Iturama
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Iturama is a Brazilian
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...
with a total area of 401 km2 in the center-west of the Brazilian
state State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...
of
Minas Gerais Minas Gerais () is one of the 27 federative units of Brazil, being the fourth largest state by area and the second largest in number of inhabitants with a population of 20,539,989 according to the 2022 Brazilian census, 2022 census. Located in ...
. In 2020 the population was estimated at 39,690. It became a municipality on 27 December 1948.


Geography

Iturama belongs to the micro-region of Frutal. It is located in the region of western Minas Gerais known as
Triângulo Mineiro The Triângulo Mineiro (, '' Mineiro Triangle'') is the region that comprises the west part of the state of Minas Gerais, in Brazil. It occupies an area of 93,500 km2 (slightly larger than Portugal or Hungary) and is bordered to the east b ...
at an elevation of 453 meters. It is bounded in the south, at the border with the
state of São Paulo State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...
, by a large artificial lake and the river Rio Grande, created by the
Água Vermelha Dam The Água Vermelha Dam is an embankment dam on the Grande River near Iturama in Minas Gerais/São Paulo, Brazil. It was constructed for hydroelectric power production and flood control. Construction on the dam began in 1973 and it was completed a ...
. Iturama has neighboring municipalities: *West: Carneirinho *Northwest:
Limeira do Oeste Limeira do Oeste is a municipality in the west of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. the population was 7,589 in a total area of 1,318 km2. It became a municipality in 1993. Geography Limeira do Oeste belongs to the statistical micro-reg ...
*North:
União de Minas União de Minas is a municipality in the west of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Geography União de Minas belongs to the statistical micro-region of Frutal. It is located at an elevation of 521 meters between the São Domingos River and th ...
*Northeast:
Campina Verde Campina Verde is a municipality in the north of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. the population was 19,752 in a total area of 3,663 km². It became a municipality in 1938. Geography Campina Verde is located at an elevation of 530 met ...
*East:
São Francisco de Sales São Francisco de Sales is a municipality in the west of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020 the population was 6,274 in a total area of 1,129 km2. It became a municipality in 1962. Geography São Francisco de Sales belongs to ...
*South: Arabá and Mira Estrela Distances from other places: *
Belo Horizonte Belo Horizonte is the List of largest cities in Brazil, sixth-largest city in Brazil, with a population of around 2.3 million, and the third largest metropolitan area, containing a population of 6 million. It is the List of cities in Sout ...
: 764 km *
Uberaba Uberaba () is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is located in the Brazilian Highlands at an elevation of 823 metres (2,700 ft) above sea level on the Uberaba River, and is situated 418 kilometres (260 mi) from the state c ...
: 286 km *
São Francisco de Sales São Francisco de Sales is a municipality in the west of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020 the population was 6,274 in a total area of 1,129 km2. It became a municipality in 1962. Geography São Francisco de Sales belongs to ...
: 51 km * Frutal: 145 km
São Paulo São Paulo (; ; Portuguese for 'Paul the Apostle, Saint Paul') is the capital of the São Paulo (state), state of São Paulo, as well as the List of cities in Brazil by population, most populous city in Brazil, the List of largest cities in the ...
: 637 km


History and culture

The name "Iturama" comes from Itu (big) and Rama (waterfall) in the language of the pre-Columbian inhabitants, the Kayapó. Politically, in last 100 years, the Iturama region was dominated by rich farmers' families who received their lands from the King of Portugal. Lands belonging to the Kayapós was dominated by Portuguese Empire explorers and distributed to them and their partners, called Bandeirantes. They killed more than 3 million Indigeans to dominate Brazil from 1522-1822. In Iturama there is still much prejudice, including against black people and Indigeans. Culture is often related to religious expression. There is music and songs called Folia de Reis (Kings Dance, remembering Jesus' birth visited by a black and two white kings). Education takes place in more than 10 basic and high schools, a free federal university and a private university, and more than five privates poles of distance or semi-distance higher education. The federal university (Universidede Federal do Triângulo Mineiro) teaches Agronomy, Sciences for teachers graduating (Biologic Science and Chemistry). The private university teaches lawyers, managers, engineers and teachers.


Economic activities

The most important economic activities are cattle raising, commerce, and agriculture. GDP in 2005 was R$ R$796 million. Iturama is in the top tier of municipalities in the state with regard to economic and social development. In 2007 there were 5 banking agencies in the town. There is well-developed retail infrastructure serving the surrounding area of cattle and agricultural lands. There are about 5,800 automobiles in the municipality, about one for every 5 inhabitants—a high ratio for Brazil.IBGE
Iturama is an important agricultural producer. In the rural area there are about 530 establishments occupying 77,000 hectares. About 1,300 persons are employed in agriculture. 180 of the farms had tractors, a ratio of one in three. There were 87,000 head of cattle in 2006, of which 30,000 were dairy cows. In permanent crops there were 4,000 ha. planted, while in perennial crops 3,500 ha. were planted (2006). The crops with a planted area of more than 100 hectares were peanuts, rice, sugarcane, corn, and soybeans.


Health and education

In the health sector there are 7 public health clinics and 12 private health clinics. There is one private hospital with 70 beds. In the education sector there are 14 primary schools and 5 middle schools. *Municipal
Human Development Index The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, Education Index, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income i ...
: 0.803 (2000) *State ranking: 34 out of 853 municipalities as of 2000 *National ranking: 512 out of 5,138 municipalities as of 2000 *Literacy rate: 88% *Life expectancy: 73 (average of males and females) The highest ranking municipality in Minas Gerais in 2000 was
Poços de Caldas Poços de Caldas is a Municipalities of Brazil, municipality in the south of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, in the microregion of the same name. Its estimated population in 2020 was 168,641 inhabitants. The city is known for its hot springs. Histor ...
with 0.841, while the lowest was
Setubinha Setubinha is a municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020 the population was 12,378 in a total area of 536 km². The elevation is 729 metres. It is part of the Immediate Geographic Region of Teófilo O ...
with 0.568. Nationally the highest was
São Caetano do Sul São Caetano do Sul (; " Saint Cajetan of the South"), or simply São Caetano, is a city in São Paulo state in Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. The population is 161,957 (2020 est.) in an area of 15.33 km2. It is ...
in São Paulo with 0.919, while the lowest was Setubinha. In other statistics (considering 5,507 municipalities) Manari in the state of
Pernambuco Pernambuco ( , , ) is a States of Brazil, state of Brazil located in the Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast region of the country. With an estimated population of 9.5 million people as of 2024, it is the List of Brazilian states by population, ...
has the lowest rating in the country—0,467—putting it in last place.


See also

*
List of municipalities in Minas Gerais This is a list of the municipalities in the States of Brazil, state of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais (MG), located in the Southeast Region, Brazil, Southeast Region of Brazil. Minas Gerais is divided into 853 Municipalities of Brazil, municipalities, ...


References

{{coord, 19, 43, 47, S, 50, 11, 46, W, display=title, region:BR_type:city Municipalities in Minas Gerais