''Hypatima'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of the
twirler moth family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
(Gelechiidae). Among these, it belongs to a distinct lineage, which is variously treated as
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...
Chelariini
Anacampsinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Gelechiidae.
Taxonomy and systematics
*Anacampsini Bruand, 1850
**'' Anacampsis'' Curtis, 1827
**''Aproaerema'' Durrant, 1897
**'' Battaristis'' Meyrick, 1914
**'' Chaliniastis'' Meyrick, 1904
...
in
subfamilies
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zool ...
Dichomeridinae
Dichomeridinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Gelechiidae.
Distribution
Almost worldwide, except the Arctic and Antarctic regions.
Diversity
The subfamily formerly included three tribes, about 29 genera and about 900 species. However, a ...
(like done here),
Gelechiinae
Gelechiinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1854.
Taxonomy
The subfamily includes the following tribes and genera:
*Litini Bruand, 1859
**'' Agnippe'' Chambers, 1872
**'' Altenia ...
, or even
Pexicopiinae, and historically was considered a subfamily in its own right, Chelariinae. Of this lineage, ''Hypatima'' – under its
junior synonym
In taxonomy, the scientific classification of living organisms, a synonym is an alternative scientific name for the accepted scientific name of a taxon. The botanical and zoological codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently.
...
''Chelaria'' – is the
type genus
In biological taxonomy, the type genus (''genus typica'') is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name.
Zoological nomenclature
According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearin ...
. This genus has numerous species, but its exact limits are not quite clear (see below). This genus occurs mainly in the
Southern Hemisphere, though one of the better-known species is the only member of this genus native to Europe, the
lobster-clawed moth
The lobster-clawed moth (''Hypatima rhomboidella'') is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in most of Europe, except for the Iberian Peninsula and most of the Balkan Peninsula. In the east, the range extends to Siberia and Taiwan.
The ...
(''H. rhomboidella'').
Species
Species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
of ''Hypatima'' include:
* ''
Hypatima acicula''
Park & Ponomarenko, 1999
* ''
Hypatima acris''
Park, 1995
* ''
Hypatima agriogramma''
(Meyrick, 1926)
* ''
Hypatima albogrisea''
(Walsingham, 1881)
* ''
Hypatima ammonura''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Hypatima anguinea''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima anthotypa''
(Meyrick, 1939)
* ''
Hypatima antiastis''
(Meyrick, 1929)
* ''
Hypatima antsianakella''
Viette, 1956
* ''
Hypatima apparitrix''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Hypatima aridella''
(Walker, 1864)
* ''
Hypatima arignota''
(Meyrick, 1916)
* ''
Hypatima artochroma
''Hypatima artochroma'' is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Alexey Diakonoff in 1954. It is found in New Guinea
New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of ...
''
Diakonoff, 1954
* ''
Hypatima attenuata''
(Meyrick, 1920)
* ''
Hypatima baliodes''
(Lower, 1920)
* ''
Hypatima binummulata''
(Meyrick, 1929)
* ''
Hypatima brachyrrhiza''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Hypatima caryodora''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima cirrhospila''
(Meyrick, 1920)
* ''
Hypatima corynetis''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima cryptopluta''
Diakonoff, 1954
* ''
Hypatima cyrtopleura''
(Turner, 1919)
* ''
Hypatima demonstrata''
(Meyrick, 1920)
* ''
Hypatima dermatica''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Hypatima deviella''
(Walker, 1864)
* ''
Hypatima discissa''
(Meyrick, 1916)
* ''
Hypatima disetosella''
Park, 1995
* ''
Hypatima disposita''
(Meyrick, 1931)
* ''
Hypatima dissidens''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima ephippias''
(Meyrick, 1937)
* ''
Hypatima ericta''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima euchorda''
(Meyrick, 1923)
* ''
Hypatima euplecta''
(Meyrick, 1904)
* ''
Hypatima excellentella''
Ponomarenko, 1991
* ''
Hypatima formidolosa''
(Meyrick, 1916)
* ''
Hypatima haligramma''
(Meyrick, 1926)
* ''
Hypatima harpophora''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Hypatima hora''
(Busck, 1914)
* ''
Hypatima improba''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima indica''
(Swinhoe, 1885)
* ''
Hypatima instaurata''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Hypatima iophana''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima isopogon''
(Meyrick, 1929)
* ''
Hypatima isoptila''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima isotricha''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Hypatima issikiana''
Park, 1995
* ''
Hypatima lactifera''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima lecticata''
(Meyrick, 1926)
* ''
Hypatima loxosaris''
(Meyrick, 1918)
* ''
Hypatima mancipata''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima mangiferae''
Satter, 1989
* ''
Hypatima manjakatompo''
Viette, 1956
* ''
Hypatima melanecta''
(Meyrick, 1914)
* ''
Hypatima melanocharis''
(Meyrick, 1934)
* ''
Hypatima meliptila''
(Meyrick, 1926)
* ''
Hypatima metaphorica''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Hypatima microgramma''
(Meyrick, 1920)
* ''
Hypatima mycetinopa''
(Meyrick, 1934)
* ''
Hypatima nigrogrisea''
Janse, 1949
* ''
Hypatima nimbigera''
(Meyrick, 1926)
* ''
Hypatima nodifera''
(Meyrick, 1930)
* ''
Hypatima orthomochla''
(Meyrick, 1932)
* ''
Hypatima orthostathma''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Hypatima ovata''
Park & Ponomarenko, 1999
* ''
Hypatima parichniota''
(Meyrick, 1938)
* ''
Hypatima particulata''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima pentagonia''
Park & Ponomarenko, 1999
* ''
Hypatima perinetella''
Viette, 1956
* ''
Hypatima phacelota''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima pilosella''
(Walker, 1864)
* ''
Hypatima probolaea''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima procax''
(Meyrick, 1911)
* ''
Hypatima rhicnota''
(Meyrick, 1916)
* ''
Hypatima rhomboidella'' – lobster-clawed moth
* ''
Hypatima scopulosa''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima scotia''
(Turner, 1919)
* ''
Hypatima silvestris''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima simulacrella''
(Meyrick, 1904)
* ''
Hypatima solutrix''
(Meyrick, 1911)
* ''
Hypatima sorograpta''
(Meyrick, 1931)
* ''
Hypatima spathota''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima sphenophora''
(Meyrick, 1904)
* ''
Hypatima stasimodes''
(Meyrick, 1931)
* ''
Hypatima stenosa''
Park & Ponomarenko, 1999
* ''
Hypatima subdentata''
Diakonoff, 1954
* ''
Hypatima sublectella''
(Walker, 1864)
* ''
Hypatima syncrypta''
(Meyrick, 1916)
* ''
Hypatima tenebrosa''
(Meyrick, 1920)
* ''
Hypatima tephroplintha''
(Meyrick, 1923)
* ''
Hypatima tephroptila''
(Meyrick, 1931)
* ''
Hypatima teramotoi''
Ueda, 2012
* ''
Hypatima tessulata''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Hypatima tetraptila''
(Meyrick 1909)
* ''
Hypatima tonsa''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima toreuta''
(Turner, 1919)
* ''
Hypatima trachymorpha''
(Meyrick, 1927)
* ''
Hypatima trachyspila''
(Meyrick, 1933)
* ''
Hypatima triannulata''
(Meyrick, 1911)
* ''
Hypatima tricosma''
(Meyrick, 1933)
* ''
Hypatima venefica''
Ponomarenko, 1991
* ''
Hypatima verticosa''
(Meyrick, 1913)
* ''
Hypatima vinculata''
Pathania and Rose, 2003
* ''
Hypatima xerophanta''
(Meyrick, 1930)
* ''
Hypatima xylotechna''
(Meyrick, 1932)
* ''
Hypatima zesticopa''
(Meyrick, 1929)
Former species
* ''
Hypatima austerodes''
(Meyrick, 1918)
* ''
Hypatima conscriptella''
(Hübner, 1805)
* ''
Hypatima praemaculata''
(Meyrick, 1931)
Taxonomy and systematics
The genus ''Hypatima'' was established by
Jacob Hübner
Jacob Hübner (20 June 1761 – 13 September 1826, in Augsburg) was a German entomologist. He was the author of ''Sammlung Europäischer Schmetterlinge'' (1796–1805), a founding work of entomology.
Scientific career
Hübner was the author of '' ...
about 1825, though some authors mistakenly credited
G.A.W. Herrich-Schäffer to have done it about 1853. Herrich-Schäffer, however, only cited the genus as established by Hübner. As regards ''Chelaria'', this has been treated as distinct genus by several authors. But this was based on the mistaken assumption that its
type species
In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...
, ''"Chelaria conscripta"'', was a distinct
taxon
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and ...
. However, it is merely an unjustified name-change of ''
Hypatima conscriptella'', and hence ''Hypatima'' and ''Chelaria'' are
objective synonym
In taxonomy, the scientific classification of living organisms, a synonym is an alternative scientific name for the accepted scientific name of a taxon. The botanical and zoological codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently.
...
s.
A group within this genus is remarkably similar to ''
Chelophoba melaina'', an enigmatic species that is generally assigned to the twirler moth
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...
Pexicopiinae, though its exact relationships therein are obscure. As remarked above, the
Chelariini
Anacampsinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Gelechiidae.
Taxonomy and systematics
*Anacampsini Bruand, 1850
**'' Anacampsis'' Curtis, 1827
**''Aproaerema'' Durrant, 1897
**'' Battaristis'' Meyrick, 1914
**'' Chaliniastis'' Meyrick, 1904
...
have occasionally been allied with the Pexicopiinae. In any case, it is not impossible that this group might be better assigned to ''
Chelophoba''.
Synonyms
Due to its somewhat convoluted
taxonomic
280px, Generalized scheme of taxonomy
Taxonomy is a practice and science concerned with classification or categorization. Typically, there are two parts to it: the development of an underlying scheme of classes (a taxonomy) and the allocation ...
history, there are many
junior synonym
In taxonomy, the scientific classification of living organisms, a synonym is an alternative scientific name for the accepted scientific name of a taxon. The botanical and zoological codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently.
...
s or otherwise invalid
scientific name
In Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin gramm ...
s for ''Hypatima'' moths. Some of these might theoretically apply as
subgenus
In biology, a subgenus ( subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus.
In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between the ge ...
names, but this is not usually done pending a thorough review of the genus. The obsolete scientific names are:
[Pitkin & Jenkins (2004b), ABRS (2010)]
* ''Allocota''
Meyrick, 1904 (''non'' Motschulsky, 1860: preoccupied
In biology, a homonym is a name for a taxon that is identical in spelling to another such name, that belongs to a different taxon.
The rule in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature is that the first such name to be published is the s ...
)
* ''Allocotaniana''
Strand, 1913
* ''Cellaria''
(''lapsus
In philology, a lapsus (Latin for "lapse, slip, error") is an involuntary mistake made while writing or speaking.
Investigations
In 1895 an investigation into verbal slips was undertaken by a philologist and a psychologist, Rudolf Meringer and ...
'')
* ''Chelaria''
Haworth, 1828
* ''Cheleria''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Cymatomorpha''
Meyrick, 1904
* ''Deuteroptila''
Meyrick, 1904
* ''Episacta''
Turner, 1919
* ''Hypatina''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Semodictis''
Meyrick, 1909
* ''Stomylia''
Snellen, 1878
* ''Tituacia''
Walker, 1864
Footnotes
References
* (2010): Australian Faunal Directory &ndash
''Hypatima'' Version of 2010-NOV-18. Retrieved 2011-OCT-17.
* (1986): Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago. ''Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology'' 416: 1-485
PDF fulltext (214 MB!)
* (2011)
''Hypatima'' Version 2.4, 2011-JAN-27. Retrieved 2011-OCT-17.
* (2004a)
Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species&ndash
''Chelaria'' Version of 2004-NOV-05. Retrieved 2011-OCT-17.
* (2004b)
Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species&ndash
''Hypatima'' Hübner, 1825 Version of 2004-NOV-05. Retrieved 2011-OCT-17.
* (2004c)
Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species&ndash
''Hypatima'' Herrich-Schäffer, 1953 ' sic.html" ;"title="'sic">'sic'' Version of 2004-NOV-05. Retrieved 2011-OCT-17.
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Dichomeridinae
Gelechiidae genera">Hypatima">
Dichomeridinae
Gelechiidae genera