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The Internal Security Corps ( pl, Korpus Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego, KBW) was a special-purpose military formation in
Between 1945 and 1954, the KBW fell under the responsibility of Minister Jakub Berman of the
Narodowe Siły Zbrojne
The Doomed soldiers – Polish Underground Soldiers 1944–1963 – The Untold Story
Antykomunistyczne Podziemie Zbrojne po 1944 roku
National Armed Forces Historical Brief
{{Authority control 1945 establishments in Poland Military of Poland Stalinism in Poland
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is divided into Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 mill ...
under democratic government
Democracy (From grc, δημοκρατία, dēmokratía, ''dēmos'' 'people' and ''kratos'' 'rule') is a form of government in which the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation (" direct democracy"), or to choose g ...
, established by the Council of Ministers on 24 May 1945.
History
The KBW consisted of 10 new cavalry regiments, an infantry division and two buffer brigades. The corps itself was subordinate to the Ministry of Public Security. By the end of August 1945, its force was made up of 29,053 soldiers and 2,356 officers. The KBW was called forth to protect key public infrastructure such as railways, but mainly to combat and suppress the anti-communist resistance in Poland including activities of the Cursed soldiers as well as all organizations which continued their armed struggle against the Communist takeover; such as the Freedom and Independence (WiN), the National Armed Forces (NSZ), and the remnants of the Polish Home Army (AK) among others.
Between 1945 and 1954, the KBW fell under the responsibility of Minister Jakub Berman of the Politburo
A politburo () or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties. It is present in most former and existing communist states.
Names
The term "politburo" in English comes from the Russian ''Politbyuro'' (), itself a contractio ...
, who was in charge of the Ministry of Public Security. Later, it was part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Between March 1945 and April 1947 alone, units of the KBW killed over 1,500 members of the Cursed soldiers, wounded 301, and apprehended 12,200 others.
In 1965, the KBW was renamed as the Wojska Obrony Wewnętrznej (Internal Defense Force). It was included in the framework of National Defense. Also, in 1962, the Silesian Unit of the Engineering Army nr KBW-4 built roads in the Bieszczady region in the extreme south-east of Poland, strategically important but an uninhabited area.
Commanding officers
#March 1945 – May 1945: Col.Henryk Toruńczyk
Col. Henryk Torunczyk, born in Włocławek, (1909–1966) was a Polish soldier. He later volunteered to fight with the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War. He was sometime commander of the Naftali Botwin Company; Chief of Staff of XIII ...
#Jun 1945 – September 1946: Gen. Bolesław Kieniewicz
Bolesław Kieniewicz (russian: Болеслав Альбинович Кеневич; 21 November 19073 May 1969) was a Red Army Lieutenant general who served in the Polish People's Army during World War II and in post-war commanded the Internal Se ...
#1946–1948: Brigadier General Konrad Świetlik
Konrad is a German (with variants ''Kunz'' and ''Kunze'') given name and surname that means "bold counselor" and may refer to:
People Given name
Surname
*Alexander Konrad (1890–1940), Russian explorer
*Antoine Konrad (born 1975), birth name o ...
#1948–1951: Brigadier General Juliusz Hibner
Juliusz Hibner (real name Dawid Szwarc; 11 October 1912 – 13 November 1994) was a brigadier general in the Polish People's Army and recipient of the title of Hero of Soviet Union. He also served as the commander of the Internal Security Corps an ...
(born Dawid Szwarc)
#1 March 1951 – 12 March 1965: Brigadier General Włodzimierz Muś Włodzimierz may refer to the following :
People
* Włodzimierz (given name), a Polish variant of the (East) Slavic name Vladimir
Places and jurisdictions
* Włodzimierz, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Włodzimierz, Łask C ...
#12 March 1965 – 1 July 1965: Brigadier General Bronisław Kuriata Bronisław (feminine: Bronisława) is a Polish name of Slavic origin meaning ''broni'' (to protect, to defend) and ''sława'' (glory, fame). The name may refer to:
People
* Bronislava of Poland, a 13th-century nun who was beatified in 1839
* Bron ...
See also
* Internal Troops – Soviet model for the Internal Security Corps. * Ministry of Public Security of Poland * Operation Vistula (1947) *Zygmunt Bauman
Zygmunt Bauman (; 19 November 1925 – 9 January 2017) was a Polish sociologist and philosopher. He was driven out of the Polish People's Republic during the 1968 Polish political crisis and forced to give up his Polish citizenship. He emigra ...
References
External links
Narodowe Siły Zbrojne
The Doomed soldiers – Polish Underground Soldiers 1944–1963 – The Untold Story
Antykomunistyczne Podziemie Zbrojne po 1944 roku
National Armed Forces Historical Brief
{{Authority control 1945 establishments in Poland Military of Poland Stalinism in Poland