Intizar Hussain

Intizar Hussain or Intezar Hussain (; 21 December 1925 – 2 February 2016) was a Pakistani writer of Urdu novels, short stories, poetry and nonfiction. He is widely recognised as a leading literary figure of Pakistan.

He was nominated for the International Booker Prize in 2013.

Early life

Intizar Hussain was born on 21 December 1925 in Bulandshahr district, Uttar Pradesh (at the time, the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh), British India. He received a degree in Urdu literature in Meerut. As someone born in the Indian subcontinent who later migrated to Pakistan during 1947 Partition, a perennial theme in Hussain's works deals with the nostalgia linked with his life in the pre-partition era. Intizar Husain was often described as possibly the greatest living Urdu writer.

He lived in the old Anarkali Bazaar of Lahore, where he associated and socialized with the likes of Nasir Kazmi, and Muhammad Hasan Askari and together they frequented Lahore's teahouses – Pak Tea House, Nagina Bakery, Coffee House, Lords and Arab Hotel.

Lahore's literary scene was divided between two groups, ''Anjuman-e-Tarraqi-Pasand-Mussannifeen'' ( Progressive Writers Movement) (a leftwing group) and the rightwing Halqa-e Arbab-e Zauq in the 1950s. Intizar Hussain decided not to be closely associated with either group and managed to stay neutral and focus on his writing career.

Literary work

He wrote short stories, novels and poetry in Urdu, and also literary columns for newspapers such as ''Dawn'' and ''Daily Express''. ''The Seventh Door'', ''Leaves'' and ''Basti'' are among English translations of his books.

Among the five novels he wrote – ''Chaand Gehan'' (1952), ''Din Aur Daastaan'' (1959), ''Basti'' (1980), ''Tazkira'' (1987), and ''Aage Samandar Hai'' (1995) – received global praise.

His other writings include ''Hindustan Se Aakhri Khat'', ''Aagay Sumandar Hai'', ''Shehr-e-Afsos'', ''Jataka Tales'', ''Janam Kahanian'' and ''Wo Jo Kho Gaye''. ''Aagay Sumandar Hai'' (Sea is facing you in the front) contrasts the spiraling urban violence of contemporary Karachi with a vision of the lost Islamic realm of al-Andalus in modern Spain.Intizar Hussain, Pakistan's 'greatest fiction writer', dies at 92
The Telegraph newspaper, Published 2 February 2016. Retrieved 18 November 2023

His novel ''Basti'' is based on Pakistani history.

Among his books, "Basti" and "Khali Pinjra" have been translated into Persian by Samira Gilani.

Death

On 2 February 2016, he died at National Hospital, Defence Housing Authority at Lahore after contracting pneumonia. ''The Indian Express'' newspaper termed him the "best-known Pakistani writer in the world" after Manto.

His wife, Aliya Begum, had died in 2004 and they had no children.Pakistan's 'Greatest Fiction Writer' Dies at 92
Newsweek Pakistan website, Published 3 February 2016, Retrieved 18 November 2023

Influences

Hussain believed that two forces had risen in contemporary Pakistan: women and the mullahs. He also acknowledged his study and the influence of Buddhist texts and the ''Mahabharata''.

Legacy

In 2016, Pakistan Academy of Letters (PAL) announced the ‘Intizar Hussain Award’ which would be given to a literary figure every year.

Awards and international recognition

* Pride of Performance Award by the President of Pakistan in 1986.
* Kamal-e-Fun (Lifetime Achievement) Award by the Pakistan Academy of Letters in 1998.
*In 2007, Hussain received the Pakistani civil award Sitara-i-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) by the President of Pakistan.
* Sahitya Akademi Fellowship (National Academy of Letters) of India awarded in 2007.Sahitya Akademi Fellowship awarded to Intizar Hussain in 2007 (scroll down to Premchand Fellowship)
Sahitya Akademi (National Academy of Letters), Government of India website, Retrieved 18 November 2023
*In 2013, he was shortlisted for the Man Booker International Prize after Frances W. Pritchett translated his Urdu novel ''Basti'' into English.
*He received a lifetime achievement award at the Lahore Literary Festival. '' Newsweek Pakistan'' called him "Pakistan's most accomplished living author" in 2014.
*Hussain was made an Officer of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French government in 2014

*He was also the first ever winner of the prestigious ''Premchand Fellowship'' awarded by Sahitya Akademi of India in 2007.

Bibliography

* ''A Chronicle of the Peacocks: Stories of Partition, Exile and Lost Memories''
*''The Death of Sheherzad''
*''Basti'' (1979) (Town)
*''Aagay Samandar Hai'' (Beyond is the Sea) (1995)
*''Chiraghon Ka Dhuvan'' (Lamp Smoke) (memoir) (1999)
*''Chaand Gahan'' (2002)
*''Ajmal-I Azam'' (2003)
*''Surakh Tamgha'' (2007)
*''Qissa Kahanian'' (2011)
*''Justujoo Kya Hai'' (autobiography) (2012)
*''Apni Danist Mein'' (2014)

References

External links

Column archive

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hussain, Intizar
1925 births
2016 deaths
People from Bulandshahr district
Muhajir people
Pakistani dramatists and playwrights
Pakistani scholars
Recipients of Sitara-i-Imtiaz
Pakistani Sunni Muslims
Writers from Lahore
Recipients of the Adamjee Literary Award
Writers from Karachi
Pakistani columnists
Recipients of the Pride of Performance
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
Journalists from Lahore