The Internal Troops of the Ministry for Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation () was a

paramilitary A paramilitary is a military that is not a part of a country's official or legitimate armed forces. The Oxford English Dictionary traces the use of the term "paramilitary" as far back as 1934. Overview Though a paramilitary is, by definiti ...

force of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

from 1991 to 2016. The Internal Troops was a

gendarmerie A gendarmerie () is a paramilitary or military force with law enforcement duties among the civilian population. The term ''gendarme'' () is derived from the medieval French expression ', which translates to " men-at-arms" (). In France and so ...

-like force that supported the Russian police, dealt with

crowd control Crowd control is a public security practice in which large crowds are managed in order to prevent the outbreak of crowd crushes, affray, fights involving drunk and disorderly people or riots. Crowd crushes in particular can cause many hundre ...

during

riot A riot or mob violence is a form of civil disorder commonly characterized by a group lashing out in a violent public disturbance against authority, property, or people. Riots typically involve destruction of property, public or private. The p ...

s and internal conflicts, and guarded highly-important facilities such as

nuclear power plant A nuclear power plant (NPP), also known as a nuclear power station (NPS), nuclear generating station (NGS) or atomic power station (APS) is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor. As is typical of thermal power st ...

s. The Internal Troops was involved in all conflicts and violent disturbances in modern Russia, including the

First First most commonly refers to: * First, the ordinal form of the number 1 First or 1st may also refer to: Acronyms * Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters, an astronomical survey carried out by the Very Large Array * Far Infrared a ...

and

Second Chechen War Names The Second Chechen War is also known as the Second Chechen Campaign () or the Second Russian Invasion of Chechnya from the Chechens, Chechen insurgents' point of view.Федеральный закон № 5-ФЗ от 12 января 19 ...

s, where it fell under direct military command during wartime and fulfilled missions of local defence and rear area security. The Internal Troops consisted of both

volunteer Volunteering is an elective and freely chosen act of an individual or group giving their time and labor, often for community service. Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency ...

s and

conscript Conscription, also known as the draft in the United States and Israel, is the practice in which the compulsory enlistment in a national service, mainly a military service, is enforced by law. Conscription dates back to antiquity and it contin ...

s, which caused the number of active service members to fluctuate, with less than 200,000 upon their disestablishment from a peak strength of 350,000, and had experienced a shortage of

officer An officer is a person who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization. The term derives from Old French ''oficier'' "officer, official" (early 14c., Modern French ''officier''), from Medieval Latin ''officiarius'' "an officer," fro ...

s since 1998. The final commander-in-chief of the Internal Troops was

Colonel General Colonel general is a military rank used in some armies. It is particularly associated with Germany, where historically General officer#Old European system, general officer ranks were one grade lower than in the Commonwealth and the United States, ...

Viktor Zolotov from 2014 to 2016. The Internal Troops claimed descent from the

Special Corps of Gendarmes The Separate Corps of Gendarmes () was the uniformed security police of the Imperial Russian Army in the Russian Empire during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Its main responsibilities were law enforcement and state security. The responsi ...

of the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

founded in 1811 and entered their modern form as a paramilitary of the

interior ministry An interior ministry or ministry of the interior (also called ministry of home affairs or ministry of internal affairs) is a government department that is responsible for domestic policy, public security and law enforcement. In some states, the ...

of the

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and the Russian Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the labo ...

in 1918. It was formed from the Russian branch of the Internal Troops of the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

in 1991 shortly before the

dissolution of the Soviet Union The Soviet Union was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration No. 142-N of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Declaration No. 142-Н of ...

. On 5 April 2016, the Interior Troops was officially split from the Ministry of Internal Affairs to form the basis of the

National Guard of Russia The Federal Service of Troops of National Guard of the Russian Federation (), officially known as the (),#Official website, Official website is a federal executive body which is responsible for law enforcement, internal security, counter-terro ...

History

Internal Troops of the Russian Empire

The Internal Troops claimed descent from the Separate Corps of Gendarmes of the

, which began forming on 27 March 1811 as

units of the

Imperial Russian Army The Imperial Russian Army () was the army of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was organized into a standing army and a state militia. The standing army consisted of Regular army, regular troops and ...

. The Corps evolved into a uniformed

security police Security police usually describes a law enforcement agency which focuses primarily on providing security and law enforcement services to particular areas or specific properties. They may be employed by governmental, public, or private institutio ...

agency responsible for

law enforcement Law enforcement is the activity of some members of the government or other social institutions who act in an organized manner to enforce the law by investigating, deterring, rehabilitating, or punishing people who violate the rules and norms gove ...

and state security for most of the 19th century and a small part of the 20th century. The Corps also fell under the command of the

Ministry of Police of the Russian Empire Ministry of Police of Imperial Russia was created in the course of Government reform of Alexander I in 1810 and existed till 1819. Ministry objectives and credentials * Carrying out recruitment in the Army; * Protection of the state stocks of ...

and the Guberniya.

Internal Troops of the Soviet Union

The modern Internal Troops of Russia were raised in 1918 by the

All-Russian Central Executive Committee The All-Russian Central Executive Committee () was (June – November 1917) a permanent body formed by the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies (held from June 16 to July 7, 1917 in Petrograd), then became the ...

, one of the main

government bodies A government agency or state agency, sometimes an appointed commission, is a permanent or semi-permanent organization in the machinery of government (bureaucracy) that is responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions, s ...

of the

(RSFSR), as a

force attached to of the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs, the

of the RSFSR. In 1919, it was reorganized into the ''Internal Security Forces'' (, VOHR) and transferred to the

Cheka The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission ( rus, Всероссийская чрезвычайная комиссия, r=Vserossiyskaya chrezvychaynaya komissiya, p=fsʲɪrɐˈsʲijskəjə tɕrʲɪzvɨˈtɕæjnəjə kɐˈmʲisʲɪjə, links=yes), ...

, then in 1922 into the

Joint State Political Directorate The Joint State Political Directorate ( rus, Объединённое государственное политическое управление, p=ɐbjɪdʲɪˈnʲɵn(ː)əjə ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)əjə pəlʲɪˈtʲitɕɪskəjə ʊprɐˈv ...

(OGPU) in 1922. The Cheka and OGPU were the

secret police image:Putin-Stasi-Ausweis.png, 300px, Vladimir Putin's secret police identity card, issued by the East German Stasi while he was working as a Soviet KGB liaison officer from 1985 to 1989. Both organizations used similar forms of repression. Secre ...

agencies of the RSFSR and later the

. On 28 July 1988, the

Presidium of the Supreme Soviet The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet () was the standing body of the highest organ of state power, highest body of state authority in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).The Presidium of the Soviet Union is, in short, the legislativ ...

issued a decree "On duties and rights of the Internal Troops of the USSR MVD when safeguarding public order", clarifying its role in the cracking Soviet regime. However, the Internal Troops were still a part of the

Soviet Armed Forces The Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, also known as the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union, the Red Army (1918–1946) and the Soviet Army (1946–1991), were the armed forces of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republi ...

and this state of affairs pleased no one. The Armed Forces did not want to be seen as a force of internal suppression, especially after the disastrous Afghan War. The MVD was finding itself having to extinguish increasingly frequent and violent hot spots and to cope with growing and increasingly well organised and equipped criminals. For this the MVD needed more fire power. On 21 March 1989, the Presidium decided to take the Internal Troops out of the Armed Forces and the Ministry of Defense and give them to the Internal Affairs Ministry.

Russian Internal Troops

In 1990, the establishment of the Russian SFSR's MVD meant that the Internal Troops in the SFSR were now subordinated to the republican ministry. With the

at the end of 1991, the Internal Troops of the Soviet Union were reconstituted in the Russian Federation as the Internal Troops of Russia on 23 January 1992, with their last commander as the Soviet force, General-Polkovnik Vasily Savvin, becoming their first commander as a Russian one. In 1997, 14 controllers of the Internal Troops were arrested for corruption and collaboration with a local organized crime group for having stolen more than 400 kg of gold from an industry of gold in Kasimov, during the Kasimov war. Internal troops Russia

With the April 2016 foundation of the

, the Internal Troops were removed from the MVD and dissolved, becoming the National Guard Forces (''Войска национальной гвардии'', ''Voyska Natsionalnoy Gvardi'') which now reported directly to the

Security Council of Russia The Security Council of the Russian Federation ( SCRF or Sovbez; ) is a constitutional consultative body of the Russian president that supports the president's decision-making on national security affairs and matters of strategic interest. Comp ...

and its chairman, the

President of Russia The president of Russia, officially the president of the Russian Federation (), is the executive head of state of Russia. The president is the chair of the State Council (Russia), Federal State Council and the President of Russia#Commander-in-ch ...

Legal basis

The Federal Law No.27-173 was signed into law on 6 February 1997. The law set the operational standards for the Internal Troops of Russia. The law is entitled "On the Russian Federation Ministry of Internal Affairs Internal Troops". When supporting a state-of-emergency regime, Internal Troops were paid salary increases and additional monetary payments according to federal laws and other legal acts approved by the Minister of Internal Affairs. Article 38 granted senior operational commanders the right to call in subunits of special motorized formations and military units outside their deployment areas for a period of up to one month. The federal law also detailed the important role that the

Russian Ministry of Defense The Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation (; MOD) is the governing body of the Russian Armed Forces. The President of Russia is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Commander-in-Chief of the forces ...

played in the affairs of the MVD's Internal Troops when crises arose. For example, MOD was responsible for providing airliners for supporting Internal Troop activities during emergency situations, and conditions of

armed conflict War is an armed conflict between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity to sustain military operations, or between such organi ...

s; carrying out the stockpiling and echelon armaments and military equipment, ammunition, fuel and supplies for the mobilization deployment of the Internal Troops in wartime; and transferring arms and military equipment free of charge to the Internal Troops through support services based on special decisions of the federal government, and rendering assistance in the repair and restoration of damaged arms and military equipment.

General organisation

Despite being subordinated to civilian MVD authority, Internal Troops were a paramilitary force with a centralized system of ranks, command, and service. The Chief Commander and Staff of the troops reported only to Ministry of Internal Affairs, maintaining their separate chain of command. The Chief Commander was concurrently First Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs. VV units in the Soviet Union were predominantly formed up of

s drafted by the same system as for the

Soviet Army The Soviet Ground Forces () was the land warfare service branch of the Soviet Armed Forces from 1946 to 1992. It was preceded by the Red Army. After the Soviet Union ceased to exist in December 1991, the Ground Forces remained under th ...

. Modern Internal Troops in Russia, as in Ukraine, experienced a slow transition to the contract personnel system. VV officers were trained in both own special academies and the Army's military academies. The main kinds of Internal Troops were field units, various facility-guarding units, special motorized units,

riot control Riot control is a form of public order policing used by law enforcement, military, paramilitary or security forces to social control, control, disperse, and arrest people who are involved in a riot, unlawful Demonstration (people), demonstration ...

and patrol units, and

special forces Special forces or special operations forces (SOF) are military units trained to conduct special operations. NATO has defined special operations as "military activities conducted by specially designated, organized, selected, trained and equip ...

like Rus. Since the 1980s, spetsnaz units were created within the VV to deal with terrorism and hostage crises. Fields units were essentially light

motorized infantry Motorized infantry is infantry that is transported by trucks or other motor vehicles. It is distinguished from mechanized infantry, which is carried in armoured personnel carriers or infantry fighting vehicles, and from light infantry, which c ...

, similar to respective regular army units by their organization and weapons. They and the special forces have been heavily engaged in the armed conflicts in Chechnya and the broader

North Caucasus The North Caucasus, or Ciscaucasia, is a subregion in Eastern Europe governed by Russia. It constitutes the northern part of the wider Caucasus region, which separates Europe and Asia. The North Caucasus is bordered by the Sea of Azov and the B ...

Districts and formations

The Russian Internal Troops comprised headquarters, military units, military training institutions and the institutions for Internal Troops activities, and maintenance and administration bodies. The largest units were located in all major cities. Internal Troops districts: * Northwestern District **63rd, 33rd Operational Brigades of Special Designation (OBrON; V/Ch 3526, Lebyazhye); 124th VV Regiment, 614th VV Regiment Koryazhma; 2nd Marine VV Detachment; 110th Separate Special Motorised Police Battalion, St Petersburg; 2nd Separate Special Motorised Police Battalion St Petersburg; five other Special Motorised Police Battalions; 28th VV Special Purpose Detachment. * Moscow Orshansko-Hingansky Order of the Red Banner District ** Separate Operational Purpose Division (the " Dzerzhinsky Division") (

Balashikha Balashikha ( rus, Балашиха, p=bəlɐˈʂɨxə) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pekhorka River east of the Moscow Ring Road. Population: Etymology In Finno-Ugric languages, ''Bala-shika'' means ''land of celebration ...

, in the east of Moscow) **604th Red Banner Special Purpose Centre "Vityaz" ODON (V/Ch 3179); 12th, 55th, 95th VV Divisions; 551st, 687th, 503rd, 649th, 591st VV Regiments; one independent brigade of special designation, 21st at Sofrino, Moscow Oblast, established 10 October 1988 from 504th Training Regiment; eight independent VV battalions; 16 Special Motorised Police Battalions; three special purpose detachments including Zubr; other units. * North Caucasus District **2nd Independent Special Purpose Division; 47th, 49th Independent Mountain Warfare Brigade of VV (V/Ch 3748, Vladikavkaz), and 22nd (military unit 3642,

Kalach-na-Donu Kalach-na-Donu (), or Kalach-on-the-Don, is a town and the administrative center of Kalachyovsky District in Volgograd Oblast, Russia, located on the Don River, west of Volgograd, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: The tow ...

), 46th Order of Zhukov Independent Brigade of Special Designation (V/Ch 3025, Groznyy), 50th Independent Brigade of Operational Designation (military unit 3660,

Novocherkassk Novocherkassk () is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located near the confluence of the Tuzlov and Aksay Rivers, the latter a distributary of the Don (river), Don River. Novocherkassk is best known as the ...

), 102nd Separate Brigade of Operational Designation (

Makhachkala Makhachkala, previously known as Petrovskoye (1844–1857) and Port-Petrovsk (1857–1921), or by the local Kumyk language, Kumyk name of Anji, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Dagestan, Russia. ...

) (Military Unit Number 6752), 424th Independent Brigades of Operational Designation; five VV regiments; 140th VV Artillery Regiment; seven Special Motorised Police Battalions; 10 independent VV battalions; 358th Separate Reconnaissance Battalion (military unit 6776, Grozny); 358th, 346th, 372nd, 398th VV Reconnaissance Battalions; special purpose detachments; other units. The 674th Regiment of Operational Designation was later reported at Mozdok. * Privolzhsky District **94th Red Banner

Order of Zhukov The Order of Zhukov () is a military decoration of the Russian Federation. The order is named in honour of Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgy Zhukov (1896–1974). History The Order of Zhukov was established by Presidential Decree 930 of May ...

Division, Sarov; 43rd Regiment VV, Sarov; another VV regiment, Sarov; 561st Regiment (

Military Unit Number A Military Unit Number (Russian: войсковая часть, в/ ч; Ukrainian: військова частина, в/ ч) is a numeric alternate designation for military units in the armed forces and internal troops of post-Soviet ...

3424, Dzerzhinsk); 34th Independent Operational Brigade (OBRON) (military unit 3671, Bogorodsk/Nizhny Novgorod); 86th Special Mobile Police Battalion, Kazan; 26th Special Purpose Detachment (ooSpN) "Bars" (military unit 5598, Kazan); 428th Separate Battalion (Military Unit 3730, Kazan); 79th Division (brigade(?)) (military unit 6676, Kirov); 739th, 488th, 419th, unidentified (Ufa), 113th (Samara), 738th (Cheboksary), unidentified (Volgograd) Special Motorised Police Battalions; 379th Independent Battalion (Zeleny, Military Unit 6819?);› 29th Special Purpose Detachment (ooSpN) named after. MM. Shaimuratov "Bulat" (military unit 6795, Ufa); 54th Independent Operational Brigade (Perm); 35th Independent Brigade (Samara); unidentified VV regiment, Tolyatti; 589th VV Regiment, Zarechny; 20th Special Purpose Detachment "Viking," Saratov. * Ural District ** 93rd VV Division, Chelyabinsk, 42nd, 545th, 546th, 562nd Regiments, 95th VV Regiment (Kopeiisk), 23rd VV Special Purpose Detachment Mechel, Chelyabinsk, 928th Ind VV Battalion (Prezerny), 96th VV Division (Kalinovka-1), 543rd VV Regiment (Novouralsk), 18th VV Regiment (Nizhny Tagil), 138th VV Regiment (Lesnoi), 12th VV Special Purpose Detachment Ural, Nizhny Tagil, 620th Regiment (military unit 3474, Yekaterinburg); 395th Ind Mobile Police Battalion, Yekaterinberg, 131st Ind Mobile Police Battalion, Persyabinsk. * Siberian District **42nd, 82nd VV Brigades, 91st Red Banner Order of Suvorov VV Brigade (V/Ch 7486, Красноярск), other, smaller units. * Eastern District Military units under direct subordination: * The Central Communications * Engineering Center * Intelligence Directorate Internal Troops under the Intelligence Chief-Deputy Chief of Staff of the Internal Troops.

Commanders-in-Chief

Commanders-in-chief of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia since 1991: * Colonel General Vasily Savvin (1991–1992) * General of the Army Anatoly Kulikov (1992–1995) * Colonel-General Anatoly Romanov (1995) * Colonel-General (1995–1997) * Colonel-General Leonty Shevtsov (1997–1998) * Colonel-General (1998–1999) * Colonel-General (1999–2000) * General of the Army (2000–2004) * General of the Army Nikolay Rogozhkin (2004–2014) * General of the Army Viktor Zolotov (2014–2016)

Missions

* Security – to guard "key" state institutions (except for the

Kremlin The Moscow Kremlin (also the Kremlin) is a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia. Located in the centre of the country's capital city, the Moscow Kremlin (fortification), Kremlin comprises five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Mosco ...

and the highest echelons of the government which are guarded by the Federal Protective Service (FSO)), nuclear facilities, special storage depots and military bases. * National defence – to conduct rear area security operations and all military operations within national borders,

counter-intelligence Counterintelligence (counter-intelligence) or counterespionage (counter-espionage) is any activity aimed at protecting an agency's intelligence program from an opposition's intelligence service. It includes gathering information and conducting ac ...

authority in wartime. * Prisoner transport – in Soviet times, also guarded and operated the

Gulag The Gulag was a system of Labor camp, forced labor camps in the Soviet Union. The word ''Gulag'' originally referred only to the division of the Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies, Soviet secret police that was in charge of runnin ...

camps. Today: convict convoyage and transport. Security and operation of prisons have been performed by the Federal Penitentiary Service since its creation in 1994. * Public order – to assist the Russian Police for

operations when

OMON OMON is a system of military special police units within the Armed Forces of Russia. It previously operated within the structures of the Soviet and Russian Ministries of Internal Affairs (MVD). Originating as the special forces unit of the So ...

units are not available. * Border control – to assist the Russian Federal Border Service in the protection of the State border of the Russian Federation. *

Military police Military police (MP) are law enforcement agencies connected with, or part of, the military of a state. Not to be confused with civilian police, who are legally part of the civilian populace. In wartime operations, the military police may supp ...

functions. *

Counter-terrorist Counterterrorism (alternatively spelled: counter-terrorism), also known as anti-terrorism, relates to the practices, military tactics, techniques, and strategies that governments, law enforcement, businesses, and intelligence agencies use to com ...

operations (VV special forces units such as Vityaz and Rus). * Possible counterweight to the regular military, especially during the Soviet era.

Equipment

Internal troops ABS-40 riot control vehicle

Internal Troops' equipment included:

Helicopters

Mil Mi-6 The Mil Mi-6 (NATO reporting name Hook), given the article number ''izdeliye 50'' and company designation V-6, is a Soviet Union, Soviet/Russian heavy transport helicopter that was designed by the Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant, Mil design bureau. ...

''Hook'' *

Mil Mi-8 The Mil Mi-8 (, NATO reporting name: Hip) is a medium twin-turbine helicopter, originally designed by the Soviet Union, Soviet Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute, Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI) in the 1960s and introduced into the ...

''Hip'' *

Mil Mi-24 The Mil Mi-24 (; NATO reporting name: Hind) is a large helicopter gunship, attack helicopter and low-capacity transport helicopter, troop transport with room for eight passengers. It is produced by Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant and was introduced ...

''Hind''

Transportation

BTR-80 The BTR-80 () is an 8×8 wheeled Amphibious vehicle, amphibious armoured personnel carrier (APC) designed in the Soviet Union. It was adopted in 1985 and replaced the previous vehicles, the BTR-60 and BTR-70, in the Soviet Army. It was first de ...

BTR-70 The BTR-70 is an eight-wheeled armored personnel carrier () originally developed by the Soviet Union during the late 1960s under the manufacturing code GAZ-4905. On August 21, 1972, it was accepted into Soviet service and would later be widely exp ...

BMP-2 The BMP-2 (''Boyevaya Mashina Pekhoty'', , literally "combat machine/vehicle f theinfantry") is an amphibious infantry fighting vehicle introduced in the 1980s in the Soviet Union, following on from the BMP-1 of the 1960s. Development his ...

BRDM-2 The BRDM-2 (''Boyevaya Razvedyvatelnaya Dozornaya Mashina'', Боевая Разведывательная Дозорная Машина, literally "Combat Reconnaissance/Patrol Vehicle") is an amphibious armoured scout car designed and developed ...

* GAZ-2330 Tigr * BPM-97 * GAZ Vodnik *

Ural-4320 The Ural-4320 is a general purpose off-road vehicle, off-road 6×6 vehicle, produced at the Ural Automotive Plant in Miass, Russia for use by the Russian Ground Forces, Russian Army. The wheel arrangement for the Ural-4320 was designed for tran ...

* UAZ-469

Weaponry

* A wide variety of Soviet- and Russian-made small arms and crew-served weapons.

Shoulder patches

References

External links

Russian Internal Troops official website
* https://ponarseurasia.org/wp-content/uploads/attachments/pm_0045-6.pdf {{Authority control Defunct gendarmeries Defunct law enforcement agencies of Russia Military of Russia Military units and formations disestablished in 2016 Military units and formations established in 1988 Military units and formations established in 1811

History

Internal Troops of the Russian Empire

Internal Troops of the Soviet Union

Russian Internal Troops

Legal basis

General organisation

Districts and formations

Commanders-in-Chief

Missions

Equipment

Helicopters

Transportation

Weaponry

Shoulder patches

See also

References

Further reading

External links