The Independents were a group of
modernist painters based in the
New Hope,
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...
, area of the
United States
The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
during the early 1930s. They evolved out of The New Group (founded in 1930), a collection of artists dissatisfied with the hold that "conservative"
Pennsylvania Impressionists had on local exhibitions.
Members of the Independents included Peter Keenan,
Robert Hogue,
R.A.D. Miller, Charles Evans, Henry Baker,
Ralston Crawford, Charles Frederic Ramsey, and
Faye Swengel Badura.
References
The Pennsylvania Impressionists
Modern art
American artist groups and collectives
Cultural history of the United States
Arts organizations based in Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania culture
{{US-arts-org-stub