Indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAL) belongs to the class of
organic compound
Some chemical authorities define an organic compound as a chemical compound that contains a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon. For example, carbon-co ...
s known as
indole
Indole is an organic compound with the formula . Indole is classified as an aromatic heterocycle. It has a bicyclic structure, consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered pyrrole ring. Indoles are derivatives of indole ...
s. These are compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of
pyrrole
Pyrrole is a heterocyclic, aromatic, organic compound, a five-membered ring with the formula . It is a colorless volatile liquid that darkens readily upon exposure to air. Substituted derivatives are also called pyrroles, e.g., ''N''-methylpyrrol ...
ring fused to
benzene
Benzene is an Organic compound, organic chemical compound with the Chemical formula#Molecular formula, molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar hexagonal Ring (chemistry), ring with one hyd ...
to form
2,3-benzopyrrole. It is a
metabolite
In biochemistry, a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism.
The term is usually used for small molecules. Metabolites have various functions, including fuel, structure, signaling, stimulatory and inhibitory effects on enzymes, c ...
of
tryptamine
Tryptamine is an indolamine metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan. The chemical structure is defined by an indole—a fused benzene and pyrrole ring, and a 2-aminoethyl group at the second carbon (third aromatic atom, with the firs ...
formed by
monoamine oxidase
Monoamine oxidases (MAO) () are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of monoamines, employing oxygen to clip off their amine group. They are found bound to the outer membrane of mitochondria in most cell types of the body. The fi ...
(MAO).
Indole-3-acetaldehyde is a substrate for retina-specific
copper amine oxidase,
aldehyde dehydrogenase X (
mitochondria
A mitochondrion () is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi. Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is us ...
l),
amine oxidase B, amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase,
aldehyde dehydrogenase
Aldehyde dehydrogenases () are a group of enzymes that catalyse the oxidation of aldehydes. They convert aldehydes (R–C(=O)) to carboxylic acids (R–C(=O)). The oxygen comes from a water molecule. To date, nineteen ALDH genes have ...
(mitochondrial),
fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase,
4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase,
aldehyde dehydrogenase (dimeric NADP-preferring),
aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1, amine oxidase A,
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 and membrane copper amine oxidase.
See also
*
5-Hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde (5-HIAL)
References
External links
Indoleacetaldehyde (HMDB01190)
{{Neurotransmitter metabolism intermediates
Aldehydes
Auxins
Indoles
Phenolic human metabolites