Quechua
Quechua may refer to:
*Quechua people, several Indigenous ethnic groups in South America, especially in Peru
*Quechuan languages, an Indigenous South American language family spoken primarily in the Andes, derived from a common ancestral language ...
''Inka''
Inca
The Inca Empire, officially known as the Realm of the Four Parts (, ), was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political, and military center of the empire was in the city of Cusco. The History of the Incas, Inca ...
, ''qhamachu'' a species of wild tobacco ''(
Nicotiana glauca
''Nicotiana glauca'' is a species of flowering plant in the tobacco genus Nicotiana of the nightshade family Solanaceae. It is known by the common name tree tobacco. Its leaves are attached to the stalk by petioles (many other ''Nicotiana'' spec ...
)'', Hispanicized names ''Inca Camacho, Incacamachi'') is a mountain in the
Andes
The Andes ( ), Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range (; ) are the List of longest mountain chains on Earth, longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range ...
of
Bolivia
Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...
. It is located in the
Oruro Department
Oruro (; Quechua: ''Uru Uru''; Aymara: ''Ururu'') is a department of Bolivia, with an area of . Its capital is the city of Oruro. According to the 2012 census, the Oruro department had a population of 494,178.
Provinces of Oruro
The depar ...
, Litoral Province, Huachacalla Municipality. Inka Qhamachu lies southeast of Pacha Qullu, southeast of the village of
Huachacalla
Huachacalla is a small town in the Litoral Province of the Oruro Department in Bolivia
Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, ...
(Wachaqalla).
Inka Qhamachu is part of the
Altiplano
The Altiplano (Spanish language, Spanish for "high plain"), Collao (Quechuan languages, Quechua and Aymara language, Aymara: Qullaw, meaning "place of the Qulla people, Qulla") or Andean Plateau, in west-central South America, is the most extens ...
, an area of the Andes lying at altitudes of . The Altiplano has been affected by volcanic activity. Most of it including Inka Qhamachu is extinct, but in the Western Cordillera volcanic activity persists at Cerro Quemado,
Guallatiri
Guallatiri is a volcano in Chile with an elevation of . It is located southwest of the Nevados de Quimsachata volcanic group; some sources classify Guallatiri as a member. Guallatiri is a stratovolcano with numerous fumaroles around the summi ...
,
Parinacota Parinacota (in Hispanicized spelling), Parina Quta or Parinaquta ( Aymara, ''parina'' flamingo, ''quta'' lake, "flamingo lake", other Hispanicized spellings ''Parinaccota, Parinajota'') may refer to:
Lakes
* Parinaquta (Carabaya), in Peru, Puno ...
Tata Sabaya
Tata Sabaya is a high volcano in Bolivia. It is part of the Central Volcanic Zone, one of several volcanic belts in the Andes which are separated by gaps without volcanic activity. This section of the Andes was volcanically active since the J ...
.
Inka Qhamachu is a
Pliocene
The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch (geology), epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.33 to 2.58 which rises from an altitude of . Its slopes range 11–16°, formed by
lava flow
Lava is molten or partially molten rock (magma) that has been expelled from the interior of a terrestrial planet (such as Earth) or a Natural satellite, moon onto its surface. Lava may be erupted at a volcano or through a Fissure vent, fractu ...
s and
pyroclastic
Pyroclast, Pyroclastic or Pyroclastics may refer to:
Geology
* Pyroclast, or airborne volcanic tephra fragments
* Pyroclastic rock, rock fragments produced and ejected by explosive volcanic eruptions
* Pyroclastic cone, landform of ejecta fro ...
material. Erosion has carved radial gullies into its flanks, at whose ends alluvial fans have formed. Based on the degree of erosion, an age of 7.5 million years has been estimated. The volume of the edifice once was about .
Temperatures in the closely located city of
Oruro
Oruro (Hispanicized spelling) or Uru Uru is a city in Bolivia with a population of 264,683 (2012 calculation), about halfway between La Paz and Sucre in the Altiplano, approximately above sea level.
It is Bolivia's fifth-largest city by populat ...
range , and precipitation is . The area is very windy. This climate has led to a
xerophytic
A xerophyte () is a species of plant that has adaptations to survive in an environment with little liquid water. Examples of xerophytes include cactus, cacti, pineapple and some gymnosperm plants. The morphology (biology), morphology and physiology ...
vegetation, including
shrub
A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple ...
s and
tussock grass
Tussock grasses or bunch grasses are a group of grass species in the family Poaceae. They usually grow as singular plants in clumps, tufts, hummocks, or bunches, rather than forming a sod or lawn, in meadows, grasslands, and prairies. As perennia ...