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In-glaze or inglaze is a method of decorating
In-glaze or inglaze is a method of decorating pottery
Pottery is the process and the products of forming vessels and other objects with clay and other raw materials, which are fired at high temperatures to give them a hard and durable form. The place where such wares are made by a ''potter'' is al ...
, where the materials used allow painted decoration to be applied on the surface of the glaze before the glost firing
Ceramic glaze, or simply glaze, is a glassy coating on ceramics. It is used for decoration, to ensure the item is impermeable to liquids and to minimize the adherence of pollutants.
Glazing renders earthenware impermeable to water, sealing th ...
so that it fuses into the glaze in the course of firing.
It contrasts with the other main methods of adding painted colours to pottery. These are underglaze
Underglaze is a method of decorating pottery in which painted decoration is applied to the surface before it is covered with a transparent ceramic glaze and fired in a kiln. Because the glaze subsequently covers it, such decoration is completely ...
painting, where the paint is applied before the glaze, which then seals it, and overglaze decoration
Overglaze decoration, overglaze enamelling, or on-glaze decoration, is a method of decorating pottery, most often porcelain, where the coloured decoration is applied on top of the already fired and Ceramic glaze, glazed surface, and then fixed in ...
where the painting is done in enamels after the glazed vessel has been fired, before a second lighter firing to fuse it to the glaze. There is also the use of coloured glazes, which often carry painted designs.
As with underglaze, in-glaze requires pigments
A pigment is a powder used to add or alter color or change visual appearance. Pigments are completely or nearly solubility, insoluble and reactivity (chemistry), chemically unreactive in water or another medium; in contrast, dyes are colored sub ...
that can withstand the high temperatures of the main firing without discolouring. Historically this was a small group. Inglaze works well with tin-glazed
Tin-glazing is the process of giving tin-glazed pottery items a ceramic glaze that is white, glossy and opaque, which is normally applied to red or buff earthenware. Tin-glaze is plain Lead-glazed earthenware, lead glaze with a small amount of Tin( ...
pottery, as unlike lead glaze the glaze does not become runny in the course of firing.
Faience
The very wide range of types of Europeantin-glazed earthenware
Tin-glazed pottery is earthenware covered in lead glaze with added tin oxide which is white, shiny and opaque (see tin-glazing for the chemistry); usually this provides a background for brightly painted decoration. It has been important in ...
or "faience
Faience or faïence (; ) is the general English language term for fine tin-glazed pottery. The invention of a white Ceramic glaze, pottery glaze suitable for painted decoration, by the addition of an stannous oxide, oxide of tin to the Slip (c ...
" all began using in-glaze or underglaze painting, with overglaze enamels only developing in the 18th century. In French faience, the in-glaze technique is known as ''grand feu'' ("big fire") and the one using enamels as ''petit feu'' ("little fire").Lane, 1 Most styles in this group, such as Delftware
Delftware or Delft pottery, also known as Delft Blue () or as delf,
is a general term now used for Dutch tin-glazed earthenware, a form of faience. Most of it is blue and white pottery, and the city of Delft in the Netherlands was the major cen ...
, mostly used blue and white pottery
"Blue and white pottery" () covers a wide range of white pottery and porcelain decorated under the glaze with a blue pigment, generally cobalt oxide. The decoration was commonly applied by hand, originally by brush painting, but nowadays by ste ...
decoration, but Italian maiolica
Maiolica is tin-glazed pottery decorated in colours on a white background. The most renowned Italian maiolica is from the Renaissance period. These works were known as ''istoriato'' wares ("painted with stories") when depicting historical and ...
was fully polychrome
Polychrome is the "practice of decorating architectural elements, sculpture, etc., in a variety of colors." The term is used to refer to certain styles of architecture, pottery, or sculpture in multiple colors.
When looking at artworks and ...
, using the range of in- and underglaze colours available.
References
References
*Lane, Arthur, ''French Faïence'', 1948, Faber & Faber *Savage, George, and Newman, Harold, ''An Illustrated Dictionary of Ceramics'', 1985, Thames & Hudson, {{DEFAULTSORT:In-Glaze Decoration Ceramic glazes Types of pottery decoration