Inti-Illimani (; from Quechuan ''

Inti Inti is the ancient Inca mythology, Inca solar deity, sun god. He is revered as the national Tutelary deity, patron of the Inca state. Although most consider Inti the sun god, he is more appropriately viewed as a cluster of solar aspects, since t ...

'' and Aymara '' Illimani)'' are an instrumental and vocal Latin American folk music ensemble from Chile. The band was formed in 1967 by a group of university students and it acquired widespread popularity in Chile for their song '' Venceremos'' (We shall win!), which became the

anthem An anthem is a musical composition of celebration, usually used as a symbol for a distinct group, particularly the national anthems of countries. Originally, and in music theory and religious contexts, it also refers more particularly to sho ...

of the Popular Unity government of

Salvador Allende Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 1970 until Death of Salvador Allende, his death in 1973 Chilean coup d'état, 1973. As a ...

. When the

1973 Chilean coup d'état The 1973 Chilean coup d'état () was a military overthrow of the democratic socialist president of Chile Salvador Allende and his Popular Unity (Chile), Popular Unity coalition government. Allende, who has been described as the first Marxist ...

took place, they were on tour in Europe and were unable to return to their country where their music was proscribed by the ruling

military junta A military junta () is a system of government led by a committee of military leaders. The term ''Junta (governing body), junta'' means "meeting" or "committee" and originated in the Junta (Peninsular War), national and local junta organized by t ...

Augusto Pinochet Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte (25 November 1915 – 10 December 2006) was a Chilean military officer and politician who was the dictator of Military dictatorship of Chile, Chile from 1973 to 1990. From 1973 to 1981, he was the leader ...

. In Europe their music took on a multifarious character, incorporating elements of European

baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...

and other traditional music forms to their Latin American rhythms, creating a fusion of modern

world music "World music" is an English phrase for styles of music from non-English speaking countries, including quasi-traditional, Cross-cultural communication, intercultural, and traditional music. World music's broad nature and elasticity as a musical ...

. Their name means 'Sun of the Golden Eagle' in Aymara.

History

The group was formed by students at the Universidad Técnica del Estado at

Santiago, Chile Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile (), is the capital and largest city of Chile and one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is located in the country's central valley and is the center of the Santiago Metropolitan Regi ...

in 1967. In 1973 while they were on tour abroad, General Augusto Pinochet launched a

coup d'état A coup d'état (; ; ), or simply a coup , is typically an illegal and overt attempt by a military organization or other government elites to unseat an incumbent leadership. A self-coup is said to take place when a leader, having come to powe ...

and took power. Having heard of the numerous extra-judicial killings of many fellow artists by Chile's army, they took up residence in Italy, resulting in "the longest tour in history" as they remained in exile. They continued their efforts supporting Chilean democracy internationally; '' magnitizdat'' copies of their work continued to be widely distributed in Chile. In September 1988, days after they were no longer banned from Chile, they began touring Chile again, supporting the "No" side during the

1988 Chilean national plebiscite A referendum on whether Augusto Pinochet, the head of a Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–90), military dictatorship, should become president for eight years under resumed civilian rule was held in Chile on 5 October 1988. The "No" side won ...

. In the past the group was musically led by Horacio Salinas and politically led by Jorge Coulon. However, in 2001 there was a controversial split of the group, which started when three key members left the group ( José Seves, Horacio Durán and Horacio Salinas). They were replaced by Manuel Meriño (from Entrama), Cristián González and Juan Flores. Due to the importance of departed members, many called into question the ability of the remainder to carry on the Inti-Illimani name. Meanwhile, the three departed members started their own group they call Inti-Illimani Histórico. From 2005 onwards, there has been two groups.

Membership

In August 1967 Inti-Illimani's earliest membership consisted of: * Horacio Durán * Coulón * Luis Espinoza * Oscar Guzmán * Ciro Retamal * Pedro Yáñez In 1968 Inti-Illimani's membership consisted of: * Horacio Salinas (musical director and main composer) * Horacio Durán * Max Berrú * Jorge Coulon * Ernesto Perez de Arce Current line-up of the "Inti-Illimani Nuevo": * Jorge Coulon * Christian González * Daniel Cantillana * Juan Flores * Efren Viera * Marcelo Coulon * Manuel Meriño * César Jara Current line-up of the "Inti-Histórico": * Horacio Salinas * Horacio Durán * José Seves * Jorge Ball * Fernando Julio * Camilo Salinas * Danilo Donoso Other members in the history of the group: * Ernesto Pérez de Arce * Homero Altamirano * José Miguel Camus * Renato Freyggang * Pedro Villagra

Discography

;Albums *Si Somos Americanos (1969) *Voz para el camino (1969) *Por la CUT (1969) *A la Revolución Mexicana (1969) *Inti Illimani (1969) *Inti-Illimani (1970) *Canto al Programa (1970) *Charagua/El Aparecido (1971) *Autores Chilenos (1971) *Nuestro México, Febrero 23/Dolencias (1972) *Canto para una Semilla (1972) *Quebrada de Humahuaca/Taita Salasaca (1972) *Canto de Pueblos Andinos, Vol. 1 (1973) * Viva Chile! (1973) * La Nueva Canción Chilena (Inti-Illimani 2) (1974) * Canto de Pueblos Andinos (Inti-Illimani 3) (1975) *Hacia La Libertad (Inti-Illimani 4) (1975) *Canto de Pueblos Andinos, Vol. 2 (Inti-Illimani 5) (1976) *Chile Resistencia (Inti-Illimani 6) (1977) * Hart voor Chile (various artists) (1977) *Canto per una Seme (1978) – Italian edition of Canto para una Semilla (1972) *Canción para Matar una Culebra (1979) *Jag Vill Tacka Livet (Gracias a la Vida) (1980) *En Directo (1980) *Palimpsesto (1981) *The Flight of the Condor (1982) *Con la Razón y la Fuerza (1982) *Imaginación (1984) *Sing to me the Dream (1984) *Return of the Condor (1984) *La Muerte no Va Conmigo (1985) *De Canto y Baile (1986) *Fragmentos de un Sueño (1987) *Leyenda (1990) *Andadas (1992) *Arriesgaré la Piel (1996) *Grandes Exitos (1997) *Lejanía (1998) * Amar de Nuevo (1999) *Sinfónico (1999) *La Rosa de los Vientos (1999) *Inti-Illimani Interpreta a Víctor Jara (2000) *Antología en Vivo (2001) *Lugares Comunes (2002)

Inti-Illimani Histórico

* 2006 – Essential * 2010 – Travesura (with Diego "el Cigala" and Ayllón ) * 2013 – Inti Illimani Histórico – Vivir En Libertad () * 2014 – Inti-Illimani Histórico Canta a Manns

Live albums

* 2005 – Inti + Quila Música en la memoria (with

Quilapayún Quilapayún () are a folk music group from Chile and among the longest lasting and most influential ambassadors of the ''Nueva canción, Nueva Canción Chilena'' movement and genre. Formed during the mid-1960s, the group became inseparable with t ...

) * 2006 – Antología en vivo * 2006 – Música en la Memoria – Juntos en Chile (with

) * 2012 – Eva + Inti (with Eva Ayllón)

Tribute albums

* 2009 – Inti-Illimani histórico. Tributo a su música * 2009 – Tributo a Inti-Illimani Histórico. A la Salud de la Música

Inti-Illimani Nuevo (New)

*2003 – Viva Italia *2006 – Pequeño Mundo *2010 – Meridiano *2014 – Teoría de cuerdas

Contributing artist

*'' The Rough Guide to the Music of the Andes'' (1996, World Music Network) *'' Unwired: Latin America'' (2001, World Music Network)

References

External links

Inti-Illimani
on Twitter {{Authority control Musical groups established in 1967 Chilean folk musical groups Nueva canción musicians Parlophone artists Andean music 1967 establishments in Chile Musicians from Santiago, Chile Political music groups