Hørbygaard
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Hærbygaard is a manor house and estate located on Tuse Næs,
Holbæk Municipality Holbæk Municipality () is a '' kommune'' in northwestern Region Sjælland on the island of Zealand in Denmark. The municipality includes the island of Orø, and covers an area of 583 km², and has a total population of 74,490 (2025). Its may ...
, some 80 kilometres west of
Copenhagen Copenhagen ( ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of 1.4 million in the Urban area of Copenhagen, urban area. The city is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the ...
,
Denmark Denmark is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe. It is the metropole and most populous constituent of the Kingdom of Denmark,, . also known as the Danish Realm, a constitutionally unitary state that includes the Autonomous a ...
. The current main building was constructed for Melchior Grevenkop-Castenskiold in 1861-62 and later expanded with a new north wing by Gotfred Tvede in 1900-1901.


History


Early history

Hørbygaard traces its history back to the 14th century. The first recorded owner of Hørbygaard is Else Tuesen, who in 1314 passed it to her son Niels Tuesen. It was later passed to his sons Peder Nielsen and Karl Nielsen. The latter pawned the estate in 1358. The estate was then owned by multiple simultaneous owners as was common at the time. In 1411, Bishop Peder Jensen Lodehat acquired a stake in the estate. Not long thereafter, the rest of the estate was also acquired by the Diocese of Roskilde. The estate was subsequently known as Moselen. It was operated as a
fief A fief (; ) was a central element in medieval contracts based on feudal law. It consisted of a form of property holding or other rights granted by an overlord to a vassal, who held it in fealty or "in fee" in return for a form of feudal alle ...
. Mogens Godskesen (Bielke) was one of the Seignories (
lensmann in modern Norwegian or in Danish and older Norwegian spelling (; ) is a term with several distinct meanings in Nordic history. The Icelandic equivalent was a . Fief-holder The term traditionally referred to a holder of a royal fief in Denmark ...
). Godskesen was in 1526 granted the estate for life. He and his wife are buried in the adjacent Hørby Church.


Crown land

Mogens Godskesen kept the estate as a fief after it was confiscated by the Crown after the Reformation in 1536 and he was also granted Dragsholm. In 1589, Frederick II granted Hørbygaard to Peder Reedtz and his descendents. He had come to Denmark at the outbreak of the
Northern Seven Years' War The Northern Seven Years' War (also known as the ''Nordic Seven Years' War'', the ''First Northern War,'' the ''Seven Years' War of the North'' or the ''Seven Years War in Scandinavia'') was fought between the Kingdom of Sweden (1523–1611), K ...
where he had won the favour of the king. He had also been rewarded with a number of other fiefs:
Sorø Sorø () is a town in Sorø municipality on the island of Zealand (Denmark), Zealand in east Denmark with a population of 8,433 (2025).
(until 1584),
Antvorskov Antvorskov Monastery (Danish: ''Antvorskov Kloster'') was the principal Scandinavian monastery of the Catholic Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, located about one kilometer south of the town of Slagelse on Zealand, Denmark. It served as the Scand ...
(until 14589) and Saltø. In 158788, he served as ''kensmand'' of Jorsør. In 1587, he had acquired nearby Tygestrup from the Crown in exchange for property elsewhere. He expanded Hørby Church with a burial chapel for the family. He was succeeded by his son Frederik Reedtz as ''lensmand'' of Hørbygaard. Frederik Reedtz's son, Steen Reedtz, who was deep in debt, breached his obligations as lensmann. This resulted in a lawsuit in which his heirs renounced their right to succeed him at Hørbygaard.


Changing owners, 16921748

In 1692,
Christian V Christian V (15 April 1646 – 25 August 1699) was King of Denmark and Norway from 1670 until his death in 1699. Well-regarded by the common people, he was the first king anointed at Frederiksborg Castle chapel as absolute monarch since the de ...
granted the estate to Admiral Henrik Span who was at the same time raised to the peerage. He had been appointed as Head of Nyholm in 1690 where he had reorganized the naval base and modernised the operations at the Royal Danish Naval Dockyards. He settled on the estate and constructed a tower which enabled him to see the sea from the house. Span's widow kept the estate after his death just two years later. Their daughter and only child, Charlotte Amalie Henriksdatter Span, inherited it in 1722. The medical doctor and botanist
Christen Friis Rottbøll Christen Friis Rottbøll (3 March 1727, at Hørbygård, Denmark – 15 June 1797, in Copenhagen) was a Danish physician and botanist: He was a pupil of Carolus Linnaeus. Early life Rottbøll was born on the Hørbygaard estate at Holbæk, the ...
and the bishop Christian Michael Rottbøll were born on the estate in 1727 and 1820. Their father, Christen Michelsen Rottbøll, was manager of the estate. He died in 1820 and their mother later married the manager of nearby
Hagestedgaard Hagestedgaard is a manor house and estate located at the village of Hagested, near Holbæk, Holbæk Municipality, some 60 kilometres west of Copenhagen, Denmark. The estate traces its history back to the 13th century but the current asymmetrical ...
. Charlotte Amalie Henriksdatter Span had no children and returned the estate to the Crown in 1730. In 1744, Hørbygaard was granted to Volrad August von der Lühe. He had also been rewarded with the title of ''overpræsident'' in Copenhagen.


The Castenskiold family

Jacoba von Holten, the widow of Johan Lorentz Castenschiold, acquired the estate in 1748. She ceded the estate to their second eldest son Jørgen Frederik von Castenschiold in 1760. He later also acquired Valbygård (1776-1803) and Store Frederikslund in Lille Frederikslund 1787. He implemented many of the agricultural reforms of the time. Jørgen Frederik von Castenschiold's son Casper inherited the estate in 1813. He adopted the name Grevencop-Castenschiold in 1826. His son Joachim Melchior Grevenkop-Castenschiold, who had inherited the estate in 1854, constructed a new main building in around 1861. The last copyholds were converted into freeholds in around 1900. The building was in the 20th century from 1935 for a while owned by a family trust and used as a summer camp for children from Copenhagen and a home for working class widows.


Today

The current owner is Christian Castenskiold. The estate covers 435 hectares of land.


List of owners

* ( -1314) Else Tuesen * (1314-1339) Niels Tuesen * (1333- ) Peder Nielsen * (1344-1358) Karl Nielsen * (1358-1411) Changing owners * (1411-1536) Roskilde Bispestol * (1536-1693) The Crown * (1693-1694) Henrik Span * (1694-1722) Susanne Christine Schønback, gift Span * (1722-1730) Henriette Henriksdatter Span, gift von Pagelsen * (1730-1744) Kronen * (1744-1748) Volrad August von der Lühe * (1748-1760) Jacoba von Holten, gift Castenschiold * (1760-1813) Jørgen Frederik von Castenschiold * (1813-1854) Casper Holten Grevencop-Castenschiold * (1854-1878) Joachim Melchior Grevenkop-Castenschiold * (1878-1890) Thekla Mathilde Hochschild, gift Grevenkop-Castenskiold * (1890-1913) Carl Holten Grevenkop-Castenskiold * (1913-1925) Enke efter Carl Holten Grevenkop-Castenskiold * (1925-1935) Louise Grevenkop-Castenskiold * (1935- ) Familien Grevenkop-Castenskiold Stift * ( -1985) Claus Christian Castenskiold * (1985- ) Christian Gustav Castenskiold


References


External links

{{Commons
Official website



Source
Manor houses in Holbæk Municipality Buildings and structures of the Castenschiold family Gotfred Tvede buildings