Route 110, consisting of State Route 110 (SR 110) and Interstate 110 (I-110), is a state highway, state and auxiliary Interstate Highway in the Los Angeles metropolitan area of the US state of California. The entire route connects San Pedro, Los Angeles, San Pedro and the Port of Los Angeles with Downtown Los Angeles and Pasadena. The southern segment from San Pedro to Interstate 10 in California, I-10 in downtown Los Angeles is signed as I-110, while the northern segment to Pasadena is signed as SR 110. The entire length of I-110, as well as SR 110 south of the Four Level Interchange with U.S. Route 101 in California, US Route 101 (US 101), is the Harbor Freeway, and SR 110 north from US 101 to Pasadena is the historic Arroyo Seco Parkway, the first controlled-access highway, freeway in the western United States.

Route description

Route 110 is defined as follows in the California Codes, California Streets and Highways Code's section 410, subdivision (a):

Route 110 is from California State Route 47, Route 47 in San Pedro, Los Angeles, San Pedro to Glenarm Street in Pasadena, California, Pasadena.

Following its renumbering from Route 11, Route 110 was originally defined as "from San Pedro to Colorado Boulevard in Pasadena." The conventional highway portions of the route were relinquished to the cities of Pasadena and Los Angeles in 2000 and 2009 respectively. Route 110 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and is part of the National Highway System (United States), National Highway System, a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration. File:Entering Interstate 110, Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles, California (6027122768).jpg, Entering Interstate 110 in Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles File:Harborfreeway2.jpg, The Harbor Freeway is often heavily congested at rush hour. File:Harbor Freeway entrance on 6th Street.jpg, Entrance to the Harbor Freeway in Downtown Los Angeles File:I110SBndEnteringTheSlot.jpg, The Harbor Freeway southbound entering "The Slot" after emerging from the "4-level"

Harbor Freeway

The Harbor Freeway, signed as I-110, begins at Gaffey Street in San Pedro, Los Angeles, San Pedro, where it then travels mostly due north to the Santa Monica Freeway (Interstate 10 in California, I-10) at a point south of downtown Los Angeles, where it becomes signed as SR 110. I-110 is primarily within the city limits of Los Angeles, running right along the South Los Angeles region and the Harbor Gateway, a wide north–south corridor that was annexed by the city of Los Angeles specifically to connect San Pedro, Wilmington, Los Angeles, Wilmington, and the Port of Los Angeles with the rest the city. North of I-10, the freeway continues as SR 110 through Downtown Los Angeles to its junction with U.S. Route 101 in California, US 101 at the Four Level Interchange. The Harbor Freeway, along with the Long Beach Freeway (Interstate 710 and State Route 710 (California), I-710), are the principal means for freight from the Port of Los Angeles to railyards and warehouses further inland. Its interchange with the Santa Monica Freeway is notoriously busy and congested, and the portions bordering Bunker Hill, Los Angeles, Bunker Hill in northwest Downtown Los Angeles are choked with traffic at peak travel times. ;Landmarks Notable landmarks and attractions near the Harbor Freeway include the Los Angeles Harbor College, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Watts Towers, Exposition Park (Los Angeles), Exposition Park (including the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, the BMO Stadium and the Lucas Museum of Narrative Art), the University of Southern California, Crypto.com Arena, L.A. Live, Los Angeles Convention Center, the skyline of Downtown Los Angeles; and Chinatown, Los Angeles, Chinatown. The Harbor Freeway is noted for its elaborate high-occupancy toll lane feature, with the HOT lanes elevated above the rest of traffic in many areas, constructed in 1994 by CC Myers, C.C. Myers, Inc. as HOV lanes and converted to HOT lanes in 2012. Of particular note is the Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange, which contains the most elaborate network of direct HOV/HOT connectors in Los Angeles County. It includes a seven-story ramp that connects the Century Freeway's HOV lanes to the Harbor Freeway's northbound HOT lanes and offers splendid views of the entire Los Angeles Basin and the San Gabriel Mountains. The interchange with SR 91 (formally known as the Edmond J. Russ Interchange) is also fairly large.

Arroyo Seco Parkway

SR 110 continues north as the Arroyo Seco Parkway from US 101 to Pasadena. From downtown, it passes through Elysian Park, Los Angeles, Elysian Park, where the northbound lanes pass through the four Figueroa Street Tunnels and the higher southbound lanes pass through a cut and over low areas on bridges. Then after crossing the Los Angeles River and the Golden State Freeway (Interstate 5 in California, I-5), the parkway runs alongside the Arroyo Seco (Los Angeles County), Arroyo Seco seasonal river towards Pasadena.

Harbor Transitway

The Harbor Transitway is a grade-separated, shared-use express bus and high-occupancy toll (HOT) corridor, running in the Central reservation, median of I-110, between California State Route 91, SR 91 (Gardena Freeway) and Adams Boulevard in the south side of Downtown Los Angeles. The southern end of the HOT lanes also includes dedicated ramps connecting to the Harbor Gateway Transit Center. , the HOT lanes are a 24/7 service. Solo drivers are tolled using a congestion pricing system based on the real-time levels of traffic. Carpools with two or more people and motorcycles are not charged. All tolls are collected using an open road tolling system, and therefore there are no toll booths to receive cash. Each vehicle using the HOT lanes is required to carry a FasTrak ''Flex'' transponder with its switch set to indicate the number of the vehicle's occupants (1, 2, or 3+). Those with clean air vehicles need to apply to get a 15 percent discount. Solo drivers may also use the FasTrak standard tag without the switch. Drivers without any FasTrak tag will be assessed a toll violation regardless of whether they qualified for free.

History

Interstate 10 Under Construction at SR 11 in California

In the 1924 Major Street Traffic Plan for Los Angeles, a widening of Figueroa Street to San Pedro, California, San Pedro as a good road to the Port of Los Angeles was proposed. Progress was slow, and, in 1933, the state legislature added the entire length to the state highway system as Route 165, an unsigned designation. This route not only extended from San Pedro north to Los Angeles, but continued through the city-built Figueroa Street Tunnels and along the northern extension of Figueroa Street to Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California, Eagle Rock, and then followed Linda Vista Avenue (via an overlap (road), overlap on Legislative Route 161 (California pre-1964), Route 161 (California State Route 134, SR 134) over the Colorado Street Bridge (Pasadena, California), Colorado Street Bridge) to Legislative Route 9 (California pre-1964), Route 9 (now Interstate 210 in California, I-210) at the Devil's Gate Reservoir. The entire length of Route 165 became Sign Route 11 in 1934. U.S. Route 6 (California), US Route 6 was also assigned to the portion between California State Route 1, SR 1 and Avenue 26 in 1937, and, at about the same time, U.S. Route 66 in California, US 66 was moved from Eagle Rock Boulevard to Figueroa Street, overlapping SR 11 between Sunset Boulevard (U.S. Route 101 in California, US 101) and Colorado Street (California State Route 134, SR 134). The state completed the Arroyo Seco Parkway which had been added to the state highway system in 1935 as Route 205, in early 1941, providing a faster route between SR 11 at Avenue 26 and Pasadena.Historic American Engineering Record (J. Philip Gruen and Portia Lee)
Arroyo Seco Parkway (HAER No. CA-265) written historical and descriptive data
August 1999, pp. 34, 57, 65, 67 US 66 was moved to the new route, while SR 11 remained on Figueroa Street and Linda Vista Avenue, the former also becoming a new U.S. Route 66 Alternate (Los Angeles, California), US Route 66 Alternate. Construction of a freeway to San Pedro was much slower, despite having been in the earliest plans for an integrated system. Initially, the Harbor Parkway was to split at the merge with the Venice Parkway northeast of the University of Southern California, with the East By-Pass and West By-Pass straddling the Downtown Los Angeles, Los Angeles Central Business District and rejoining at the split between the Arroyo Seco Parkway and Riverside Parkway south of Dodger Stadium.Automobile Club of Southern California, map from Traffic Survey, Los Angeles Metropolitan Area, 1937, reproduced in Janet L. Abu-Lughod, New York, Chicago, Los Angeles: America's Global Cities, 1999, p. 256Transportation Engineering Board, map from A Transit Program for the Los Angeles Metropolitan Region, 1939, reproduced in Gerrylynn K. Roberts, Philip Steadman, American Cities and Technology: Wilderness to Wired City, 1999, p. 79 The West By-Pass was soon incorporated into the Harbor Parkway,Los Angeles County Regional Planning District
Master Plan of Metropolitan Los Angeles Freeways
adopted August 6, 1947 and the first short piece, by then renamed the Harbor Freeway, opened on July 30, 1952, from the Four Level Interchange south to 3rd Street. (The Arroyo Seco Parkway was completed to the Four Level Interchange on September 22, 1953, and renamed the Pasadena Freeway on November 16, 1954.) The Harbor Freeway gradually pushed south, opening to Olympic Boulevard (Los Angeles), Olympic Boulevard on March 23, 1954, and Washington Boulevard (Los Angeles), Washington Boulevard on May 14, 1954. On March 27, 1956, the highway was extended to 42nd Street, and on April 24, 1957, it reached temporary ramps at 88th Place. Further extensions were made to Century Boulevard on July 31, 1958, 124th Street on September 24, 1958, Alondra Boulevard (which the county widened to carry the load) on May 2, 1960, 190th Street on July 15, 1960, Torrance Boulevard on August 28, 1962, and finally Pacific Coast Highway (California), Pacific Coast Highway (California State Route 1, SR 1) on September 26, 1962. There it connected with a section that had been open since June 19, 1956, from Pacific Coast Highway south to Channel Street. Along with the Vincent Thomas Bridge to Terminal Island, the final piece in San Pedro opened on July 9, 1970, completing the Harbor Freeway to its present length. In December 1978, the Harbor Freeway was approved as an Interstate Highway System, Interstate Highway by the Federal Highway Administration, FHWA. In 1981, the SR 11 designation was renumbered as I-110 on the Harbor Freeway, and SR 110 on the Pasadena Freeway. The I-110 designation had been previously applied to Interstate_10_in_California#Spur_to_US_101, what is now a spur of I-10 from 1958 to 1968.

Richard Ankrom signage

In 2001, Richard Ankrom, a local artist who got lost trying to get onto Interstate 5 (California), I-5 North from northbound SR 110 because there was no clear official signage labeling access to I-5 North, solved his frustration by covertly modifying one of the overhead signs on the freeway just before the Four Level Interchange (). Using Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, official government sign specifications, Ankrom fabricated two sign pieces, one being an I-5 marker shield and the other with the word "NORTH", and affixed them to the left side of the sign. He performed his modifications in broad daylight, disguised as a Caltrans worker. In that district, Caltrans has three sign crews, each thinking one of the other two crews did the installation. After nine months, at Ankrom's request, the ''Los Angeles Downtown News'' broke the story. Prior to Ankrom's work, the only signage directing motorists to the I-5 North off-ramp came at a quarter-mile (0.4 km) before the exit, thus forcing many to merge across multiple lanes in a very short distance. The signs were inspected by Caltrans to ensure they would not fall off onto the road below. Ankrom was never charged, despite statements from officials that his actions were illegal. Ankrom referred to his sign project as "Guerilla Public Service". In 2009, Caltrans replaced all signage along this segment with newer, more reflective versions. These new signs include Ankrom's original improvements.

Preservation

Despite the increased traffic in Los Angeles, including trucks shipping products from the Port of Los Angeles in San Pedro, there are no plans to upgrade the rest of I-110 from I-10 to Pasadena to Interstate standards. Instead, Caltrans has pushed for a protected status alternative to preserve the Arroyo Seco Parkway as a historic landmark. The state legislature designated the original section, north of the Figueroa Street Viaduct, as a "California Historic Parkway" (part of the State Scenic Highway System (California), State Scenic Highway System reserved for freeways built before 1945) in 1993; the only other highway so designated is the Cabrillo Freeway (SR 163 (CA), SR 163) in San Diego, CA, San Diego. The American Society of Civil Engineers named it a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1999, and it became a National Scenic Byway in 2002.U.S. Department of Transportation
U.S. Transportation Secretary Mineta Names 36 New National Scenic Byways, All-American Roads
June 13, 2002

Exit list

References

External links

Metro ExpressLanes
– includes toll information on the I-110 Express Lanes
A written account of Richard Ankrom's sign modification

{{I-10 aux Interstate 10, 1 (California) Interstate Highways in California, 10-1 Roads in Los Angeles County, California, Interstate 10-1 Southern California freeways Auxiliary Interstate Highways, 10-1 California Transportation in Los Angeles Transportation in Pasadena, California, State Route 110 Carson, California U.S. Route 6, 110 South Los Angeles State highways in California, 110