Ivan Terentyevich Golyakov (July 6, 1888 (according to other sources: June 6), – March 18, 1961)Golyakov, Ivan Terentyevich
/ Oleg Shilokhvost //

Great Russian Encyclopedia The ''Great Russian Encyclopedia'' (''GRE''; , БРЭ, transliterated as ''Bolshaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya'' or academically as ''Bol'šaja rossijskaja ènciklopedija'') is a universal Russian encyclopedia, completed in 36 volumes, publishe ...

: n 35 Volumes/ Editor–In–Chief Yury Osipov – Moscow: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2004–2017 was a figure in the Soviet prosecutor's office and court. Chairman of the

Supreme Court of the Soviet Union The Supreme Court of the Soviet Union, officially the Supreme Court of the USSR () was the highest court of the Soviet Union during its existence. It was established on November 23, 1923 and was dissolved on January 2, 1992. The Supreme Court of ...

(1938–1948). One of the organizers of the Stalinist Repressions.

Biography

Born into a peasant family. From November 1909 to April 1913, he served as a private in the Kexholm Regiment in

Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...

. In 1914–1918 – on the fronts of the

First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

, he was a private and junior non–commissioned officer. After the

February Revolution The February Revolution (), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and sometimes as the March Revolution or February Coup was the first of Russian Revolution, two revolutions which took place in Russia ...

, in April 1917, he entered the Army Council of Soldiers' Deputies. In March 1918, he returned to his native village. For some time he was the head of the rural consumer society. In 1918, he joined the ranks of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (Bolsheviks), created a party cell in the countryside and took the post of secretary in it. Then he was elected Chairman of the executive committee of the Obolyanovo Volost Council. Since May 1919, he has been a volunteer in the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...

. He took part in the

Civil War A civil war is a war between organized groups within the same Sovereign state, state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies.J ...

: he served as a Red Army soldier, then – as a political worker in the 9th Army of the South–Eastern Front. Military Commissar in the 1st Caucasian Red Wild Cavalry Division. From 1919 to 1925, he was the Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Tribunal of the 14th Infantry Division of the 9th Army, Don Region, a member of the Collegium of the Military Tribunal of the North Caucasian Military District. In 1925, he graduated from the Legal Department of the Faculty of Social Sciences of the North Caucasus University with a degree in criminology. In 1931, he received a certificate of the commander of the Red Army and at the same time completed advanced training courses for the highest commanding staff of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. In 1925–1933 – Deputy Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Tribunal of the Belorussian Military District, since March 1931 – member of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union. January–April 1938 – Prosecutor of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.Ivan Golyakov. Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law
/ref> In 1938–1948 – Chairman of the

. In August 1948, by decision of the Political Bureau, the Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union was dismissed for shortcomings in his work, in particular for "facts of malignant use of official position by some members of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union and employees of its apparatus". He was elected as a deputy of the

Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (SSUSSR) was the highest body of state authority of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. Based on the principle of unified power, it was the only branch of government in the So ...

of the 2nd Convocation, a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic of the 1st Convocation. From 1932 to 1959, he worked at the All–Union Institute of Legal Sciences as deputy director for Scientific Affairs, and in 1938–1947 and 1949–1956 – as Director of the institute. He edited the "Library of the People's Judge and People's Assessor" (by 1945, more than 40 collections had been published).

Professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin ...

(1940). He was a lecturer at

Moscow State University Moscow State University (MSU), officially M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University,. is a public university, public research university in Moscow, Russia. The university includes 15 research institutes, 43 faculties, more than 300 departments, a ...

, Moscow Law Institute and the All–Union Correspondence Law Institute. Author of over 70 scientific monographs. Retired since 1959. Collected a large library of fiction, legal and other literature. He was the publisher of the unique research "Court and Law in Fiction" (1959).

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn. (11 December 1918 – 3 August 2008) was a Soviet and Russian author and Soviet dissidents, dissident who helped to raise global awareness of political repression in the Soviet Union, especially the Gulag pris ...

notes that he "knew the work of

Tolstoi Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy Tolstoy pronounced his first name as , which corresponds to the romanization ''Lyov''. () (; ,Throughout Tolstoy's whole life, his name was written as using pre-reform Russian orthography. ; ), usually referr ...

, Korolenko, and

Chekhov Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (; ; 29 January 1860 – 15 July 1904) was a Russian playwright and short-story writer, widely considered to be one of the greatest writers of all time. His career as a playwright produced four classics, and his b ...

." Buried at the

Novodevichy Cemetery Novodevichy Cemetery () is a cemetery in Moscow. It lies next to the southern wall of the 16th-century Novodevichy Convent, which is the city's third most popular tourist site. History The cemetery was designed by Ivan Mashkov and inaugurated ...

Participation in mass repressions

According to archival materials (the fund of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union in the State Archives of the Russian Federation), he tried to avoid active participation in the consideration of counter–revolutionary cases. During the periods of "legality" (1938–1940, 1944–1947) he sought to rehabilitate the maximum possible number of convicts.Alexander Zvyagintsev, Yuri Orlov. Sentenced by Time. Russian and Soviet Prosecutors. 20th Century. 1937–1953 – Moscow: Russian Political Encyclopedia, 2001 – Page 155 He was a member of the secret commission of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the All–Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) on court cases. The Commission approved all death sentences in the Soviet Union.

Awards and titles

Orders of Lenin The Order of Lenin (, ) was an award named after Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the October Revolution. It was established by the Central Executive Committee on 6 April 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration bestowed by the Soviet ...

(1944, 1945); *

Order of the Red Banner The Order of the Red Banner () was the first Soviet military decoration. The Order was established on 16 September 1918, during the Russian Civil War by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. It was the highest award of S ...

; *

Order of the Red Banner of Labour The Order of the Red Banner of Labour () was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to the Soviet state and society in the fields of production, science, culture, literature, the arts, education, sports ...

; *Medals.

References

External links

Golyakov, Ivan Terentyevich
/ Biography at Az–Libr.Ru
Ivan Terentyevich Golyakov: Obituary // Soviet State and Law – 1961 – No. 5 – Page 133
/ Website "Legal Russia"
Ivan Terentyevich Golyakov
/ Chronos {{DEFAULTSORT:Golyakov, Ivan 1888 births 1961 deaths Russian military personnel of World War I Bolsheviks Soviet military personnel of the Russian Civil War Southern Federal University alumni Second convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union Soviet judges Recipients of the Order of Lenin Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery