A hyperphoton is a hypothetical particle with a very low mass and

spin Spin or spinning most often refers to: * Spin (physics) or particle spin, a fundamental property of elementary particles * Spin quantum number, a number which defines the value of a particle's spin * Spinning (textiles), the creation of yarn or thr ...

equal to one. The hypothesis of the existence of hyperphotons is an explanation for the violation of CP-invariance in the two-pion decay of a long-lived neutral kaon

K_^ \rightarrow \pi^ + \pi^

. According to this hypothesis, there is a long-range very weak field generated by

hypercharge In particle physics, the hypercharge (a portmanteau of hyperonic and charge (physics), charge) ''Y'' of a subatomic particle, particle is a quantum number conserved under the strong interaction. The concept of hypercharge provides a single charg ...

d particles (for example,

baryon In particle physics, a baryon is a type of composite particle, composite subatomic particle that contains an odd number of valence quarks, conventionally three. proton, Protons and neutron, neutrons are examples of baryons; because baryons are ...

s), whose quantum carrier is a hyperphoton, which acts differently on

K^

and

\hat

mesons whose hypercharges differ in signs.

Criticism of the hypothesis

This hypothesis contradicts a number of experimental data and theoretical principles of physics. Thus, it follows that the probability of two-photon decay of a long-lived neutral kaon is proportional to the square of the kaon energy in the laboratory reference frame, which does not agree with experimental data on its independence from the kaon energy. The experimental data also contradict such a consequence of this hypothesis as a very high probability of hyperphoton emission during the decay of a long-lived neutral kaon and when a charged kaon decays into a one charged pion. This hypothesis implicitly uses the

action at a distance Action at a distance is the concept in physics that an object's motion (physics), motion can be affected by another object without the two being in Contact mechanics, physical contact; that is, it is the concept of the non-local interaction of ob ...

rejected by modern physics. In addition, it implies a violation of the

equivalence principle The equivalence principle is the hypothesis that the observed equivalence of gravitational and inertial mass is a consequence of nature. The weak form, known for centuries, relates to masses of any composition in free fall taking the same t ...

.''Любошиц В.Л., Оконов Э.О., Подгорецкий М.И.'
Галактическое поле гиперзарядов и распад долгоживущих нейтральных K-мезонов на два пи-мезона
// Ядерная физика 1, 490 (1965).

References

{{reflist Hypothetical elementary particles Physics beyond the Standard Model Force carriers

Criticism of the hypothesis

See also

References