An ice rise is a clearly defined elevation of the otherwise very much flatter

ice shelf An ice shelf is a large floating platform of ice that forms where a glacier or ice sheet flows down to a coastline and onto the ocean surface. Ice shelves are only found in Antarctica, Greenland, Northern Canada, and the Russian Arctic. Th ...

, typically dome-shaped and rising several hundreds of metres above the surrounding ice shelf . An ice rise forms where the ice shelf touches the

seabed The seabed (also known as the seafloor, sea floor, ocean floor, and ocean bottom) is the bottom of the ocean. All floors of the ocean are known as 'seabeds'. The structure of the seabed of the global ocean is governed by plate tectonics. Most of ...

due to a locally increased elevation of the seabed, which however remains below sea level. (In contrast, an elevation in the seabed that extends above sea level is defined as an

island An island or isle is a piece of subcontinental land completely surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island in a river or a lake island may be ...

). The ice shelf flows over the seabed elevation, completely covering it with ice, thereby forming an ice rise. The resulting stress increases cause crevasse formation around the ice rise. An island within and totally covered by the ice shelf may appear the same as an ice rise. Elaborate measurements may be required to distinguish between these two geographic features. Although ice rises are typically located within the ice shelf area, they can partially face the open sea. At present, ice rises are found only within the ice shelves of

Antarctica Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest co ...

. The largest ice rises exceed dimensions of 50 by 200 km, or 10 000 km² in area. Some ice rises are incorrectly called islands, but also a few totally ice-covered islands within an ice shelf are also called ice rises. Ice rises are of scientific significance because they (a) exert considerable buttressing, which affects the existence and rate of the marine ice sheet instability; and (b) they are very good sites for ice coring, owing to their being somewhat thinner than the main ice-sheet (hundreds of metres compared with thousands of metres). Ice rises, grouped by ice shelf, clockwise starting in

East Antarctica East Antarctica, also called Greater Antarctica, constitutes the majority (two-thirds) of the Antarctic continent, lying on the Indian Ocean side of the continent, separated from West Antarctica by the Transantarctic Mountains. It lies almos ...

: * Brunt Ice Shelf **

McDonald Ice Rumples The McDonald Ice Rumples () constitute an ice rise in the Brunt Ice Shelf bordering the Weddell Sea in Antarctica, covering an area of . Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition reported a glacier in this vicinity in January 1915. ...

* Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf **

Lyddan Island Lyddan Island is an ice-covered island located at the southwestern extremity of the Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf, separating it from the Brunt Ice Shelf, about off the Princess Martha Coast of Antarctica. It is about long and has three narrow arms in ...

* King Baudouin Ice Shelf ** Derwael Ice Rise *

Amery Ice Shelf The Amery Ice Shelf () is a broad ice shelf in Antarctica at the head of Prydz Bay between the Lars Christensen Coast and Ingrid Christensen Coast. It is part of Mac. Robertson Land. The name "Cape Amery" was applied to a coastal angle mapped o ...

** Budd Ice Rumples ** IR1 to IR5 near the ice front *

Shackleton Ice Shelf Shackleton Ice Shelf is an extensive ice shelf fronting the coast of East Antarctica from 95° E to 105° E. It extends for an along-shore distance of about , projecting seaward about in the western portion and in the east. It occu ...

** Green Ice Rises (the northernmost ice rise, at 66°21'S) ** Harrisson Ice Rises *

Ross Ice Shelf The Ross Ice Shelf is the largest ice shelf of Antarctica (, an area of roughly and about across: about the size of France). It is several hundred metres thick. The nearly vertical ice front to the open sea is more than long, and between h ...

** Crary Ice Rise (the southernmost ice rise, at 82°56'S) **

Roosevelt Island Roosevelt Island is an island in New York City's East River, within the borough of Manhattan. It lies between Manhattan Island to the west, and the borough of Queens, on Long Island, to the east. Running from the equivalent of East 46th to 8 ...

* Crosson Ice Shelf ** Davis Ice Rise * Bach Ice Shelf ** Burgess Ice Rise **

Dvořák Ice Rise Dvořák Ice Rise () is an ice rise in extent, rising above the ice of Mendelssohn Inlet in the southwest part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was first mapped, from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, by D. ...

Ives Ice Rise Ives Ice Rise is an ice rise about long at the head of Weber Inlet, an ice-filled inlet situated between Bennett Dome and Berlioz Point on the Beethoven Peninsula, situated in the southwest part of Alexander Island in Antarctica. It was mapped by ...

** Landy Ice Rises * George VI Ice Shelf **

Martin Ice Rise Martin Ice Rise () is an ice rise, long and wide, merged within the George VI Ice Shelf and the George VI Sound, located southwest of Kirwan Inlet, off the east coast of Alexander Island and the west coast of Palmer Land, Antarctica. It was deli ...

Wilkins Ice Shelf Wilkins or Wilkin is a name variant of William, and may refer to: People Given name: Wilkin * Wilkins (singer) (Germán Wilkins Vélez Ramírez, born 1953), Puerto Rican pop music singer and composer * Wilkin Castillo (born 1984), Dominican ...

Petrie Ice Rises Petrie Ice Rises () is a group of ice rises extending in a north-south line, lying merged within the Wilkins Ice Shelf, to the west of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The group was seen from the air on a British Antarctic Survey (BAS) radio echo soun ...

Schaus Ice Rises Schaus Ice Rises () is a group of small ice rises merged within the Wilkins Ice Shelf, aligned east–west just off the north side of Eroica Peninsula, situated off the southwest coast of Alexander Island, Antarctica. Mapped by United States Geolo ...

Vere Ice Rise Vere Ice Rise () is a small ice rise lying merged within the Wilkins Ice Shelf, lying off the west coast of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was roughly mapped from the air by British Antarctic Survey on a radio echo sounding flight on 1 February 1 ...

Wordie Ice Shelf The Wordie Ice Shelf () was a confluent glacier projecting as an ice shelf into the SE part of Marguerite Bay between Cape Berteaux and Mount Edgell, along the western coast of Antarctic Peninsula. In March 2008, the British Antarctic Survey r ...

** Coker Ice Rise ** Linchpin Ice Rise ** Miller Ice Rise ** Napier Ice Rise ** Reynolds Ice Rise ** Wade Ice Rise * Müller Ice Shelf ** Humphreys Ice Rise * Larsen-C Ice Shelf ** Bawden Ice Rise **

Gipps Ice Rise Gipps Ice Rise () is a roughly elliptical ice rise, long and bounded by an ice cliff on all sides, lying at the edge of the Larsen Ice Shelf about northeast of Hearst Island. The feature was discovered by William R. MacDonald of the United States ...

** Tharp Ice Rise * Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf **

Belgrano II Belgrano II Base ( es, Base Belgrano II) is a permanent, all year-round Argentine Antarctic base and scientific research station named after General Manuel Belgrano, one of the Libertadores and the creator of the Argentine Flag. It is located on ...

** Berkner Island ** Bungenstock Ice Rise ** Doake Ice Rumples **

Dott Ice Rise The Barrett Nunataks () are a group of nunataks located on the east side of the Dott Ice Rise overlooking Constellation Inlet, in the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains. They were named by the University of Minnesota Ellsworth Mountains Party, 196 ...

** Fletcher Ice Rise **

Fowler Ice Rise Fowler Ice Rise () is a very large Antarctic ice rise between Evans Ice Stream and Carlson Inlet, in the southwest part of the Ronne Ice Shelf. The feature appears to be completely ice-covered except for the Haag Nunataks, which protrude above the ...

** Hemmen Ice Rise **

Henry Ice Rise Henry Ice Rise is a triangular-shaped ice rise about long located between Korff Ice Rise and the southern portion of Berkner Island in the Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica. It was first visited by the United States International Geophysical Year geophy ...

** Kealey Ice Rise ** Kershaw Ice Rumples **

Korff Ice Rise Korff Ice Rise is an ice rise, long and wide, lying east-northeast of Skytrain Ice Rise in the southwestern part of the Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica. It was discovered by the US–IGY Ellsworth Traverse Party, 1957–58, and named by the party f ...

Skytrain Ice Rise Skytrain Ice Rise () is a large, flattish, peninsula-like ice rise of about 50 miles extent, extending from the vicinity of Meyer Hills in the Heritage Range eastward into the Ronne Ice Shelf of Antarctica. It was mapped by United States Geolog ...

Henry and Korff Ice Rises are the largest ice rises, with areas of roughly 1 500 to 1 600 km².

References

External links

Definition
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ice Rise Rise Antarctica-related lists Ice rise