Isabel Madeira
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Isabel Madeira (
floruit ''Floruit'' ( ; usually abbreviated fl. or occasionally flor.; from Latin for 'flourished') denotes a date or period during which a person was known to have been alive or active. In English, the unabbreviated word may also be used as a noun indic ...
1546) was a Portuguese soldier, known for her participation in the defence of Portuguese Diu in
India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...
during the siege of 1546. She was the captain of a battalion of female combatants.


Biography

During the Second
Siege of Diu Siege of Diu may refer to one of the following conflicts fought within or on the waters off the Island of Diu: *Battle of Diu (1509) * Siege of Diu (1531) * Siege of Diu (1538) * Siege of Diu (1546) *Annexation of Goa The Annexation of G ...
, in 1546, the captain Isabel Madeira, together with Isabel Fernandes, Garcia Rodrigues, Catarina Lopes and Isabel Dias, commanded a battalion of female combatants, including D.João de Mascarenhas, commander of the fortress of Diu, due to the fact that the garrison was small and had already suffered casualties. She also oversaw the repair of the bulwarks destroyed by the enemy artillery and helped her husband, a surgeon, to treat the sick. It is said that she went to bury her husband, killed in an attack on the Bastion of St. George, and then returned to the battlefield. This achievement is recorded in the Decades of
Diogo de Couto Diogo do Couto (Lisbon, c. 1542 – Goa, 10 December 1616) was a Portuguese historian. Biography He was born in Lisbon in 1542 to Gaspar do Couto and Isabel Serrão Calvos. He studied Latin and Rhetoric at the College of Saint Anthony the Great ...
, and in a magazine of 1842 it was described as follows:
From the first siege of Diu, let us move on to the second. This one, who was worthy of his person, the famous and enlightened Captain D. João Mascarenhas, in the time of the distinguished D. João de Castro, one of the greatest men, who with great credit and equal glory of Portugal, ruled the States of India) was certainly by the circumstances that came together much more formidable than the first. For this reason a great company of women was formed, so that united one and another effort, masculine and feminine, could more strongly resist the fury of the enemies. Among them were the names of Garcia Rodrigues, Isabel Dias, Catharina Lopes, and Isabel Fernandes, all of whom ruled as Captain Isabel Madeira. These, in such a way, will be in this memorable siege, that not only according to the repairs of the walls and bastions, but that, aiding the same Soldiers, to them it is due not to be surrendered that Fortress.


Sources

* (1842) "Heroínas Portuguesas". O Recreio (jornal das famílias) 8. Imprensa Nacional. {{Portugal-bio-stub Female wartime nurses Portuguese soldiers Women in 16th-century warfare Women in European warfare Women in war in South Asia 16th-century Portuguese women