IVC 2-inch Helical scan was a high-end,

broadcast quality Broadcast quality is a term to denote the quality achieved by professional video cameras and time base correctors (TBC) used for broadcast television, usually in standard definition. As the standards for commercial television broadcasts have chang ...

helical scan

analog recording Analog recording is a category of techniques used for the recording of analog signals. This enables later playback of the recorded analog audio. Analog audio recording began with mechanical systems such as the phonautograph and phonograph. La ...

format developed by the

International Video Corporation {{inline, date=June 2024 International Video Corporation, or IVC, was a California company with large European operations that manufactured a number of models of middle to high-end video tape recorders, or VTRs, for industrial and professional use ...

(IVC) and introduced in 1975. Prior to this, IVC had produced several helical scan

video tape recorder A video tape recorder (VTR) is a tape recorder designed to record and playback video and audio signal, audio material from magnetic tape. The early VTRs were open-reel devices that record on individual reels of 2-inch-wide (5.08 cm) tape. ...

s (VTRs). Seeking to combine the image quality of the

magnetic tape Magnetic tape is a medium for magnetic storage made of a thin, magnetizable coating on a long, narrow strip of plastic film. It was developed in Germany in 1928, based on the earlier magnetic wire recording from Denmark. Devices that use magnetic ...

used with

quadruplex videotape 2-inch quadruplex videotape (also called 2" quad video tape or quadraplex) was the first practical and commercially successful analog recording video tape format. The format uses magnetic tape and was developed and released for the broadcast t ...

systems, with the advantages of

helical scan Helical scan is a method of recording high-frequency signals on magnetic tape, used in open-reel video tape recorders, video cassette recorders, digital audio tape recorders, and some computer tape drives. With this technique, magnetic tape he ...

technology, the company developed the ''IVC-9000'', a VTR for professional and broadcast applications.

Versions

*IVC made the Model 9000 in five versions
ionlamb.us IVC VTR list
**IVC 9000 (

NTSC NTSC (from National Television System Committee) is the first American standard for analog television, published and adopted in 1941. In 1961, it was assigned the designation System M. It is also known as EIA standard 170. In 1953, a second ...

and

PAL Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a color encoding system for analog television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 ...

unit, could record for 2 hours on one 10.5 inch reel) **IVC 9000-4 (4 ips tape speed, Long Play, could record and play back 4 hours on one 10.5 inch reel **IVC 9000-W (8

MHz The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), often described as being equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second. The hertz is an SI derived unit whose formal expression in terms of SI base u ...

record and playback for super bandwidth) **IVC 9000-M (could record and playback video in the 655-line/ 48 field per second (24 frame/s) video standard) **IVC 9000-W-M (An IVC 9000-M with options from the 9000-W added to it, enabling both 8 MHz wideband video recording and 655/48 capability) * The Helical scanner used a tape wrap of 188.57 degrees around a drum of 3.170 inches in diameter, with two play/ record heads. In the NTSC version of the format, it had 5 helical tracks (segments) per field and 6 in the PAL version, each with 57 lines per segment. The VTR was equipped with a color

video monitor A display device is an output device for presentation of information in visual or tactile form (the latter used for example in tactile electronic displays for blind people). When the input information that is supplied has an electrical signa ...

, a

waveform monitor A waveform monitor is a special type of oscilloscope used in television production applications. It is typically used to measure and display the level, or voltage, of a video signal with respect to time. The level of a video signal usually corre ...

scope, and

vectorscope A vectorscope is a special type of oscilloscope used in both audio and video applications. Whereas an oscilloscope or waveform monitor normally displays a plot of signal vs. time, a vectorscope displays an X-Y plot of two signals, which can ...

.Labguysworld.com IVC 9000 page 2
/ref> * *All models had: ** Two

analog audio Analog recording is a category of techniques used for the recording of analog signals. This enables later playback of the recorded analog audio. Analog audio recording began with mechanical systems such as the phonautograph and phonograph. La ...

channels ** One cue track ** One

control track A control track is a track that runs along an outside edge of a standard analog videotape (including VHS). The control track encodes a series of pulses, each pulse corresponding to the beginning of each frame. This allows the video tape player ...

Time code A timecode (alternatively, time code) is a sequence of numeric codes generated at regular intervals by a timing synchronization system. Timecode is used in video production, show control and other applications which require temporal coordinatio ...

track ** Capstan-driven tape speed of 8 inches per second (10.5 inch reels) ** Analog color timebase corrector (TBC) ** Dropout compensation (a system that replaced snowy video spots (dropouts) where the FM signal on the

video tape Videotape is magnetic tape used for storing video and usually sound in addition. Information stored can be in the form of either an analog or digital signal. Videotape is used in both video tape recorders (VTRs) and, more commonly, videocasset ...

is missing momentarily, caused by a defect in the tape) *Other Spec: ** Vacuum tape tension columns ** Vacuum grip capstan ** Weight of 1300 pounds (600 kg) ** Power feed of 230 V at 3000 watts ** One second lock up time, stop to play ** a 1500-hour head warranty (for the 9000-4 models, a 3000-hour warranty) **

Signal-to-noise ratio Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. SNR is defined as the ratio of signal power to noise power, often expressed in deci ...

> 48 dB * The 9000 was one of the first

analog video Video is an Electronics, electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and display of moving picture, moving image, visual Media (communication), media. Video was first developed for mechanical television systems, whi ...

recorders utilized for electronic film production using analog high-resolution wideband video standards (such as the 655/48 standard mentioned previously), predating DI (

digital intermediate Digital intermediate (DI) is a motion picture finishing process which classically involves digitizing a motion picture and manipulating the color and other image characteristics. Definition and overview A digital intermediate often replaces or a ...

) film production systems in use today. The 9000-W-M was, for all intents and purposes, a custom pre-

HDTV High-definition television (HDTV) describes a television or video system which provides a substantially higher image resolution than the previous generation of technologies. The term has been used since at least 1933; in more recent times, it ref ...

video system. The 655 line system was also used for 24 frame playback on TVs and monitors used on movie studio sets. Thus the TVs had no flicker when shot on film, due to the different (and thus compatible to motion picture film's)

frame rate Frame rate, most commonly expressed in frame/s, or FPS, is typically the frequency (rate) at which consecutive images (Film frame, frames) are captured or displayed. This definition applies to film and video cameras, computer animation, and moti ...

. The 9000-W-M was used for some ''JAWS 3D'''s composite

special effects Special effects (often abbreviated as F/X or simply FX) are illusions or visual tricks used in the theatre, film, television, video game, amusement park and simulator industries to simulate the fictional events in a story or virtual world. ...

. The 9000, in its regular 525-line & 60-field-per-second NTSC configuration, was also used for mastering some of the first laserdiscs released by Discovision in 1978 due to the format's high quality. However, Discovision abandoned the format a few years later in favor of 1" Type C videotape, due to service & support for the 9000 machines becoming unavailable after IVC went out of business in the early 80s, and also due to the growing industry support for the newer 1" Type C format. The picture quality was excellent, but unfortunately, the IVC-9000 did not have many sales (only 65 units were sold by IVC). Shortly after it came out, both the 1" Type B and 1" Type C formats of VTR came out. Both used less costly tape, and made just about as good of a picture. *

Ampex Ampex Data Systems Corporation is an American electronics company founded in 1944 by Alexander M. Poniatoff as a spin-off of Dalmo-Victor. The name ''AMPEX'' is an acronym, created by its founder, which stands for Alexander M. Poniatoff Excell ...

in 1961 made a 2 inch helical scan VTR for a short time, the VR-8000. They also produced another 2" helical VTR, the VR-660, in 1963. *

Sony is a Japanese multinational conglomerate (company), conglomerate headquartered at Sony City in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. The Sony Group encompasses various businesses, including Sony Corporation (electronics), Sony Semiconductor Solutions (i ...

also made a 2 inch Helical scan VTR, but it was non-segmented and they sold even fewer of them (in the early 1970s).

IVC 800 series 1 Inch VTR

IVC 800 series 1 Inch VTR was very popular. 800 series are

reel-to-reel Reel-to-reel audio tape recording, also called open-reel recording, is magnetic tape audio recording in which the recording tape is spooled between reels. To prepare for use, the ''supply reel'' (or ''feed reel'') containing the tape is plac ...

helical 'mid band' color portable TVR using 1 inch/25mm tape running at 17.2 cm per second/6.77 inches/second. IVC-825A-1-inch-VTR

References

External links

videopreservation.conservation-us.org The Video Guide, The VTR, Chapter 5, page 68, Charles Bensinger 1981
{{Video storage formats Videotape Audiovisual introductions in 1975 Discontinued media formats Composite video formats

Versions

IVC 800 series 1 Inch VTR

See also

References

External links