Hut (dwelling), Huts
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A hut is a small
dwelling In law, a dwelling (also known as a residence or an abode) is a self-contained unit of accommodation used by one or more households as a home - such as a house, apartment, mobile home, houseboat, vehicle, or other "substantial" structure. T ...
, which may be constructed of various local materials. Huts are a type of
vernacular architecture Vernacular architecture is building done outside any academic tradition, and without professional guidance. This category encompasses a wide range and variety of building types, with differing methods of construction, from around the world, bo ...
because they are built of readily available materials such as wood, snow, ice, stone, grass, palm leaves, branches, hides, fabric, or mud using techniques passed down through the generations. The construction of a hut is generally less complex than that of a
house A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air ...
(durable, well-built dwelling) but more so than that of a shelter (place of refuge or safety) such as a tent and is used as temporary or seasonal shelter or as a permanent dwelling in some indigenous societies.Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) © Oxford University Press 2009 Huts exist in practically all
nomad A nomad is a member of a community without fixed habitation who regularly moves to and from the same areas. Such groups include hunter-gatherers, pastoral nomads (owning livestock), tinkers and trader nomads. In the twentieth century, the po ...
ic cultures. Some huts are transportable and can stand most conditions of weather.


Word

The term is often employed by people who consider non-western style homes in tropical and sub-tropical areas to be crude or primitive, but often the designs are based on traditions of local craftsmanship using sophisticated architectural techniques. The designs in tropical and sub-tropical areas favour high airflow configurations built from non-conducting materials, which allow heat dissipation. The term ''house'' or ''home'' is considered by some to be more appropriate. In the
Western world The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to the various nations and states in the regions of Europe, North America, and Oceania.
the word ''hut'' is often used for a wooden shed. The term has also been adopted by climbers and backpackers to refer to a more solid and permanent structure offering refuge. These vary from simple bothies – which are little more than very basic shelters – to
mountain hut A mountain hut is a building located high in the mountains, generally accessible only by foot, intended to provide food and shelter to mountaineers, climbers and hikers. Mountain huts are usually operated by an Alpine Club or some organizatio ...
s that are far more luxurious and can even include facilities such as restaurants. The word comes from the 1650s, from French ''hutte'' "cottage" (16c.), from Middle High German hütte "cottage, hut," probably from Proto-Germanic *hudjon-, related to the root of Old English hydan "to hide," from PIE *keudh-, from root (s)keu- (see hide (n.1)). Apparently first in English as a military word. Old Saxon hutta, Danish hytte, Swedish hytta, West Frisian and Middle Dutch hutte, Dutch hut are from High German. Ukrainian "hata" seems to be known from even earlier ages. Avestan or ancient Iranian origins presumably." related to ''hide'', a covering.


Modern use

Huts are used by shepherds when moving livestock between seasonal grazing areas such as mountainous and lowland
pasture Pasture (from the Latin ''pastus'', past participle of ''pascere'', "to feed") is land used for grazing. Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed tracts of farmland, grazed by domesticated livestock, such as horses, cattle, sheep, or s ...
s (
transhumance Transhumance is a type of pastoralism or nomadism, a seasonal movement of livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures. In montane regions (''vertical transhumance''), it implies movement between higher pastures in summer and lower va ...
). They are also commonly used by backpackers and other travelers in rural areas. Some displaced populations of people use huts throughout the world during a
diaspora A diaspora ( ) is a population that is scattered across regions which are separate from its geographic place of origin. Historically, the word was used first in reference to the dispersion of Greeks in the Hellenic world, and later Jews afte ...
. For example, temporary collectors in the wilderness agricultural workers at plantations in the
Amazon Amazon most often refers to: * Amazons, a tribe of female warriors in Greek mythology * Amazon rainforest, a rainforest covering most of the Amazon basin * Amazon River, in South America * Amazon (company), an American multinational technolog ...
jungle. Huts have been built for purposes other than as a dwelling such as storage, workshops, and teaching.


Types


Traditional

* Bahay kubo – A traditional Filipino stilt house made of bamboo and palm fronds as roofing. They are designed to be lightweight so they can be moved from one place to another by being carried by group of men, a practice commonly called '' bayanihan.'' * Balok – A Siberian wilderness hut made of logs, usually communal, used by hunters, fishermen and travelers in the more distant parts of Siberia. Some baloks are mobile and mounted on sleds. * Barabara – An earth sheltered winter home of the Aleut people *
Barracks Barracks are usually a group of long buildings built to house military personnel or laborers. The English word originates from the 17th century via French and Italian from an old Spanish word "barraca" ("soldier's tent"), but today barracks are ...
– an old term for a temporary hut, now more used as a term for military housing and a unique hay storage structure called a hay barrack. * Bothy – Originally a one-room hut for male farm workers in the United Kingdom, now a
mountain hut A mountain hut is a building located high in the mountains, generally accessible only by foot, intended to provide food and shelter to mountaineers, climbers and hikers. Mountain huts are usually operated by an Alpine Club or some organizatio ...
for overnight hikers. * Burdei or bordei – a dugout or pit-house with a sod roof in Romania, Ukraine and Canada. *
Cabana Cabana, cabanas or cabañas may refer to: *Cabana (structure), either a small hut built with a thatched roof, or a recreational structure with at least one wall open at a beachside or poolside club Places * Cabana, Peru, capital of the Cabana D ...
– an open shelter * Chozo – Spanish for hut, term also used in Mexico. * Clochán – A dry stone hut in Ireland * Dry stone hut *
Earth lodge An earth lodge is a semi-subterranean building covered partially or completely with earth, best known from the Native American cultures of the Great Plains and Eastern Woodlands. Most earth lodges are circular in construction with a dome-li ...
– Native American dwelling * Heartebeest Hut – hut used by South African
Trekboer The Trekboers ( af, Trekboere) were nomadic pastoralists descended from European settlers on the frontiers of the Dutch Cape Colony in Southern Africa. The Trekboers began migrating into the interior from the areas surrounding what is now Ca ...
built of reeds, sometimes plastered with mud *
Hytte A cottage, during Feudalism in England, England's feudal period, was the holding by a cottager (known as a cotter or ''bordar'') of a small house with enough garden to feed a family and in return for the cottage, the cottager had to provide ...
– A cabin or hut in Norway *
Igloo An igloo (Inuit languages: , Inuktitut syllabics (plural: )), also known as a snow house or snow hut, is a type of shelter built of suitable snow. Although igloos are often associated with all Inuit, they were traditionally used only ...
– A hut made of pieces of hard snow or ice *
Kolba Kalba ( ky, Калба) is a village in the Talas Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Talas District. Its population was 1,490 in 2021. References Populated places in Talas Region {{Talas-geo-stub ...
– Afghanistan * Khata – a Ukrainian hut * Lodge is a general term for a hut or cabin such as a
log cabin A log cabin is a small log house, especially a less finished or less architecturally sophisticated structure. Log cabins have an ancient history in Europe, and in America are often associated with first generation home building by settlers. Eu ...
or
cottage A cottage, during Feudalism in England, England's feudal period, was the holding by a cottager (known as a cotter or ''bordar'') of a small house with enough garden to feed a family and in return for the cottage, the cottager had to provide s ...
. Lodge is used to refer to a tipi,
sweat lodge A sweat lodge is a low profile hut, typically dome-shaped or oblong, and made with natural materials. The structure is the ''lodge'', and the ceremony performed within the structure may be called by some cultures a purification ceremony or simply ...
, and hunting, fishing, skiing, and
safari lodge {{Unreferenced, date=May 2019, bot=noref (GreenC bot) A safari lodge (also known as a game lodge) is a type of tourist accommodation in southern and eastern Africa. Lodges are mainly used by tourists on wildlife safaris, and are typically locate ...
. * Mitato – A small, dry stone hut in Greece * Orri – A French dry stone and sod hut * Rondavel – Central and South Africa *
Roundhouse (dwelling) A roundhouse is a type of house with a circular plan, usually with a conical roof. In the later part of the 20th century, modern designs of roundhouse eco-buildings were constructed with materials such as cob, cordwood or straw bale walls and ...
– a circular hut or house typically with a conical roof * Sheiling – Originally a temporary shelter or hut for shepherds, now may be a stone building. Common in Scotland. * Sod house – A pioneer house type on the American Plains where wood was scarce. *
Sukkah A or succah (; he, סוכה ; plural, ' or ''sukkos'' or ''sukkoth'', often translated as "booth") is a temporary hut constructed for use during the week-long Jewish festival of Sukkot. It is topped with branches and often well decorated w ...
– Israel and Jewish diaspora *
Trullo A trullo (plural, trulli) is a traditional Apulian dry stone hut with a conical roof. Their style of construction is specific to the Itria Valley, in the Murge area of the Italian region of Apulia. Trulli were generally constructed as tempo ...
- Dry stone hut in Puglia,
Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
*
Tule hut ''Schoenoplectus acutus'' ( syn. ''Scirpus acutus, Schoenoplectus lacustris, Scirpus lacustris'' subsp. ''acutus''), called tule , common tule, hardstem tule, tule rush, hardstem bulrush, or viscid bulrush, is a giant species of sedge in the pl ...
– Coastal North America, West Coast, Northern California *
Oca OCA or Oca may refer to: Places and jurisdictions * The ancient town and bishopric Oca in Asia Minor (present Asia Turkey), now a Latin Catholic titular see * The former Spanish Oca, modern Villafranca Montes de Oca, also see of a medieval bis ...
– Brazil * Quinzhee – A shelter made in a pile of snow * Yurt – Central and North Asia


Modern

* HORSA hut – A prefabricated school building built to cope with additional demand from the Education Act 1944 * Laing hut – prefabricated lightweight timber wall sections bolted together, externally clad with plasterboard and felt. Designed 1940 for barrack accommodation * Nissen hut – a prefabricated steel structure made from a semicircle of corrugated steel invented 1st quarter 20th century. ** Jamesway hut – a variation of a Nissen hut ** Romney hut – a variation of a Nissen hut **
Quonset hut A Quonset hut is a lightweight prefabricated structure of corrugated galvanized steel having a semi cylindrical cross-section. The design was developed in the United States, based on the Nissen hut introduced by the British during World War ...
– a type of Nissen hut of lightweight prefabricated structure of corrugated steel having a semicircular cross section * Pratten hut – A prefabricated building generally used in schools for classrooms in the UK after World War 2. * Scout hut – Term given for the buildings used as the meeting place of members of
The Scout Association The Scout Association is the largest Scouting organisation in the United Kingdom and is the World Organization of the Scout Movement's recognised member for the United Kingdom. Following the origin of Scouting in 1907, the association was f ...
world-wide.


Construction

Many huts are designed to be relatively quick and inexpensive to build. Construction often does not require specialized tools or knowledge.
Using Natural Terrain to your Advantage


Marketing usage

The term Hut is also used to name many commercial stores, companies, and concepts. The name implies a small, casual venue, often with a fun and friendly atmosphere. Examples include Pizza Hut and Sunglass Hut.
Kiosks Historically, a kiosk () was a small garden pavilion open on some or all sides common in Persia, the Indian subcontinent, and in the Ottoman Empire from the 13th century onward. Today, several examples of this type of kiosk still exist i ...
may be constructed to look like huts and are often found at parks, malls, beaches, or other public places, selling a variety of inexpensive food or goods. Luxury hotels in tropical areas where guests are assigned to occupy their own freestanding structure sometimes call the structure a "hut", though such huts typically bear little more than superficial resemblance to the traditional concept of a hut.


See also

* Architecture of Africa * Cabane en pierre sèche () * Lean-to – a type of shelter *
Mountain hut A mountain hut is a building located high in the mountains, generally accessible only by foot, intended to provide food and shelter to mountaineers, climbers and hikers. Mountain huts are usually operated by an Alpine Club or some organizatio ...
- building that provides food and shelter for hikers and mountaineers * Palloza – Spanish type of roundhouse *
The Primitive Hut The Primitive Hut is a concept that explores the origins of architecture and its practice. The concept explores the anthropological relationship between human and the natural environment as the fundamental basis for the creation of architecture. T ...
– concept in architectural theory *
Tipi A tipi , often called a lodge in English, is a conical tent, historically made of animal hides or pelts, and in more recent generations of canvas, stretched on a framework of wooden poles. The word is Siouan, and in use in Dakhótiyapi, Lakȟ� ...
– Central North America tent


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hut (Dwelling) Traditional Native American dwellings Vernacular architecture