The Central Legislative Assembly was the lower house of the

Imperial Legislative Council The Imperial Legislative Council (ILC) was the legislature of the British Raj from 1861 to 1947. It was established under the Charter Act of 1853 by providing for the addition of 6 additional members to the Governor General Council for legislativ ...

, the

legislature A legislature is an deliberative assembly, assembly with the authority to make laws for a Polity, political entity such as a Sovereign state, country or city. They are often contrasted with the Executive (government), executive and Judiciary, ...

British India The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one ...

. It was created by the

Government of India Act 1919 The Government of India Act 1919 (9 & 10 Geo. 5 c. 101) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was passed to expand participation of Indians in the government of India. The Act embodied the reforms recommended in the report of ...

, implementing the

Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms The Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms or more briefly known as the Mont–Ford Reforms, were introduced by the colonial government to introduce self-governing institutions gradually in British India. The reforms take their name from Edwin Montagu, th ...

. It was also sometimes called the Indian Legislative Assembly and the Imperial Legislative Assembly. The

Council of State A Council of State is a governmental body in a country, or a subdivision of a country, with a function that varies by jurisdiction. It may be the formal name for the cabinet or it may refer to a non-executive advisory body associated with a head o ...

was the upper house of the legislature for India. As a result of Indian independence, the Legislative Assembly was dissolved on 14 August 1947 and its place taken by the

Constituent Assembly of India The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to frame the Constitution of India. It was elected by the 'Provincial Assembly'. Following India's independence from the British rule in 1947, its members served as the nation's first Parliament as ...

and the

Constituent Assembly of Pakistan The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan ( bn, পাকিস্তান গণপরিষদ, Pākistān Goṇoporishod; ur, , Aāin Sāz Asimblī) was established in August 1947 to frame a constitution for Pakistan. It also served as its first ...

Composition

The new Assembly was the lower house of a

bicameral Bicameralism is a type of legislature, one divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single gro ...

parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: representing the electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. ...

, with a new

as the upper house, reviewing legislation passed by the Assembly. However, both its powers and its electorate were limited. The Assembly had 145 members who were either nominated or indirectly elected from the provinces. The Legislative Assembly had no members from the

princely states A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign entity of the British Indian Empire that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule, subject to ...

, as they were not part of British India. On 23 December 1919, when King-Emperor George V gave royal assent to the Government of India Act 1919, he also made a proclamation which created the

Chamber of Princes The Chamber of Princes (''Narendra Mandal'') was an institution established in 1920 by a royal proclamation of King-Emperor George V to provide a forum in which the rulers of the princely states of India could voice their needs and aspirations ...

, to provide a forum for the states to use to debate national questions and make their collective views known to the Government of India.

Nominated members

The nominated members were officials or non-officials and nominated by the Government of India and the provinces.

Officials

There were a total of 26 nominated officials out of which 14 were nominated by the Government of India from the

Viceroy's Executive Council The Viceroy's Executive Council was the cabinet of the government of British India headed by the Viceroy of India. It is also known as the Council of the Governor-General of India. It was transformed from an advisory council into a cabinet consisti ...

and from the Secretariat. The other 12 came from the provinces. Madras, Bombay and Bengal nominated two officials while United Provinces, Punjab, Bihar & Orissa, Central Provinces, Assam and Burma nominated one each.

Non-officials

There were a total of 15 nominated non-officials out of which 5 were nominated by the Government of India representing five special interests namely

Associated Chambers of Commerce The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India () is a Non-governmental organization, non-governmental trade association and advocacy group based in New Delhi, India. The organisation represents the interests of trade and commerce in ...

Indian Christians Christianity is India's third-largest religion with about 27.8 million adherents, making up 2.3 percent of the population as of the 2011 census. The written records of the Saint Thomas Christians state that Christianity was introduced to th ...

, Labour interests,

Anglo-Indian Anglo-Indian people fall into two different groups: those with mixed Indian and British ancestry, and people of British descent born or residing in India. The latter sense is now mainly historical, but confusions can arise. The ''Oxford English ...

s and the Depressed Classes. The other 10 non-officials were nominated from the provinces namely two from Bengal, United Provinces and Punjab and one each from Bombay, Bihar & Orissa, Berar and the North West Frontier Province.

Elected members

Initially, of its 142 members, 101 were elected and 41 were nominated. Of the 101 elected members, 52 came from general constituencies, 29 were elected by Muslims, 2 by

Sikh Sikhs ( or ; pa, ਸਿੱਖ, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism (Sikhi), a monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak. The term ' ...

s, 7 by Europeans, 7 by landlords, and 4 by business men. Later, one seat each was added for Delhi,

Ajmer-Merwara Ajmer-Merwara, also known as Ajmir Province and as Ajmer-Merwara-Kekri, was a former province of British India in the historical Ajmer region. The territory was ceded to the British by Daulat Rao Sindhia by a treaty on 25 June 1818. It was u ...

and the North West Frontier Province. The constituencies were divided as follows: The

Government of India Act 1935 The Government of India Act, 1935 was an Act adapted from the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It originally received royal assent in August 1935. It was the longest Act of (British) Parliament ever enacted until the Greater London Authority ...

introduced further reforms. The Assembly continued as the lower chamber of a central Indian parliament based in

Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders wi ...

, with two chambers, both containing elected and appointed members. The Assembly increased in size to 250 seats for members elected by the constituencies of

, plus a further 125 seats for the Indian

Princely state A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign entity of the British Indian Empire that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule, subject to ...

s. However, elections for the reformed legislature never took place.

Inauguration

The Central Legislative Assembly met in the Council Hall and later to the Viceregal Lodge in Old Delhi both of which are now located in Delhi University. A new "Council House" was conceived in 1919 as the seat of the future Legislative Assembly, the Council of State, and the

. The foundation stone was laid on 12 February 1921 and the building was opened on 18 January 1927 by Lord Irwin, the Viceroy and Governor-General. The Council House later changed its name to Parliament House, or '' Sansad Bhavan'', and is the present-day home of the

Parliament of India The Parliament of India (International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration, IAST: ) is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India. It is a bicameralism, bicameral legislature composed of the president of India and two houses: the R ...

. The Assembly, the Council of State, and the Chamber of Princes were officially opened in 1921 by King George V's uncle, the

Duke of Connaught and Strathearn Duke of Connaught and Strathearn was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom that was granted on 24 May 1874 by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to her third son, Prince Arthur. At the same time, he was also ...

Elections

The first elections to the new legislatures took place in November 1920 and proved to be the first significant contest between the Moderates and the

Non-cooperation movement The Non-cooperation movement was a political campaign launched on 4 September 1920, by Mahatma Gandhi to have Indians revoke their cooperation from the British government, with the aim of persuading them to grant self-governance.Indian National Congress The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party but often simply the Congress, is a political party in India with widespread roots. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British ...

formed the

Swaraj Party The Swaraj Party, established as the ''Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party'', was a political party formed in India on 1 January 1923 after the Gaya annual conference in December 1922 of the National Congress, that sought greater self-government and ...

and contested the elections in 1923 and 1926. The

led by

Motilal Nehru Motilal Nehru (6 May 1861 – 6 February 1931) was an Indian lawyer, activist and politician belonging to the Indian National Congress. He also served as the Congress President twice, 1919–1920 and 1928–1929. He was a patriarch of the Neh ...

as the

leader of the Opposition The Leader of the Opposition is a title traditionally held by the leader of the largest political party not in government, typical in countries utilizing the parliamentary system form of government. The leader of the opposition is typically se ...

was able to secure the defeat, or at least the delay, of finance bills and other legislation. However, after 1926, the members of the Swaraj Party either joined the government or returned to the Congress which continued its

boycott A boycott is an act of nonviolent, voluntary abstention from a product, person, organization, or country as an expression of protest. It is usually for moral, social, political, or environmental reasons. The purpose of a boycott is to inflict s ...

of the legislature during the Civil Disobedience Movement. In 1934, the

Congress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of ...

ended its boycott of the legislatures and contested the elections to the fifth Central Legislative Assembly held that year. The last elections to the assembly were held in 1945. The electorate of the Assembly was never more than a very small fraction of the population of India. In the British House of Commons on 10 November 1942, the Labour MP Seymour Cocks asked the Secretary of State for India

Leo Amery Leopold Charles Maurice Stennett Amery, (22 November 1873 – 16 September 1955), also known as L. S. Amery, was a British Conservative Party (UK), Conservative Party politician and journalist. During his career, he was known for his interest ...

"What is the electorate for the present Central Legislative Assembly?" and received the written answer "The total electorate for the last General Election (1934) for the Central Legislative Assembly was 1,415,892."

Important events

*In March 1926,

demanded a representative conference to draft a constitution conferring full

Dominion The term ''Dominion'' is used to refer to one of several self-governing nations of the British Empire. "Dominion status" was first accorded to Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Newfoundland, South Africa, and the Irish Free State at the 1926 ...

status on India, to be enacted by the parliament. When this demand was rejected by the Assembly, Nehru and his colleagues walked out of the house.Jawharlal Nehru, ''Jawharlal Nehru: an autobiography, with musings on recent events in India'' (1936) *On 8 April 1929, the Indian revolutionaries

Bhagat Singh Bhagat Singh (27 September 1907 – 23 March 1931) was a charismatic Indian revolutionary* * who participated in the mistaken murder of a junior British police officer * * in what was to be retaliation for the death of an Indian nationa ...

and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb into the corridors of the Assembly in order to show their discontent and frustration against the British government's decision to enact the Trade Disputes Bill and the Public Safety Bill. The bomb explosion was followed by a shower of leaflets citing their reasons and ideology behind the act and few gunshots in the air, shouting "''Inquilab Zindabad!''" ("Long Live the Revolution!"). A few members were injured such as

George Ernest Schuster Sir George Ernest Schuster (25 April 1881 – 5 June 1982) was a British barrister, financier, colonial administrator and Liberal politician. Biography He was the son of Ernest Schuster, a King's Counsel, and was educated at Charterhouse School ...

(the finance member of the

), Sir Bomanji A. Dalal,

P. Raghavendra Rau Sir Panambur Raghavendra Rau, IAAS (24 May 1889 – 23 January 1942) was an Indian civil servant. He was born in Panambur in 1889. He studied at Kundapur High School where he won the M.R.R.Y. Medal for standing first in the Presidency Matricul ...

, Shankar Rao and S. N. Roy. The revolutionaries surrendered themselves and the weapon without any resistance as per plan instead of escaping. On 12 June 1929 they were sentenced to

Penal transportation Penal transportation or transportation was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their d ...

for the bombing, having defended the case themselves. *Due to the return of the Congress in 1934 as the main opposition, there was a sharp increase in the number of government defeats in the Assembly. In a British House of Commons debate on 4 April 1935, the

Secretary of State for India His (or Her) Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for India, known for short as the India Secretary or the Indian Secretary, was the British Cabinet minister and the political head of the India Office responsible for the governance of ...

, Samuel Hoare, stated that "The number of divisions in the Legislative Assembly since the recent elections and up to the 25th March in which Government have been successful is five. The number of adverse divisions in the same period is seventeen."

Henry Page Croft Henry Page Croft, 1st Baron Croft (22 June 1881 – 7 December 1947) was a decorated British soldier and Conservative Party politician. Early life and family He was born at Fanhams Hall in Ware, Hertfordshire, England. He was the son of ...

then asked "Can the right hon. Gentleman say whether the Government would have been successful on any occasion without the support of the nominated members?" Hoare replied "I could not answer that question without looking into the figures, but in any case I see no reason to differentiate between one class of member and another." *In 1936 during the Arab revolt in Palestine, Indian troops were sent there. In the Assembly, the Viceroy, Lord Linlithgow, disallowed all questions and resolutions which asked him to express the concern of Indian Muslims about the position of Arabs in Palestine. *On 27 February 1942, during the Second World War, the Assembly held a secret session to discuss the war situation.

Presidents of the Assembly

The presiding officer (or speaker) of the Assembly was called the President. While the Government of India Act 1919 provided for the President to be elected, it made an exception in the case of the first President, who was to be appointed by the Government. The Governor-General appointed

Frederick Whyte Sir Alexander Frederick Whyte (30 September 1883 – 30 July 1970) was a British civil servant, Liberal Party politician, writer, and journalist. From 1920 to 1925 he served as the first President of the new Central Legislative Assembly of Bri ...

, a former Liberal member of the British House of Commons who had been a

parliamentary private secretary A Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS) is a Member of Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom who acts as an unpaid assistant to a minister or shadow minister. They are selected from backbench MPs as the 'eyes and ears' of the minister in the H ...

to Winston Churchill.Ajita Ranjan Mukherjea, ''Parliamentary Procedure in India'' (Oxford, 1983), p. 43Philip Laundy, ''The Office of Speaker in the Parliaments of the Commonwealth'' (Quiller, 1984), p. 175 Sachchidananda Sinha was the Deputy President of Assembly in 1921. Ganesh Vasudev Mavlankar was the last President of the Assembly till the Assembly came to an end on 14 August 1947. He became the first Speaker of the

, and in 1952 the first Speaker of the ''

Lok Sabha The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-pas ...

'', the lower house of the

.Subhash C. Kashyap, ''Dada Saheb Mavalankar, Father of Lok Sabha'' (Published for the Lok Sabha Secretariat by the National Publishing House, 1989), pp. 9–11)

Notable members

*Labour Interests: N. M. Joshi *Depressed Classes:

M. C. Rajah Mylai Chinna Thambi Pillai Rajah (17 June 1883 – 23 August 1943) was an Indian politician, educationist, social and political activist from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Rajah was born to a Tamil family of Madras. He entered politics after ...

N. Sivaraj Rao Bahadur Namasivayam Sivaraj (29 September 1892 – 29 September 1964) was an Indian lawyer, politician and Scheduled Caste activist from the state of Tamil Nadu. Early life and education Sivaraj was born into a Paraiyer family to Namsiv ...

*Bihar & Orissa:

Madhusudan Das Madhusudan Das (28 April 1848 – 4 February 1934) was an Indian lawyer and social reformer, who founded Utkal Sammilani in 1903 to campaign for the unification of Odisha along with its social and industrial development. He was one of the mai ...

, Sachchidananda Sinha, Nilakantha Das, Anugrah Narayan Sinha *Bengal: Khwaja Habibullah,

Kshitish Chandra Neogy Kshitish Chandra Neogy (1888–1970), also known as KC Neogy, was an Indian politician from West Bengal. He was a member of the Constituent Assembly of India, member of the first Cabinet of independent India and the chairman of the first Finance C ...

, Gurusaday Dutt, Satyendra Chandra Mitra,

Abdullah Al-Mamun Suhrawardy Sir Abdullah al-Mamun Suhrawardy (31 May 1877 – 13 January 1935) was a Bengali Islamic scholar, barrister, and academic. He was the Tagore Law Lecturer in 1911 and involved in notable educational work. Abdullah was the first Indian to attai ...

, Amarendra Chatterjee, Renuka Ray. *Bombay: Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy, Seth Harchandrai Vishandas,

Vithalbhai Patel Vithalbhai Patel (27 September 1873 – 22 October 1933) was an Indian legislator and political leader, co-founder of the Swaraj Party and elder brother of Sardar Patel. Early life Born in Nadiad, in the Indian state of Gujarat, Vithalbhai ...

, N. C. Kelkar,

Muhammad Ali Jinnah Muhammad Ali Jinnah (, ; born Mahomedali Jinnahbhai; 25 December 1876 – 11 September 1948) was a barrister, politician, and the founder of Pakistan. Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until the ...

, Kasturbhai Lalbhai, M. R. Jayakar,

Wahid Baksh Bhutto Wahid Baksh Bhutto (1898 – 25 December 1931) was a landowner of Sindh, and an elected representative to the Central Legislative Assembly The Central Legislative Assembly was the lower house of the Imperial Legislative Council, the legis ...

, Sir Jehangir Cowasji, Bhulabhai Desai,

Abdullah Haroon ) , birth_date = , birth_place = Karachi, British India , death_date = , death_place = Karachi, British India , death_cause = , resting_place = , resting_place_coordinates = , nationality = Indian , other_names = , known_for = Politics ( ...

Homi Mody Sir Hormasji Pherozeshah Mody KBE (23 September 1881 – 9 March 1969), generally known as Sir Homi Mody was a noted Parsi businessman associated with Tata Group and an administrator of India. He started his career as a lawyer at Bombay and in 19 ...

Keshavrao Jedhe Keshavrao Marutrao Jedhe (Deshmukh) (25 April 1896 – 12 November 1959) was an Indian independence activist and politician from Pune. He served as a leading figure in the Indian National Congress, and in the Samyukta Maharashtra movement durin ...

Narhar Vishnu Gadgil Narhar Vishnu Gadgil (10 January 1896 – 12 January 1966) was an Indian freedom fighter and politician from Maharashtra, India. He was also a writer. He wrote in both Marathi and English. His son Vitthalrao Gadgil represented Congress later ...

, Narasimha Chintaman Kelkar *Central Provinces & Berar:

Hari Singh Gour Sir Hari Singh Gour (26 November 1870 – 25 December 1949) was a distinguished lawyer, jurist, educationist, social reformer, poet, and novelist. Gour was the First Vice-Chancellor of the University of Delhi and Nagpur University, foun ...

Seth Govind Das Seth Govind Das (16 October 1896 – 18 June 1974) was an Indian independence activist and parliamentarian. He belonged to the Maheshwari merchant family of Raja Gokuldas of Jabalpur. The family began as the banking firm of Sevaram Khushalc ...

B. S. Moonje Balakrishna Shivram Moonje (B.S.Moonje, also B.S. Munje, 12 December 1872 – 3 March 1948) was a leader of the Hindu Mahasabha in India. Career Moonje was born into a Deshastha Rigvedi Brahmin (DRB) family in 1872 at Bilaspur in Centr ...

M. S. Aney Dr. Madhav Shrihari Aney (29 August, 1880 – 26 January, 1968);Sen S.N. (1997). ''History of the Freedom Movement in India (1857–1947)'' New Delhi: New Age. p. 354. popularly referred to as Loknayak Bapuji Aney or Bapuji Aney, was an ardent ...

, Narayan Bhaskar Khare, Barrister Ramrao Deshmukh, Rao Bahadur Dinkarrao Rajurkar *Delhi: Asaf Ali *Madras:

T. V. Seshagiri Iyer Tiruchendurai Vaidyanatha Seshagiri Iyer (1860–1926) was an Indian lawyer and politician who served as a judge of the Madras High Court and represented the University of Madras in the Madras Legislative Council. Seshagiri Iyer was born in 18 ...

, P. S. Kumaraswamy Raja,

P. S. Sivaswami Iyer Sir Pazhamaneri Sundaram Sivaswami Iyer (7 February 1864 – 5 November 1946) was a prominent lawyer, administrator and statesman who served as the Advocate General of Madras from 1907 to 1911. Sivaswami Iyer was born on 7 February 1864 ...

Muhammad Habibullah Khan Bahadur Sir Muhammad Habibullah KCSI KCIE (22 September 1869 – 16 May 1948) was an Indian politician and administrator who served as the Dewan of Travancore from 1934 to 1936. Personal life Habibullah was born in Madras (now Che ...

, T. Rangachari, R. K. Shanmukham Chetty, A. Rangaswami Iyengar, M. Ct. M. Chidambaram Chettyar, S. Srinivasa Iyengar, Tanguturi Prakasam,

Madabhushi Ananthasayanam Ayyangar Madabhushi Ananthasayanam Ayyangar (4 February 1891 – 19 March 1978) was the first Deputy Speaker and then Speaker of the Lok Sabha in the Indian Parliament. He also served as the 5th Governor of Bihar. He was born in Thiruchanoor, Tirupa ...

, V. V. Giri,

Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar Sir Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar (14 October 1887 – 17 July 1976) was an Indian lawyer, diplomat, and statesman who was the first president of the United Nations Economic and Social Council and the 24th and last Diwan of Mysore. He also served as ...

, S. Satyamurti, N. G. Ranga, Kasinathuni Nageswara Rao, Addepally Satyanarayana Murthy,

T. S. Avinashilingam Chettiar Tiruppur Subrahmanya Avinashilingam Chettiar (5 May 1903 – 21 November 1991) was an Indian lawyer, politician, freedom-fighter and Gandhian. He served as the Education Minister of Madras Presidency from 1946 to 1949 and was responsible fo ...

C. N. Muthuranga Mudaliar C. N. Muthuranga Mudaliar (c. 1888 - d. 2 February 1949) was an Indian politician and Indian independence activist who served as a member of the Central Legislative Assembly He was elected President of the Tamil Nadu Congress on 16 January 193 ...

, T. S. S. Rajan,

Sami Venkatachalam Chetty Sami Venkatachalam Chetty (died 17 November 1958) was an Indian politician, businessman and Indian independence activist who served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council and Imperial Legislative Council of India, as well as President of ...

Ramakrishna Ranga Rao of Bobbili Raja Sri Ravu Svetachalapati Sir Ramakrishna Ranga Rao KCIE (20 February 1901 – 10 March 1978) was an Indian politician and ''zamindar'' who served as the Chief Minister of Madras Presidency from 5 November 1932 to 4 April 1936 and 24 ...

Kasturiranga Santhanam Kasturiranga Santhanam (1895 – 28 February 1980), also known as Kumitithadal Santhanam, was an Indian politician. He was a conservative Iyengar from Tamil Nadu. Early life Santhanam obtained a Master of Arts degree in mathematics from the ...

*NWFP:

Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum Nawab Khan Bahadur Sahibzada Sir Abdul Qayyum Khan KCIE (12 December 1863 – 4 December 1937), hailing from Topi, Swabi District, British India (modern day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan) was an educationist and politician. Qayyum Khan helped ...

, Khan Abdul Jabbar Khan *Punjab:

Lala Lajpat Rai Lala Lajpat Rai (28 January 1865 - 17 November 1928) was an Indian author, freedom fighter, and politician. He played a vital role in the Indian Independence movement. He was popularly known as Punjab Kesari. He was one of the three members of ...

, Mian Sir Muhammad Shah Nawaz,

Bhai Parmanand Bhai Parmanand (4 November 1876 – 8 December 1947) was an Indian nationalist and a prominent leader of the Hindu Mahasabha. Early life Parmanand was born into a prominent family of the Punjab, Mohyal Brahmins. His father, Tara Chand Mohyal, c ...

*United Provinces:

Madan Mohan Malaviya Madan Mohan Malaviya ( (25 December 1861 — 12 November 1946) was an Indian scholar, educational reformer and politician notable for his role in the Indian independence movement. He was president of the Indian National Congress four times and ...

C. S. Ranga Iyer C. S. Ranga Iyer (1895–1963) was an Indian journalist, politician, Indian independence activist and social reformer. Personal life C. S. Ranga Iyer was born in the Madras Presidency in 1895. He had his education in Madras Presidency and on c ...

, H. N. Kunzru, Ghanshyam Das Birla, Bhagwan Das,

Govind Ballabh Pant Govind Ballabh Pant (10 September 1887 – 7 March 1961) was an Indian freedom fighter and the first chief minister of Uttar Pradesh. Alongside Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Vallabh Bhai Patel, Pant was a key figure in the movement fo ...

Sri Prakasa Sri Prakasa (3 August 1890 – 23 June 1971) was an Indian politician, freedom-fighter and administrator. He served as India's first High Commissioner to Pakistan from 1947 to 1949, Governor of Assam from 1949 to 1950, Governor of Madras from ...

Muhammad Yamin Khan Sir Muhammad Yamin Khan (; born June 1888) CIE was a barrister-at-law, statesman and politician in the period before the partition of India. Khan served as a parliamentarian and one of the senior most members of the All India Muslim League. ...

, Mohammad Ismail Khan, Ziauddin Ahmad,

Liaquat Ali Khan Liaquat Ali Khan ( ur, ; 1 October 1895 – 16 October 1951), also referred to in Pakistan as ''Quaid-e-Millat'' () or ''Shaheed-e-Millat'' ( ur, lit=Martyr of the Nation, label=none, ), was a Pakistani statesman, lawyer, political theorist ...

Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Rafi Ahmed Kidwai (18 February 1894 – 24 October 1954) was a politician, an Indian independence activist and a socialist. He hailed from Barabanki District of Uttar Pradesh, in north India. Early life Rafi Ahmed was born in the village of ...

Paul R. Brass, ''Kidwai, Rafi Ahmad (1894–1954), politician in India'' in the ''

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography The ''Dictionary of National Biography'' (''DNB'') is a standard work of reference on notable figures from British history, published since 1885. The updated ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (''ODNB'') was published on 23 September ...

'' (2004)

Dissolution

As per the

Indian Independence Act 1947 The Indian Independence Act 1947 947 CHAPTER 30 10 and 11 Geo 6is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that partitioned British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan. The Act received Royal Assent on 18 ...

, the Central Legislative Assembly and the Council of States ceased to exist and the

became the central legislature of India.

References

{{Legislatures of India National lower houses Political history of India History of Pakistan History of Myanmar Imperial Legislative Council of India