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The Internal Security Corps (, KBW) was a special-purpose military formation in
The KBW consisted of 10 new cavalry regiments, an infantry division, and two buffer brigades. The corps itself was subordinate to the Ministry of Public Security. By the end of August 1945, its force was made up of 29,053 soldiers and 2,356 officers. The KBW was called forth to protect key public infrastructure such as railways, but mainly to combat and suppress the anti-Communist resistance in Poland, including activities of the " Cursed soldiers" as well as all organizations which continued their armed struggle against the Communist takeover, such as the Freedom and Independence (WiN), the National Armed Forces (NSZ), and the remnants of the Polish Home Army (AK) among others.
Between 1945 and 1954, the KBW fell under the responsibility of Minister Jakub Berman of the
Narodowe Siły Zbrojne
The Doomed soldiers – Polish Underground Soldiers 1944–1963 – The Untold Story
Antykomunistyczne Podziemie Zbrojne po 1944 roku
National Armed Forces Historical Brief
{{Authority control 1945 establishments in Poland Military of Poland Stalinism in Poland
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...
under communist government, established on 24 May 1945.
History
The KBW consisted of 10 new cavalry regiments, an infantry division, and two buffer brigades. The corps itself was subordinate to the Ministry of Public Security. By the end of August 1945, its force was made up of 29,053 soldiers and 2,356 officers. The KBW was called forth to protect key public infrastructure such as railways, but mainly to combat and suppress the anti-Communist resistance in Poland, including activities of the " Cursed soldiers" as well as all organizations which continued their armed struggle against the Communist takeover, such as the Freedom and Independence (WiN), the National Armed Forces (NSZ), and the remnants of the Polish Home Army (AK) among others.
Between 1945 and 1954, the KBW fell under the responsibility of Minister Jakub Berman of the Politburo
A politburo () or political bureau is the highest organ of the central committee in communist parties. The term is also sometimes used to refer to similar organs in socialist and Islamist parties, such as the UK Labour Party's NEC or the Poli ...
, who was in charge of the Ministry of Public Security. Later, it was part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Between March 1945 and April 1947 alone, units of the KBW killed over 1,500 "Cursed soldiers", wounded 301, and apprehended 12,200 others.
In 1965, the KBW was renamed the Internal Defense Forces. It was included in the framework of National Defense. Also, in 1962, the Silesian Unit of the Engineering Army (KBW-4) built roads in the Bieszczady region in the extreme south-east of Poland, strategically important but an uninhabited area.
Commanding officers
#March 1945 – May 1945: Col. Henryk Toruńczyk #Jun 1945 – September 1946: Gen. Bolesław Kieniewicz #1946–1948: Brigadier General Konrad Świetlik #1948–1951: Brigadier General Juliusz Hibner (born Dawid Szwarc) #1 March 1951 – 12 March 1965: Brigadier General Włodzimierz Muś #August 1956 - July 1959: Brigadier General Wacław Komar (Acting commanding officer) #12 March 1965 – 1 July 1965: Brigadier General Bronisław KuriataSee also
* Internal Troops – Soviet model for the Internal Security Corps. * Ministry of Public Security of Poland * Operation Vistula (1947) *Zygmunt Bauman
Zygmunt Bauman (; ; 19 November 1925 – 9 January 2017) was a Polish–British sociologist and philosopher. He was driven out of the Polish People's Republic during the 1968 Polish political crisis and forced to give up his Polish citizenship. ...
References
External links
Narodowe Siły Zbrojne
The Doomed soldiers – Polish Underground Soldiers 1944–1963 – The Untold Story
Antykomunistyczne Podziemie Zbrojne po 1944 roku
National Armed Forces Historical Brief
{{Authority control 1945 establishments in Poland Military of Poland Stalinism in Poland