Hydronium perchlorate is the chemical compound with the formula . It is an unusual salt due to it being a solid and stable

hydronium In chemistry, hydronium (hydroxonium in traditional British English) is the common name for the aqueous cation , the type of oxonium ion produced by protonation of water. It is often viewed as the positive ion present when an Arrhenius acid is di ...

salt.

Production

Hydronium perchlorate is produced by the reaction of anhydrous

perchloric acid Perchloric acid is a mineral acid with the formula H Cl O4. Usually found as an aqueous solution, this colorless compound is a stronger acid than sulfuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. It is a powerful oxidizer when hot, but aqueous s ...

and

water Water (chemical formula ) is an inorganic, transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance, which is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living organisms (in which it acts as ...

in a 1:1 molar ratio: : This method was found to produce some byproducts and is not a reliable method. A more reliable method was reported by the cyclocondensation of sodium 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenolate(produced by the reaction of 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol and

sodium hydroxide Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations and hydroxide anions . Sodium hydroxide is a highly caustic base and alkal ...

ethanol Ethanol (abbr. EtOH; also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound. It is an alcohol with the chemical formula . Its formula can be also written as or (an ethyl group linked to a h ...

) and

p-phenylenediamine ''p''-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(NH2)2. This derivative of aniline is a white solid, but samples can darken due to air oxidation. It is mainly used as a component of engineering polymers and composites lik ...

via the sodium template method. It resulted in a yellow solid which was transmetallated with copper(II) perchlorate then

refluxed Reflux is a technique involving the condensation of vapors and the return of this condensate to the system from which it originated. It is used in industrial and laboratory distillations. It is also used in chemistry to supply energy to reaction ...

in nitrogen for 1 hour. The resulting solution was filtered and cooled to form the colorless crystals of hydronium perchlorate. It can also be produced by the reaction of anhydrous

nitric acid Nitric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula . It is a highly corrosive mineral acid. The compound is colorless, but older samples tend to be yellow cast due to decomposition into oxides of nitrogen. Most commercially available ni ...

and

References

{{Perchlorates Oxonium compounds Perchlorates