became interested in art early in his life and as a kid drew decorations for a puppet theater.
and unique art style influenced by
constructivism.
In 1927, Ivanov turned to
traditional animation
Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation, or hand-drawn animation) is an animation technique in which each frame is drawing, drawn by hand. The technique was the dominant form of animation of the 20th century, until there wa ...
with one of the boldest experiments ''The Skating Rink'' directed by
Yuri Zhelyabuzhsky. In later years he took part in a number of other important projects.
Around the same time he started using Ivanov-Vano as a pseudonym. According to some of his colleagues, this was done in order to distinguish himself from another prominent Soviet animator Aleksandr Ivanov.
In 1936, Ivanov started working as a director at the newly founded
Soyuzmultfilm. His earlier works at the studio were heavily influenced by early
Disney
The Walt Disney Company, commonly referred to as simply Disney, is an American multinational mass media and entertainment industry, entertainment conglomerate (company), conglomerate headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios (Burbank), Walt Di ...
, a popular trend during the middle 1930s which he later opposed.
In 1939, Ivanov directed ''Moydodyr'' based on the fairy tale
of the same name which became a big step from the Disney stylistics towards more traditional Russian art that predominated during later years.
In 1939, Ivanov organized animation courses at
VGIK
The Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography, officially the S. A. Gerasimov All-Russian University of Cinematography (, meaning
''All-Russian State Institute of Cinematography named after S. A. Gerasimov''), a.k.a. VGIK, is a film school in Moscow, ...
where he also became one of the leading educators (he was granted the title of
professor
Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin ...
in 1952). Among his student were
Lev Milchin,
Yevgeniy Migunov,
Aleksandr Petrov,
Francheska Yarbusova,
Stanislav Sokolov and a
Bulgarian animator
Todor Dinov.
Ivanov was a member of the Communist Party from 1951, and was also a founder and the original Vice President of ASIFA (
International Animated Film Association) from 1961 to 1973.
Ivanov-Vano directed a record number of Soviet feature animated films, often working as a screenwriter as well. The majority of his works were based on Russian folklore and fairy tales by classical Russian writers. In 1947, shortly after the end of war, Ivanov presented the first Soviet feature-length animated film ''
The Humpbacked Horse'' based on the fairy tale in verse by
Pyotr Pavlovich Yershov. The film gained a lot of praise internationally, and
Walt Disney
Walter Elias Disney ( ; December 5, 1901December 15, 1966) was an American animator, film producer, voice actor, and entrepreneur. A pioneer of the Golden age of American animation, American animation industry, he introduced several develop ...
even used it as a teaching tool for his studios.
Since 1962 his artistic style varied a lot. He approached
lubok
A ''lubok'' (plural ''lubki''; ) is a Russian popular print, characterized by simple graphics and narratives derived from literature, religious stories, and popular tales. ''Lubki'' prints were used as decoration in houses and inns. Early exampl ...
,
icon painting
An icon () is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, in the cultures of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Catholic, and Lutheran churches. The most common subjects include Jesus, Mary, saints, and angels. Although especially ...
,
frescoes
Fresco ( or frescoes) is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster, and with the setting of the plaster, the painting become ...
,
Dymkovo toys,
lace
Lace is a delicate fabric made of yarn or thread in an open weblike pattern, made by machine or by hand. Generally, lace is split into two main categories, needlelace and bobbin lace, although there are other types of lace, such as knitted o ...
and
Russian avant-garde
The Russian avant-garde was a large, influential wave of avant-garde modern art that flourished in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, approximately from 1890 to 1930—although some have placed its beginning as early as 1850 and its e ...
. Some of his longtime collaborators such as
Alexandra Snezhko-Blotskaya
Alexandra Gavrilovna Snezhko-Blotskaya (Russian: Александра Гавриловна Снежко-Блоцкая, 21 February 1909 in Volchansk, Russian Empire – 29 December 1980 in Moscow Oblast, Soviet Union) was a Soviet animated fi ...
and
Yuri Norstein
Yuri Borisovich Norstein (; born 15 September 1941) is a Soviet and Russian animator best known for his animated shorts ''Hedgehog in the Fog'' and ''Tale of Tales (1979 film), Tale of Tales''. Since 1981, he has been working on a feature film ca ...
who started as his second unit directors and co-directors went on to become popular directors on their own. Ivanov-Vano was a laureate of numerous festivals. His short film ''
The Battle of Kerzhenets
''The Battle of Kerzhenets River, Kerzhenets'' (; Romanization of Russian, tr.: ''Secha pri Kerzhentse'') is a 1971 Soviet Union, Soviet animated film directed by Ivan Ivanov-Vano and Yuri Norstein. The film is set to music by Nikolai Rimsky-Kors ...
'' won Grand Prix award at
Animafest Zagreb
World Festival of Animated Film Zagreb (), best known as Animafest Zagreb, is a film festival entirely dedicated to Animation, animated film held annually in Zagreb, Croatia. Initiated by the International Animated Film Association (ASIFA), the e ...
in 1972.
Ivanov died on March 25, 1987, and was buried at the
Novodevichy Cemetery
Novodevichy Cemetery () is a cemetery in Moscow. It lies next to the southern wall of the 16th-century Novodevichy Convent, which is the city's third most popular tourist site.
History
The cemetery was designed by Ivan Mashkov and inaugurated ...
.
The tomb of Ivan Ivanov-Vano
/ref> For 54 years, he was married to Tatiana Ivanova-Bekker (1902–1982). They had a daughter Galina.
Films
''China in Flames''
(1925) – one of the first Soviet animated films. He participated as an artist.
* ''Ice Rink
An ice rink (or ice skating rink) is a frozen body of water or an artificial sheet of ice where people can ice skate or play winter sports. Ice rinks are also used for exhibitions, contests and ice shows. The growth and increasing popularity of ...
'' (1927)
* '' Sen'ka the African'' (1927)
* '' The Adventures of Munchhausen'' (1928)
* ''Black and White
Black-and-white (B&W or B/W) images combine black and white to produce a range of achromatic brightnesses of grey. It is also known as greyscale in technical settings.
Media
The history of various visual media began with black and white, ...
'' (1932) – with L.A. Amalriko
* '' The Tale of the Czar Durondai'' (1934) – with V.C. and Z.C. Brumberg
* '' The Dragonfly and the Ant'' (1935) – with V.C. and Z.C. Brumberg
* '' Kotofey Kotofeyich'' (1937)
* '' Journal of Political Satire 1'' (1938)
* '' Little Liar (Girl)'' (1938)
* ''The Three Musketeers
''The Three Musketeers'' () is a French historical adventure novel written and published in 1844 by French author Alexandre Dumas. It is the first of the author's three d'Artagnan Romances. As with some of his other works, he wrote it in col ...
'' (1938)
* '' Moidodyr'' (1939 and 1954)
* '' Ivas''' (1940)
* '' Journal of Political Satire 2'' (1944) – with V.C. and Z.C. Brumberg, O.P. Hodataev and A.V. Ivanov
* '' Stolen Sun'' (1944)
* '' Winter Tale'' (1945)
* '' The Humpbacked Horse'' (1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country i ...
) – remade in 1976
* '' Geese-Swans'' (1949) – with A.G. Snezhko-Blotska
* '' Another's Voice'' (1949)
* '' The Story of the Dead Princess and a Brave Family'' (1951) – based on Pushkin's fairy tale
* '' The Snow Maiden'' (1952)
* '' Forest Concert'' (1953)
* '' The Brave Hare'' (1955)
* '' The Twelve Months'' (1956)
* '' Song about Friendship'' (1957)
* '' Once Upon a Time...'' (1957)
* '' The Adventures of Buratino'' (1959) – based on Buratino, a collaboration with Dmitri Babichenko
* '' The Flying Proletariat'' (1962) – with I. Boyarskii
* '' Lefty'' (1964) – also called The Mechanical Flea
''How One Man Fed Two Generals''
(1965) – with V. Danilevich
* '' Go There, Don't Know Where'' (1966) – with V. Danilevich
* '' Legend About a Malicious Giant'' (1968)
* '' The Seasons of the Year'' (1969) – based on Tchaikovsky
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ; 7 May 1840 – 6 November 1893) was a Russian composer during the Romantic period. He was the first Russian composer whose music made a lasting impression internationally. Tchaikovsky wrote some of the most popular ...
's '' The Seasons'' (''Troika'' and ''Fall'')
* ''The Battle of Kerzhenets
''The Battle of Kerzhenets River, Kerzhenets'' (; Romanization of Russian, tr.: ''Secha pri Kerzhentse'') is a 1971 Soviet Union, Soviet animated film directed by Ivan Ivanov-Vano and Yuri Norstein. The film is set to music by Nikolai Rimsky-Kors ...
'' (1970) – a collaboration with Yuri Norstein
Yuri Borisovich Norstein (; born 15 September 1941) is a Soviet and Russian animator best known for his animated shorts ''Hedgehog in the Fog'' and ''Tale of Tales (1979 film), Tale of Tales''. Since 1981, he has been working on a feature film ca ...
* ''Ave Maria
The Hail Mary or Ave Maria (from its first words in Latin), also known as the Angelic or Angelical Salutation, is a traditional Catholic prayer addressing Mary, mother of Jesus, Mary, the mother of Jesus. The prayer is based on two biblical pa ...
'' (1972)
* '' The Humpbacked Horse'' (1976) – remake of 1947 film
* '' The Magic Lake'' (1979) – stereographic animation
* '' The Tale of Tsar Saltan'' (1984) – based on a poem by Pushkin
See also
* History of Russian animation
* Lists of animated films
These lists of animated feature films compile animated feature films from around the world and are organized alphabetically under the year of release (the year the completed film was first released to the public). Theatrical releases as well as ...
* Lev Atamanov
Lev Atamanov (), born Levon Konstantinovich Atamanyan (, ; – 12 February 1981), was a Soviet Armenians, Armenian animation director.
Atamanov was one of the foremost History of Russian animation, Soviet animation film directors and one of ...
References
Sources
* Giannalberto Bendazzi – Cartoons: One Hundred Years of Animation, 1995
Full filmography
at the Animator.ru
Filmography
at Animatsiya.net, where most of his films can be watched with English subtitles
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ivanov-Vano, Ivan
1900 births
1987 deaths
20th-century Russian male artists
20th-century Russian screenwriters
Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
Academic staff of the Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography
Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture alumni
Vkhutemas alumni
Films directed by Ivan Ivanov-Vano
People's Artists of the RSFSR
People's Artists of the USSR
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Recipients of the Order of the October Revolution
Recipients of the Vasilyev Brothers State Prize of the RSFSR
Animation screenwriters
Russian fantasy film directors
Russian animated film directors
Russian animators
Russian male screenwriters
Soviet animation directors
Soviet animators
Soviet male screenwriters
Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery