Isma'il Kamil Pasha (; 1795 – 1822) was the third son of Muhammad Ali Pasha of Egypt, and the leader of the campaign he sent in 1820, to annex Sudan. He was burned to death in a plot prepared for him by

Mek Nimr El Mek Nimr, also known as Nimr Muhammad, (c. 1785 to 1846) was the last ''mek'' (king) of the Ja'alin tribe, who resided in Shendi, Sudan. After first having joined the Egyptian army during the Turkish rule in Sudan, he later defeated their t ...

, the Ja'ali King of

Shendi Shendi or Shandi () is a small city in northern Sudan, situated on the southeastern bank of the Nile River 150 km northeast of Khartoum. Shandi is also about 45 km southwest of the ancient city of Meroë. Located in the River Nile s ...

, in 1822, in response to an insult directed at him by Ismail, rebuking him for the people of Shendi revolting and attacking slave convoys heading to Egypt.Abbas al-Tarabili (11-06-2020)
"الأمير.. المجهول المعلوم!"
''al-Masry al-Youm''.{{Cite web , date=2022-12-05 , title=سعيد الشحات يكتب: ذات يوم 5 ديسمبر 1822.. محمد على باشا يتلقى خبر موت ابنه «إسماعيل» محترقا فى السودان بتدبير من الملك «نمر» , url=https://www.youm7.com/story/2022/12/5/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8-%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85-5-%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1-1822-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89/5999849 , access-date=2024-04-06 , website=اليوم السابع , language=ar

Biography

Ismail Kamil was the leader of the

Sudan Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Libya to the northwest, Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Eritrea and Ethiopi ...

campaign of 1820, while Mahammad Bey al-Daftardar was tasked with the conquest of

Kordofan Kordofan ( ') is a former province of central Sudan. In 1994 it was divided into three new federal states: North Kordofan, South Kordofan and West Kordofan. In August 2005, West Kordofan State was abolished and its territory divided between N ...

. Ismail succeeded in conquering

Dongola Dongola (), also known as Urdu or New Dongola, is the capital of Northern State in Sudan, on the banks of the Nile. It should not be confused with Old Dongola, a now deserted medieval city located 80 km upstream on the opposite bank. Et ...

and subjugated Mek Nimr, King of Shendi, in March 1821. But Nimr quickly rebelled and defected, so Ismail set off against him with an army and entered the capital of the city of Shendi in October 1822. He blamed its king, Nimr, and even slapped him in the face. King Nimr decided to take revenge, so he invited Prince Ismail and the leaders of his forces to a feast in his wooden palace, and gathered around him quantities of hay and dry grass. Ismail was surprised, the king replied that this was the food for the prince's horses and the army leaders, and as soon as everyone settled inside the royal palace, it was completely set on fire. He ordered his soldiers to fire arrows and arrows at everyone in it, and Ismail was killed and burned when he was 27 years old. When Mahammad Bey al-Daftardar learned of this, he set out with his forces from Kordofan to Shendi to take revenge on Mek Nimr, who had fled and taken refuge in the lands of

Abyssinia Abyssinia (; also known as Abyssinie, Abissinia, Habessinien, or Al-Habash) was an ancient region in the Horn of Africa situated in the northern highlands of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea.Sven Rubenson, The survival of Ethiopian independence, ...

(

Ethiopian Empire The Ethiopian Empire, historically known as Abyssinia or simply Ethiopia, was a sovereign state that encompassed the present-day territories of Ethiopia and Eritrea. It existed from the establishment of the Solomonic dynasty by Yekuno Amlak a ...

). Its emperor received him and appointed him ruler of a region inside Abyssinia until he died. Al-Defterdar collected the remains of Ismail's body and carried it to

Cairo Cairo ( ; , ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, being home to more than 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, L ...

, where his father, Mahammad Ali, buried him in

Hosh al-Basha Hosh al-Basha (), also Hosh el-Basha, Hawsh al-Basha, or Hosh el-Pasha), is a mausoleum of the royal family of Muhammad Ali Pasha at road al-Imam Al-Shafi‘i in the Southern Cemetery of Cairo, Egypt. Description Hosh al-Pasha was built in 185 ...

, with his name recorded on the tombstone in Turkish.

References

1795 births 1822 deaths Muhammad Ali dynasty princes Egyptian generals 18th-century Egyptian people 19th-century Egyptian people 19th century in Sudan Murdered royalty Sons of monarchs Egyptian pashas