The Intendancy of Lima (), also known informally as Lima Province (), was one of the territorial divisions of the

Viceroyalty of Peru The Viceroyalty of Peru (), officially known as the Kingdom of Peru (), was a Monarchy of Spain, Spanish imperial provincial administrative district, created in 1542, that originally contained modern-day Peru and most of the Spanish Empire in ...

. The territory was ruled from the capital city of

Lima Lima ( ; ), founded in 1535 as the Ciudad de los Reyes (, Spanish for "City of Biblical Magi, Kings"), is the capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón River, Chillón, Rímac River, Rímac and Lurín Rive ...

. It was created in 1784 and lasted until 12 February 1821 when General Jose de San Martin created the

Department of the Coast The Department of the Coast () was a short-lived department of the Protectorate of Peru that existed from 1821 to 1823. The department's lone leader, who held the title of President, was . History On February 12, 1821, during the Peruvian War of ...

through the ''

Reglamento Provisional The Provisional Regulations () are the name given to an official document issued on February 12, 1821, by José de San Martín as Protectorate of Peru, Protector of Peru, considered the first legal document of the newly born state. The 20-article l ...

'' to replace it in the new Republic of

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

History

On December 22, 1574, when viceroy

Francisco de Toledo Francisco Álvarez de Toledo ( Oropesa, 10 July 1515 – Escalona, 21 April 1582), also known as ''The Viceroyal Solon'', was an aristocrat and soldier of the Kingdom of Spain and the fifth Viceroy of Peru. Often regarded as the "best of ...

reorganised the Indian ''

Corregimiento ''Corregimiento'' (; , ) is a Spanish term used for country subdivisions for royal administrative purposes, ensuring districts were under crown control as opposed to local elites. A ''corregimiento'' was usually headed by a '' corregidor''. The ...

s'', which had been created by governor Lope García de Castro in 1565 by appointing native judges, he ordered that the ''corregimientos'' of Huarochirí, Huaylas, Ica,

Jauja Jauja (Shawsha Wanka Quechua: , or , formerly in Spanish , with pronunciation of "x" as "sh") is a city and capital of Jauja Province in Peru. It is situated in the fertile Mantaro Valley, to the northwest of Huancayo (the capital of Junín ...

Arnedo Arnedo is the third largest town in La Rioja, Spain. It is located near Calahorra, and has a population of about 15,000 people. Its economy is based on the shoe industry. History The area of Arnedo has been inhabited as early as the Neolithic A ...

, Cajatambo and

Canta Canta is a town in the Lima Region, in western Peru. The town is located on the Chillón River and is the capital of the Canta Province. With a population of 2,385 ( 2017 census), it is also the capital of Canta District. It is frequently visit ...

depended on the ordinary mayors of the Cabildo of Lima. All of them in the district of the Real Audiencia of Lima. In 1576, Cañete was created, separating it from Ica and the city of

. In 1591 the Cercado de Lima was separated from Lima and Cañete. In the 17th century, the port of

Callao Callao () is a Peruvian seaside city and Regions of Peru, region on the Pacific Ocean in the Lima metropolitan area. Callao is Peru's chief seaport and home to its main airport, Jorge Chávez International Airport. Callao municipality consists ...

began to have a military governor appointed by the

king King is a royal title given to a male monarch. A king is an Absolute monarchy, absolute monarch if he holds unrestricted Government, governmental power or exercises full sovereignty over a nation. Conversely, he is a Constitutional monarchy, ...

. The intendancy system was established in the Viceroyalty of Peru by royal order of August 5, 1783. The first intendant of Lima (who took office in 1784) was the visitor general , approved by the king on January 24 of 1785. In 1787, the mayor's office was left in the hands of the viceroy until 1805 when Juan María Gálvez, then intendant of

Huancavelica Huancavelica () or Wankawillka in Quechua is a city in Peru. It is the capital of the department of Huancavelica and according to the 2017 census had a population of 49,570 people. The city was established on August 5, 1572 by the Viceroy ...

, took office, being named on September 22, 1804. In 1809, the intendancy was suppressed, although by 1811 it had been reestablished with Galvez back in office. The parts of the intendancy occupied by the Liberating Expedition of Peru were replaced by the

on 12 February 1821, proclaimed by General Jose de San Martin through the ''

'' during the

Peruvian War of Independence The Peruvian War of Independence () was a series of military conflicts in Peru from 1809 to 1826 that resulted in the country's independence from the Spanish Empire. Part of the broader Spanish American wars of independence, it led to the dis ...

, and later in its entirety with the creation of the

Department of Lima The Department of Lima (), known as the Department of the Capital () until 1823, is a department and region located in the central coast of Peru; the seat of the regional government is Huacho. Lima Province, which contains the city of Lima, ...

by the Provisional Statute, promulgated on October 8, 1821.

Subdivisions

The intendancy was divided into nine ''partidos''.

Intendants

The Governors (intendants) who ruled the intendancy of Lima were: * (1784–1787) *Colonel Juan María Galvez (1805–1809; 1811–1820) *Bartolomé María de Salamanca (1820–1821)

References

{{reflist

History of Lima History of the Department of Lima Subdivisions of the Viceroyalty of Peru

History

Subdivisions

Intendants

See also

References