enzymology An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...

, a hydroxycinnamate 4-beta-glucosyltransferase () is an

enzyme An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...

that

catalyzes Catalysis () is the increase in rate of a chemical reaction due to an added substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed by the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recycles quick ...

the

chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemistry, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. When chemical reactions occur, the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is accompanied by an Gibbs free energy, ...

:UDP-glucose + trans-4-hydroxycinnamate

\rightleftharpoons

UDP + 4-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxycinnamate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are

UDP-glucose Uridine diphosphate glucose (uracil-diphosphate glucose, UDP-glucose) is a nucleotide sugar. It is involved in glycosyltransferase reactions in metabolism. Functions UDP-glucose is used in nucleotide sugar metabolism as an activated form of g ...

and

trans-4-hydroxycinnamate ''p''-Coumaric acid is an organic compound with the formula HOC6H4CH=CHCO2H. It is one of the three isomers of coumaric acid. It is a white solid that is only slightly soluble in water but very soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether. Natural occur ...

(p-coumaric acid), whereas its two

products Product may refer to: Business * Product (business), an item that can be offered to a market to satisfy the desire or need of a customer. * Product (project management), a deliverable or set of deliverables that contribute to a business solution ...

are UDP and

4-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxycinnamate ''p''-Coumaric acid glucoside is a hydroxycinnamic acid, an organic compound found in commercial breads containing flaxseed Flax, also known as common flax or linseed, is a flowering plant, ''Linum usitatissimum'', in the family Linaceae. ...

. This enzyme belongs to the family of

glycosyltransferase Glycosyltransferases (GTFs, Gtfs) are enzymes ( EC 2.4) that establish natural glycosidic linkages. They catalyze the transfer of saccharide moieties from an activated nucleotide sugar (also known as the "glycosyl donor") to a nucleophilic gl ...

s, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The

systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature. A semisystematic name or semitrivi ...

of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:trans-4-hydroxycinnamate 4-O-beta-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphoglucose-hydroxycinnamate glucosyltransferase, UDP-glucose-hydroxycinnamate glucosyltransferase, and hydroxycinnamoyl glucosyltransferase.

References

* EC 2.4.1 Enzymes of unknown structure Hydroxycinnamic acids metabolism {{2.4-enzyme-stub