use both this parameter and , birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) --> , death_place = , death_cause = , body_discovered = , resting_place = , resting_place_coordinates = , burial_place = , burial_coordinates = , monuments = , nationality = Ukrainian Jew , other_names = , siglum = , citizenship = , education = , alma_mater = , occupation = , years_active = 1920 , era = , employer = , organization =

Nabat The Nabat Confederation of Anarchist Organizations, better known simply as the Nabat (; ), was a Ukrainian anarchist organization that came to prominence during the Ukrainian War of Independence. The organization, based in Kharkiv, had branche ...

, agent = , known_for = , notable_works = , style = , height = , television = , title = , term = , predecessor = , successor = , party = , otherparty = , movement =

Makhnovshchina The Makhnovshchina (, ) was a Political movement#Mass movements, mass movement to establish anarchist communism in southern Ukraine, southern and eastern Ukraine during the Ukrainian War of Independence of 1917–1921. Named after Nestor Makhno, ...

, opponents = , boards = , criminal_charges = , criminal_penalty = , criminal_status = , spouse = , partner = , children = , parents = , mother = , father = , relatives = , family = , callsign = , awards = , website = , module = , module2 = , module3 = , module4 = , module5 = , module6 = , signature = , signature_size = , signature_alt = , footnotes = Iliya Hordev (; ), commonly known as Isaac Teper (; ), was a

Ukrainian Jewish The history of the Jews in Ukraine dates back over a thousand years; Jewish communities have existed in the modern territory of Ukraine from the time of the Kievan Rus' (late 9th to mid-13th century). Important Jewish religious and cultural move ...

anarchist, who became a leading member of the

and the

Makhnovist movement The Makhnovshchina (, ) was a mass movement to establish anarchist communism in southern and eastern Ukraine during the Ukrainian War of Independence of 1917–1921. Named after Nestor Makhno, the commander-in-chief of the Revolutionary Insurg ...

in 1920. His account of the movement's history, published in 1924, provided a key

primary source In the study of history as an academic discipline, a primary source (also called an original source) is an Artifact (archaeology), artifact, document, diary, manuscript, autobiography, recording, or any other source of information that was cre ...

for

historiography Historiography is the study of the methods used by historians in developing history as an academic discipline. By extension, the term ":wikt:historiography, historiography" is any body of historical work on a particular subject. The historiog ...

about the movement.

Biography

In April 1920, a Nabat meeting in

Kharkiv Kharkiv, also known as Kharkov, is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city in Ukraine.

resolved to renew their participation in the Makhnovist movement and dispatched a three-man delegation to the insurgent command. Teper, along with

Aron Baron Aron Davydovych Baron (; 1891–1937) was a Ukrainian Jewish anarchist revolutionary. Following the suppression of the 1905 Russian Revolution, 1905 Revolution, he fled to the United States, where he met his wife Fanya Baron and participated in ...

and Yakiv Sukhovolski, linked up with the insurgent command. But they quickly came into conflict with the military leadership, with one case of an argument between Teper and Dmitry Popov ending with Popov threatening to have Teper killed. In August 1920,

Nestor Makhno Nestor Ivanovych Makhno (, ; 7 November 1888 – 25 July 1934), also known as Bat'ko Makhno ( , ), was a Ukrainians, Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary and the commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine during the Ukrainian War o ...

met with Teper and tasked him with securing an agreement with the Ukrainian Soviet government against the

Army of Wrangel The Russian Army (), commonly known as the Army of Wrangel (), was a White Army active in South Russia during the Russian Civil War from March to November 1920. It was officially formed on 28 April 1920 from the merger of several White armies, i ...

. The next month, he attended a Nabat conference in Kharkiv, where Baron passed an anti-Makhnovist resolution. Nevertheless, by October 1920, the

Starobilsk agreement The Starobilsk agreement was a 1920 political and military alliance between the Makhnovshchina, an anarchist mass movement led by Nestor Makhno's Insurgent Army, and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which the Bolsheviks had established ...

between the Makhnovists and the Bolsheviks was ratified, securing the release of Nabat members from prison. During the brief period of armistice between the two factions, Teper oversaw the publication of ''The Makhnovist Voice'' () in Kharkiv. Dmitry Popov, an opponent of the agreement with the Bolsheviks, published a series of anti-Bolshevik articles in the paper. According to Teper, Popov was a staunch

anti-communist Anti-communism is political and ideological opposition to communist beliefs, groups, and individuals. Organized anti-communism developed after the 1917 October Revolution in Russia, and it reached global dimensions during the Cold War, when th ...

and had set himself the goal of killing 300 communists, but only managed to kill 200 before his own death. On 26 November 1920, the leadership of the Nabat was arrested in Kharkiv. Teper was captured by the

Cheka The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission ( rus, Всероссийская чрезвычайная комиссия, r=Vserossiyskaya chrezvychaynaya komissiya, p=fsʲɪrɐˈsʲijskəjə tɕrʲɪzvɨˈtɕæjnəjə kɐˈmʲisʲɪjə, links=yes), ...

and wrote a book about his experiences in prison, likely supervised by the Cheka. In his book, Teper rejected allegations that Nestor Makhno was a

Ukrainian nationalist Ukrainian nationalism (, ) is the promotion of the unity of Ukrainians as a people and the promotion of the identity of Ukraine as a nation state. The origins of modern Ukrainian nationalism emerge during the Cossack uprising against the Poli ...

and an

antisemite Antisemitism or Jew-hatred is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who harbours it is called an antisemite. Whether antisemitism is considered a form of racism depends on the school of thought. Antisemi ...

, largely attributing cases of antisemitism within the Insurgent Army to units with criminal or nationalist inclinations. He also detailed a case when Makhno insisted that an insurgent, charged with having raped a woman, be shot. But the tribunal narrowly voted to relieve him from command and place him on the front, where he died shortly thereafter. His criticisms for the movement were largely reserved for his own former organisation - the Nabat - which he claimed to be the real director of the Makhnovshchina, even depicting Aron Baron as the movement's

dictator A dictator is a political leader who possesses absolute Power (social and political), power. A dictatorship is a state ruled by one dictator or by a polity. The word originated as the title of a Roman dictator elected by the Roman Senate to r ...

. In

, the book has been valued for its reprinting of the Starobilsk agreement. Teper's account was later criticised in

Soviet historiography Soviet historiography is the methodology of history studies by historians in the Soviet Union (USSR). In the USSR, the study of history was marked by restrictions imposed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). Soviet historiography i ...

, with Teper being accused of attempting to rehabilitate Makhno.

References

Bibliography

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Teper, Issac Year of birth unknown Year of death unknown 20th-century anarchists 20th-century Ukrainian male writers Jewish anarchists Jewish Ukrainian writers Makhnovists Ukrainian anarchists Ukrainian editors Ukrainian Jews