Indura ( Belarusian: Індура;

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

; Индура; yi, אמדור, Amdur) is a village in the

Grodno District Grodno District or Hrodna District ( be, Гродзенскі раён; russian: Гродненский район) is a district (raion) of Grodno Region of Belarus. The administrative center is Grodno, which, however, does not form part of the d ...

of the

Grodno Region Grodno Region ( pl, Grodzieńszczyzna) or Grodno Oblast or Hrodna Voblasts ( be, Гродзенская вобласць, ''Hrodzienskaja vobłasć'', , ''Haradzienščyna''; russian: Гродненская область, ''Grodnenskaya oblast' ...

of Belarus. The town's name in Yiddish is Amdur, which lends its name to the Amdur Hasidic dynasty founded by

Chaim Chaykl of Amdur Chaim Chaykl (Chaika) Levin of Amdur (Hebrew: חיים חייקל (חייקא) לוין מאמדור; - March 13, 1787), also known as the Amdurer Rebbe, was an 18th-century Hasidic rebbe and author who is amongst the earliest founders of Lithuan ...

History

The first mention of Indura appears in the 16th century, when the settlement was under the rule of Jan Dovojnovich, who, in 1522, built a wooden church of the Holy Trinity in Indura. Between the 16th and 17th century, Indura was under the rule of Radziwill family,

Pac family The House of Pac or Pacowie ( pl, Pacowie, lt, Pacai, be, Па́цы) was one of the most influential noble families in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the era of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Numerous high-ranking officials of ...

, and

Kiszka family Kiszka (plural Kiszkowie) was a noble family (szlachta) and one of the most powerful families (magnates) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Originating from Mazovia, the family used the Dąbrowa Coat of Arms. ...

, later being owned by the Oginski family and Massalski family in the 18th century. Following the

third partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth The Third Partition of Poland (1795) was the last in a series of the Partitions of Poland–Lithuania and the land of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth among Prussia, the Habsburg monarchy, and the Russian Empire which effectively ended Polis ...

in 1795, Indura became a part of the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the List of Russian monarchs, Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended th ...

in the Grodno district and was under the rule of the Brzhostovsky family. In 1815, a stone church was built in the town and in 1881 the Orthodox church of St

Alexander Nevsky Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky (russian: Александр Ярославич Невский; ; 13 May 1221 – 14 November 1263) served as Prince of Novgorod (1236–40, 1241–56 and 1258–1259), Grand Prince of Kiev (1236–52) and Grand ...

was built, which still stands to this day. In 1885, a synagogue was built which also stands to this day. According to the

Riga Peace Treaty The Peace of Riga, also known as the Treaty of Riga ( pl, Traktat Ryski), was signed in Riga on 18 March 1921, among Poland, Soviet Russia (acting also on behalf of Soviet Belarus) and Soviet Ukraine. The treaty ended the Polish–Soviet War. ...

of 1921, Indura fell into the interwar Polish Republic. On 17 September 1939, after the

Soviet invasion of Poland The Soviet invasion of Poland was a military operation by the Soviet Union without a formal declaration of war. On 17 September 1939, the Soviet Union invaded Poland from the east, 16 days after Nazi Germany invaded Poland from the west. Subs ...

, Indura became part of the

USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...

, since 1940 it has been the center of the village council. During the Second World War from June 1941 to 21 July 1944 it was under German occupation. The Jews of the village (about 2000 people) were herded into the ghetto, and in 1942 they were sent to death camps.

Attractions

* Church of the Holy Trinity, 1815. * Orthodox Church of Saint Alexander Nevsky, 1881. * Amdur Synagogue, 1885. * Noble estate, 19th century, the manor house and farm buildings have been preserved. * Jewish cemetery.

References

{{Authority control Populated places in Grodno Region